Izintandokazi - i-apricot enhle kunazo zonke esifundeni saseMoscow

I-Apricot Favorit yatholakala ngqo ukuze ilinywe ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Abahwebi baseMoscow babebhekene nomsebenzi wokuthola uhlobo oluhle, oluvimbela isithwathwa futhi oluvuthayo olunamajikijolo amnandi, abekwe phansi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi, ngezinga elithile, le nkinga yaxazululeka. Izintandokazi zikhula ngempumelelo esifundeni sakhe futhi zithandwa kakhulu.

Apricot Favorite

Okuthandwayo kwaqanjwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeminyaka, ngonyaka we-2000, eMoscow, kwathi ngonyaka we-2004 kwafakwa irejista yezwe lesifunda. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ikhule ngempumelelo futhi yabonwa njengenye yezindawo ezihamba phambili esifundeni saseMoscow.

Isihlahla sinamandla okukhula ngokulinganisela, sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amane. Umqhele u-translucent, kunalokho awuvamile, ukhanyiswe kahle futhi unomoya. Ifomu liyafiphala, liphakanyiswe kancane.

Umuthi we-apricot owuthandayo unomqhele ongacacile, onomoya omuhle

Akudingi ama-pollinators, ngoba inokuzimela okuphezulu, okuyinto ebalulekile kwizifunda ezibandayo. Kepha eduze kwezinhlobo ezinjengeMonastyrsky, Lel, Tsarsky - umkhiqizo uzoba ngaphezulu.

Umgcini wegadi akudingeki alinde amajikijolo okuqala avela ku-Favorite - cishe uzozama iminyaka engama-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala, okuyinkomba enhle.

Izithelo zibukeka zinhle - zincane (ngokwesilinganiso 30 g), i-orange egqamile, amajikijolo ayindilinga, anendawo ecwebezelayo kanye nefleff ebonakalayo. Ijikijolo lihlotshiswe ngombala omkhulu ohlangothini lwelanga. I-pulp enhle enhle, enamanzi, kodwa eyisiphundu futhi emnandi, enethambo elincane kakhulu eliwela ukuphuma kwejikijolo lapho iphukile. Amaphuzu amahlanu - lokhu kuhlola kokunambitheka kokunambitheka kwezithelo ezithandwa kakhulu (ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo, isilinganiso sasingaphansi - amaphuzu ayi-4,5).

Amajikijolo agcinwa kahle futhi ahanjiswa. Bahle ngesimo esisha, futhi ama-jams, ukulondolozwa kanye nama-compotes kusuka kubo kumangalisa nje. Ilungele ukomiswa.

Ama-apricot amajikijolo owathandayo nge-blush ekhanyayo

Isivuno akuyona intandokazi ye-Favorite - umuthi owodwa ukhiqiza isilinganiso sama-20 kg wezithelo, okusobala ukuthi awanele umndeni omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka utshale izihlahla ezimbalwa ze-apricot ukwanelisa ngokugcwele isidingo sokuvuna ebusika.

Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo okuhamba kwesikhathi mhlawumbe kungukubi okuyinhloko kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene. Eminyakeni lapho ekwindla iza kuqala kanti ihlobo belina, amajikijolo awanaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa nokuhlala eluhlaza emagatsheni.

Izintandokazi zinobulukhuni obuhle bokhuni kanye nokumelana okuhle kwezimbali ezimajikijelidi kumaqabunga amafushane okubuya.

Ukumelana ngokulingana ne-kleasterosporiosis, ethinteka kancane yi-aphid (1%).

Ukutshala i-apricot

Uma umlimi enquma ukutshala izihlahla ezimbalwa zama-apricot esakhiweni sakhe, lapho-ke zidinga ukuba zibekwe kude ngamamitha amane ukusuka kwelinye ngokulandelana. Esimweni lapho kuzoba khona imigqa engaphezu kweyodwa, khona-ke enye nenye elandelayo ayifanele ibe kude kwamamitha amahlanu ukusuka kowomakhelwane. Leli lungiselelo lizonikeza ukukhanyiswa okuhle nokufakelwa umqhele komqhele, kanye nokwenza lula ukunakekela izihlahla.

Kuhle uma izihlahla zibekwe eceleni kocingo, ezizovikela umoya obandayo. Okungcono kakhulu, uma lolu cingo lutholakala enyakatho noma enyakatho mpumalanga ye-landings encane. Esikhundleni uthango, kungahle kube nezihlahla ezisindayo noma udonga lwesakhiwo. Hhayi-ke, uma kungekho okufana nalokhu, khona-ke eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine yokuqala kuzofanele uvikele izihlahla ezinezihlangu ezenziwe ngopende ezihlotshiswe ngombala omhlophe ukuze kukhanye ilanga.

I-Apricot ayiveli ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi, ukwakheka kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu. I-apricot ikhula kahle kakhulu kumanzi okunyakazayo, atholakala emanzini nasemoyeni, enhlabathini. Ayilungele indawo ezikhulayo ezinamanzi, enendawo eseduze kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba.

Izihlahla zitshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Umgcini wegadi onolwazi uzokhetha isikhathi esinjalo salokhu lapho ukugeleza kwe-sap kungakafiki, kodwa sekuzoqala. Kulokhu, umuthi omncane ovuka endaweni entsha uzoqala ngokushesha ukumpande, ukhule ukukhula, futhi ebusika uzoqina ngokwanele. Umuthi onjalo uzoba lula kakhulu ukuthwala isithwathwa esizayo.

Ungazikhetha kanjani izithombo ezifanele

Ekwindla, lapho ama-nurseries eqala ukugaya okukhulu kwezithombo ezithengiswayo, akhetha amasampula amahle kakhulu ngezimpande ezakhiwe kahle neziqu ezinempilo.

Bancamela izithombo eneminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala, abanjalo bathatha izimpande kangcono futhi bakhule ngokushesha.

Abanye abalimi abangenalwazi bakholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ezindala, kucatshangwa ukuthi bazothola isivuno ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lokhu ukweqa. Lapho lo muthi usukhula, kuba buhlungu ukwedlula lokhu ekufakweni. Ngominyaka yayo, isivele isikhule izimpande ezinkulu kakhulu ezingeke zembiwe ngaphandle kokulimala, ngokuvamile zibalulekile. Endaweni entsha, isihlahla esinjalo sigula isikhathi eside, kunzima ukusiphula. Ngenxa yalokhu, uzakwabo omncane naye kungenzeka ukuthi afinyelele ekukhuleni nasekuqalekeni kokuthela izithelo.

Ungazigcina kanjani izithombo kuze kube sentwasahlobo

Ukulala obusika buthule, izithombo ezincane zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngemibandela emibili:

• Imvelo emanzi yezimpande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, baqale bacwiliswe kwikhambi lobumba ne-mullein - okuthiwa yisikhulumi. Ngemuva kwalokho ibekwe ezikhwameni noma emabhokisini ngesihlabathi esimanzi noma sawdust.
• Izimo zokushisa zisuka ku-0 ° C ziye ku- +5 ° C. Ungafaka izithombo egumbini elingaphansi noma wembelwe emhlabathini. Endabeni yokugcina, kufanele unakekele ukufakwa okuhle.
• Izithombo kufanele ziphumule kuze kube isikhathi sokutshala. Kufanele bavuke vele endaweni entsha.
  

  Ngemuva kokumba yisithombo, kuzodinga ukumbozwa kusuka kusiqhwa

Ungawulungiselela kanjani kahle umgodi wokufika

Amapayipi wokutshala kufanele alungiselelwe kusengaphambili, kungakapheli amasonto angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala. Futhi njengoba kuzoba nzima ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala (iqhwa, inhlabathi eqandisiwe), imigodi ilungiselelwe ekwindla.

Ubukhulu bomgodi kufanele banele ukuhlalisa isistimu yezimpande zesitshalo kanye nenani elifunekayo lengxube yezakhi. Imvamisa kwanele ukumba umgodi onobubanzi obungama-70-80 cm kanye nokujula okufanayo. Kulokhu, ingxenye evundile yenhlabathi evela engxenyeni yayo ephezulu kufanele ibekwe eceleni.

Bese uqhubekela kuthebhu emgodini wengxube yezakhi. Siqukethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi ebekwe lapho kugaywa umgodi, isihlabathi kanye nezinto eziphilayo (humus, compost, grassroots peat). Futhi udinga ukufaka umanyolo wamaminerali - 300 g we-superphosphate ne-1-2 kg yomlotha wokhuni. Kungcono ukumboza umgodi kuze kube sentwasahlobo ukuze ugweme ukuvuthwa kwezakhi zomzimba.

Ungatshala kanjani izihlahla ezincane

Entwasahlobo, izithombo zithathwa ezindaweni ezigcinwe kuzo, zihlolwa, ziqiniseke ukuthi zikubekezelele kahle ubusika (amagxolo abushelelezi, acwebezelayo, izingxenye ezinempilo, aluhlaza okhanyayo) futhi aqala ukutshala.

Umuthi omncane wehliselwa emgodini onqenqemeni lwenhlanganisela ebelulungiselelwe ngaphambili, izimpande eziqondile futhi zimbozwe ngumhlaba, ziphazamisa ungqimba. Ngasikhathi sinye, baqinisekisa ukuthi intambo yezimpande ijule kancane (cm cm), futhi indawo yokuxhunyelelwa itholakala okungenani ngo-5 cm ngaphezu komhlaba. Kwakhiwa umbuthano oseduze bese uniselwa kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana okuhle komhlaba ezimpandeni kanye nokususa izisetshenziswa ezakheka ngokungagcineki lapho kugcwaliswa.

Lapho utshala i-apricot, umgodi ugcwaliswa ngumhlaba ngokushaya ungqimba ngodaka

Manje kusahlala kuphela ukusika isithombo kube ukuphakama kwama-60-80 cm, okuyisigaba sokuqala ekwakhekeni komqhele weFavorite esizayo.

Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa

Imithetho yokulima nokunakekela ama-apricot ayizintandokazi ilula futhi kungcono ukuyilandela. Kulokhu, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinhle, umlimi angaqinisekisa isivuno esihle.

Ukunisela

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi noma yisiphi isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa. Nansi nje imithetho yokunisela yezitshalo ezahlukile yehlukile. I-Apricot Favorite isho izitshalo ezingalwisisi isomiso, ihlangana kabi nokuqina kwamanzi, ukumanzi. Ngakho-ke, iniselwa izikhathi ezi-3-4 kuphela ngesizini, kodwa kakhulu. Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama ize ibe ngu-30- 35 cm cm.

Isheduli Ukunisela:

1. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali noma ngemuva kokuphela kwayo.
2. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho kukhona ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela amancane namajikijolo.
3. Ngemuva kokuvunwa.
4. Ukunisela ngaphambi kobusika ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina lolu hlelo lwezihlahla ezincane ezinesistimu yezimpande engaphuthukisiwe. Eminyakeni engu-7-8 yeminyaka, inani lokunisela ngesihlahla alibucayi kakhulu futhi lingancishiswa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semvula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Lapho umuthi usebenzisa ingxenye ebalulekile yezakhamzimba ezitshalwe ngesikhathi sokutshala, aqala ukufaka umquba ngaphezulu. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuqala ngemuva kokuvunwa kwezithelo zokuqala.

Manje umuthi uzodinga umanyolo we-organic, otshalwe emhlabathini lapho ugaya iziqu zemithi entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Lokhu kuzodingeka kwenziwe kanye njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4 ngesilinganiso sama-5 kg ​​we-humus noma komquba nge-1 m² indilinga yesiqu.

Umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa minyaka yonke. INitrogen - entwasahlobo, potash - ekuqaleni kwehlobo, phosphorus - ekwindla.

Ithebula: izinhlobo zomanyolo wamaminerali, umthamo wazo we-apricot Favorite

Umuthi omanyolo we-apricot uyingozi kakhulu kunokuntuleka kwabo.

Ukuncipha

Abanye abalimi abangenalwazi kwesinye isikhathi baphuthelwa le ngxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwezihlahla minyaka yonke, futhi lokhu akufanele kwenziwe. Isayensi yokuziphatha kwezitshalo iyinkimbinkimbi kuphela lapho uqala ukubheka. Ngemuva kokutadisha ngokucophelela izinhlobo zezikhwebu nemithetho yokusebenzisa kwazo, ukuqonda ukuthi umqhele kufanele wakhiwe kanjani ngokufanele, umlimi ngemuva kwesikhathi uzobenza kalula futhi ngokuphumelelayo lomsebenzi.

Okuhlelekile

Kuma-apricot Favorit, kanye nomuthi omude kahle, ukwakheka komqhele wamaqhugwane amathathu, obizwa ngokuthi yi-sparse-tier, kufanelekile. I-oda lokwenza kwawo ukusebenza limi ngokulandelayo:

1. Ngemuva kokuthi i-sapling encane isindile ebusika bayo bokuqala, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kokudonswa, udinga ukusika wonke amagatsha "ungene endandeni", ngaphandle kwamabili noma amathathu, azosala akha ihlosi lokuqala. Abaphansi babo kufanele babe kude ne-30-40 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Bonke abanye, okubandakanya amagatsha amahlosi alandelayo, kufanele babe kude ukusuka komunye nomunye ngamasentimitha angama-25 ukuya ku-35. Umqhubi ophakathi kanye namagatsha wamathambo asele kufanele afinyezwe ngama-30- 40%.
2. Ngokuphumula kweminyaka engu-1-2, ngokohlelo olufanayo, kuqala owesibili bese kuthi kwakhiwa iziqu zesithathu. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi manje futhi bafinyeza amagatsha e-oda lesibili, aqala ukukhula kusuka kumathambo. Futhi ngonyaka wokugcina, umqhubi wesifundo usikiwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwesisekelo segatsha elingaphezulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukukhawula ukukhula kwesihlahla.
3. Eminyakeni elandelayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awukho amagatsha wamathambo athatha indima yomqhubi ophakathi futhi akaqhubeki nokukhula kwesihlahla ngobude. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, amagatsha esihlahla ngasinye kufanele abe nobude obufanayo futhi angabi ophakeme ngaphezu kwawomakhelwane.
   

   I-Apricot Favorit inikezwa ukwakheka komqhele we-sparse-tier

Inhlanzeko

Lolu uhlobo olulula kunazo zonke lokuthena izihlahla, olwaziwa nangokuthi umlimi ongenalwazi no-novice. Ngaphandle kokwazi noma yimiphi imithetho, umuntu ngokweqiniso uyakuqonda ukuthi kuyinto efiselekayo ukususa amagatsha omile. Ukugula nokuphukile, futhi. Ukucacisa, le nqubo ivame ukwenziwa ekwindla, lapho ingadi ilungiselelwe ubusika kanye nentwasahlobo yokuqala, uma kungeniswa amagatsha aqandayo noma aqhekekile phakathi nobusika.

Ezokulawula

Idizayinelwe ukuguqula ubungqabavu bomqhele Uma, ukukhula ngaphakathi, amahlumela asibekela umqhele, anciphile. Lo msebenzi uvame ukwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye ngokuthenwa kwendle. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngenxa yendalo ethandekayo, isakhiwo esingumqhele sesaqhele, lolu hlobo lokusika aluvamile ukusetshenziselwa lona. Futhi ehlobo, unqume izeluleko zamahlumela amancane, waminyaka yonke ngo-10-15 cm. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuxosha," inhloso yakho ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela amanye. Ngonyaka olandelayo bazonikeza izithelo ezengeziwe.

Ukulwa nokuguga

Lapho isihlahla esidala sinciphisa isivuno, izithelo zidlula emikhawulweni yamagatsha, unganweba isikhathi sokuzala ngokwenza kabusha.

Okokuqala, udinga ukudalula wonke amagatsha wamathambo ngaphakathi komqhele. Ngonyaka, inani elikhulu lamahlumela amancane lizovela kubo. Iziqongo ezikhulayo ziyasikwa, futhi izimbali eziningi zokuhluma kufanele zikha amahlumela zonyaka asele.

Futhi ungaqhuba nokusebenza okungathi sína - ungene esikhundleni samagatsha amabili - amathathu wamathambo amasha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bayasikwa, kusale ingxenye engama-30-40 cm. Ngonyaka olandelayo, kuzokhula amahlumela amaningi amancane, anqume konke kodwa elilodwa egatsheni ngalinye - eliqine kakhulu futhi elitholakala ngaphandle kwegatsha labazali. Kuzoba ukuqhubeka kwamagatsha amadala asikiwe.

Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, ngendlela efanayo, kuzokwazi ukufaka amanye amagatsha ama-2-3.

Ukugwema amaphutha ezitshalo

Noma yikuphi ukuthenwa, yize kusiza isihlahla, uma senziwe ngendlela engafanele, kungadala umonakalo, kwesinye isikhathi kuqakathekile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wokusika noma imaphi amagatsha, umlimi kufanele afunde imithetho eyisisekelo.

• Ungasondeli esihlahleni ngensimbi efuthelanayo. Imimese, i-hacksaws, ama-secateurs, ama-Delimbers, kufanele ihlale ilolwe kakhulu. Kulesi simo kuphela, izingcezu zizoba zihlanzekile, zibushelelezi. futhi kuzoba lula ukwelapha.
• Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ithuluzi kumele lihlaselwe magciwane ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa. Ngale njongo, utshwala, i-hydrogen peroxide, isisombululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi kufanelekile. Musa ukusebenzisa uphethiloli, upharafini neminye imikhiqizo kaphethiloli ukuthola amagciwane.
• Musa ukushiya imimese lapho izihlahla. Lapho zoma, zigcwala umswakama, ziba yisiphephelo samagciwane wezifo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi isikhunta, esidlula isikhathi esingathinta izinkuni ezinempilo, mhlawumbe zakha umgodi.
• Amagatsha amancanyana, asindayo kudingeka asikwe ezingxenyeni.
• Zonke izigaba ezinobubanzi obungaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa ziphathwa nge-var var yengadi. Lapho uyithenga, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ukwakheka kwayo akunayo imikhiqizo yamafutha (uphethiloli, uphethiloli, uphalafini, uphethiloli, njll.). I-var engadi enhle ingalungiswa kuphela ngesisekelo sezithako zemvelo - i-lanolin, i-beewax, njll.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Vele, udinga ukwazi izinambuzane eziphambili nezimpawu zezifo. Kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi futhi uthathe izindlela zokuzivikela.

Ukuvimbela

Ingadi lapho kwenziwa khona izindlela zokuvikela nokuhlanzeka ngesikhathi, izifo nezinambuzane ziyadlula. Umgcini wegadi udinga ukwazi ukuthi luhlobo luni lomsebenzi lo olwenziwe ngalo nokuthi luwenza nini.

Ukuwa

Isikhathi sokuhlela izinto engadini, uqoqe amaqabunga awileyo, usike amagatsha awomile futhi anezifo, ukhanyise umlilo omkhulu, emlilweni oshisiwe oshisa ngawo muhle kakhulu ukubhaka amazambane. Lapho umlotha uphola, kufanele uqoqwe futhi ugcinwe, ngoba ungumanyolo obalulekile wezimbiwa.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukufaka umucako othambile osamanzi, engeza i-1% yethusi sulfate bese wenza mhlophe amakhowe kanye namagatsha ezihlahla othambo. Ingadi iqala ukubukeka yinhle, kepha inhloso akuyona kuphela (futhi hhayi kangako) kulokhu - i-whitewash enjalo izovikela amagxolo esihlahla ekushisweni yilanga ebusika, futhi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo izomisa izinambuzane ezifuna ukukhuphuka umqhele wesihlahla ukwanelise indlala yazo ngokudla amabhlogo angavuvukalanga, kuphela ukuqhakaza izimbali, amaqabunga okuqala amnandi namaqanda.

I-Lime whitewash izovikela amagxolo e-apricot ekushisweni yilanga

Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuthatha ifosholo bese ugaya iziqu, uphazamise ngasikhathi sinye, izimbungulu, imikhaza nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi esezivele zangena ephutsheni lasebusika, ukuze zibhujiswe yiqhwa lasebusuku.

Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha i-sprayer bese uphatha imiqhele, iziqu kanye namagatsha ezihlahla, kanye nenhlabathi yeziqu zezihlahla, nesixazululo esingu-3% se-sulfate yethusi (ungathatha isisombululo esingu-5% we-iron sulfate noma ingxube yeBordeaux). Lo msebenzi olula uzokwenza amagciwane omhlabathi kanye nenhlabathi, uguqule izinhlobo zesikhunta nezinambuzane.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukukhosela izihlahla ezisencane kusuka kwisithwathwa ezindlini nokugoqa iziqu zabantu abadala asebekhulile ngezinto zokuphahla ukuze ama-hares angazilume.

Ubusika

Izikhathi eziningana phakathi nobusika udinga ukuvakashela ingadi ukuze ubabaze izihlahla zeqhwa kuphela, umbozwe ngenkani nge-hoarfrost, futhi ngasikhathi sinye uhlole isimo sazo. Kuzoba kuhle uma indawo yokukhosela yama-apricots amasha, nendawo yokubekisa yezithombo ezimbiwe (uma ikhona) inembozo ngeqhwa elingaba ngu-60 cm.

Ntwasahlobo

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, udinga ukukhipha iqhwa kweziqu zezihlahla, ususe okokukhosela bese uphatha izihlahla ngokulungiselela okunamandla okuvela kusikhunta, imikhaza nezinye izinambuzane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa okuvivinywe isikhathi eside:

• I-DNOC, okulungiselelwe okuyinkimbinkimbi, evimbela ukubonakala kwazo zonke izifo nezikhunta ezaziwayo, ingasetshenziswa kanye eminyakeni emithathu.
• INitrafen nayo iyisidakamizwa esiyinkimbinkimbi, singasetshenziswa kanye ngonyaka.
• I-Copper sulfate 3% solution.
• I-Bordeaux ingxube ka-5%.
• Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ungaqhubeka nokwelashwa ngezikhathi ngama-fungicides acashile (izidakamizwa ze-antifungal) kanye nama-insecticides (insecticides). Kufanele zisetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezithile ezichazwe kwimiyalo (imvamisa 2-3), ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwezimvula. Ekupheleni kokuvuthwa kwezithelo, kungasetjentiswa kuphela amalungiselelo wesikhathi esifushane sokulinda. Isibonelo, uHorus (wasebenzisa izinsuku ezingekho ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingama-7 ngaphambi kokudla amajikijolo) noma i-Quadris, isikhathi sokulinda siyizinsuku ezingama-3-5.

Hlola amagxolo ezihlahla. Uma kutholakala imifantu engaba khona ngesikhathi seqhwa ngokushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa njalo, kufanele ihlanzwe ngokuphelele, isuswe amagciwane nge-1% yethusi sulfate futhi imbozwe nge-varnish yengadi.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Cishe kungenzeka ukuthi umlimi ahlanganyele nazo uma enza kahle umsebenzi wokulungisa. Kepha uma kwenzeka, udinga ukwazi ukuthi izitshalo nezifo ezinesifo zibukeka kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu eziphambili zokubonakaliswa kwazo.

I-Kleasterosporiosis (indawo ebonakalayo)

Isifo sokukhunta. Kuyathinta amaqabunga, izithelo namahlumela ezitshalo. Imvamisa, izimpawu zokuqala zitholakala entwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amabala amancane ansundu (1-2 mm) abomvu ansundu emaqabungeni, athi ngokushesha, emavikini angama-1-2, akhule abe ngosayizi abangama-5-10 mm. Ukusuka ngaphakathi, amabala ayoma futhi alale ngokwanele, akha izimbobo. Emva kwalokho, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, omile futhi awe. Ngokuhlulwa okukhulu, okubizwa ngokuthi kuyathandwa, ukuwa kwamaqabunga ehlobo kwenzeka. Izindawo ezifanayo, amabala ansundu ngokubomvu nezimpawu zivela ezitsheni ezithintekile, ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme ziphenduka isibala esiqhubekayo. Ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides ngokuya ngemiyalo.

I-Moniliosis (ukushiswa kwezezimali)

Izikhala zikhunta zivame ukwethulwa, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, yizinyosi. Ukulandela imbali enegciwane, amahlumela amasha namaqabunga ayathinteka. Zisonteka njengokushiswa ne-sag. Ukuvimbela ukungenela okwengeziwe kwesikhunta, amahlumela athintekile adinga ukusikwa, athumba ama-20-30 cm ngokhuni olunempilo, mhlawumbe aze asuse negatsha ngokuphelele.

Ehlobo, ukhunta uthelela izithelo nge-grey bola bese uncibilikisa bese kumnyama mnyama. Izithelo ezinjalo kufanele zisuswe. Isitshalo esinezifo siphathwa nge-fungicides.

Cytosporosis

Kuthinta amagxolo esihlahla ngomonakalo kuwo. I-fungus, engena ngaphansi kwegxolo, ibangela ukuvuvukala kwayo, ukwakheka kwamashubhu nemibimbi. Indawo ethintekile yamagxolo iyoma futhi imbozwe imifantu, lapho izinsini ziqala ukubonakala. Futhi, amaqabunga, izimbali, amaqanda okulenga esihlahleni ngaphandle kokuwa owomile esihlahleni esithintekile. Ukwelashwa kuncishiswa ekususeni amagatsha athintekile ngokuphelele nokwelashwa nge-fungicides. Ukuvimbela kuyinto ejwayelekile echazwe ngenhla.

Igalari Yezithombe: Izifo Ezinkulu Zama-apricot

I-Weevil bhungane

Ubusika buqhekeka emagangeni esihlahla, ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ikhuphukela emqhele bese iqala ukudla ama-buds, ama-buds, ama-ovari, amaqabunga. Ngalesi sikhathi, amabhungane angaqoqwa ngesandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa indwangu esatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwesihlahla bese unyakazisa izinambuzane ezilele kuyo. Njengoba amabhungane ekulesi simo kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphansi (aze afike ku- + 5 ° C), khona-ke ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele leli thuba lizophuthelwa. Futhi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides, ngokwesibonelo, i-Decis.

Ama-aphid

Imvamisa ithwalwa emthini yizintuthwane. Ihlala ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olungaphakathi lwamaqabunga, bese ihluma amahlumela amasha. Kungokwesigaba sokuncela. Lapho kudliwa inyama ethambile yamaqabunga, ayancipha, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokufafaza ngama-insecticides (Decis, Fufanon). Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, kuyathandeka ukusika wonke amaqabunga asontekile.

I-Khrushchev

Lezi izibungu zamabhungane ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-weevils (enayo encane, ukusuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 mm), ngoMeyi (20-25 mm) nabanye. Khipha ekuqaleni kukaJuni amaqanda abekwe enhlabathini. Bazondla ngezimpande ze-apricot, ezingadala umonakalo omkhulu. Ukuze ulwe ne-khrushchah, kuyadingeka ukuphatha inhlabathi nge-Diazonin. Isebenza amasonto amathathu, ayiqoqeki emhlabathini futhi ayiweli ezithelweni.

Igalari yezithombe: Izilokazane Ezithandekayo Ze-Apricot

Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga

Ngihlanganyela ekuqaphelwayo ngobulukhuni busika bezinye izinhlobo ze-apricot ezivame esifundeni saseMoscow. Ngo-2012, izithombo zezinhlobo zeFavorit ne-Aquarius zathengwa emakethe futhi zatshalwa esizeni. Ebusika bonyaka ka-2012/13, bahlupheka kahle: iFavorite iqandiswe kancane, kanti u-Aquarius akazange aqandiswe iqhwa nakancane. Ubusika bonyaka ka-2013/14 buthathe kanzima kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili: cishe wonke umqhele wakhululwa ku-Favorite, kwathi ingxenye yawo yaphuma kwi-Aquarius. Ehlobo, izihlahla ngokwengxenye zikwazile ukubuyisela umqhele, kepha ukuba lukhuni kwazo ebusika kuyangabaza.

UGartner

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Intandokazi yami eningizimu yesifunda saseMoscow yakhula ngesihlahla sikanokusho, ukukhula kwakhula ngokushesha ehlobo lika-2010 futhi kuleli hlobo, kungu-120-150 cm ngokwesilinganiso. Lesi sihlahla besiqhakaza entwasahlobo, kepha ehlobo kuphela izithelo ezivuthiwe (ezihlwabusayo), kwathi ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba zaphuka umoya onamandla cishe lapho impela, kwasala isiphunzi samasentimitha angama-20-30. Lapho ihlolwa eduze, izinkuni ezaziphakathi kwesiqu sesithwathwa zaqandeka.

i-aprel

//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=707723

Isifunda saseMoscow siyindawo efanayo yesimo sezulu emine, kepha lapho ubusika buhamba phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-20 bese bufika ezinsukwini ezingama-20 ngaphambili, ngakho-ke i-apricot Favorit efanayo ayivuthi kwesinye isikhathi. Izinhlobonhlobo zamalokishi ayaziwa, njengoba namagama alabo abazitholayo - Tsarsky, Favorit nabanye. I-Favorite efakwe kulo nyaka, yize isisindo sayo sincane, i-5.0 pecked on ukunambitheka ngokusho kweminye imithombo, ngokusho kwabanye - 4.5.

isiqaqa

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Okuthandekayo phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo, kugqame phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zokulwa nesithwathwa, ukunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo. Ngalesi sakhiwo, izakhamizi zaseSifunda saseMoscow ziyamthethelela ngokungakhiqizi ngokwanele nokuthi iqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni ethile amajikijolo akhe awanaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokuwa. Izinhlobonhlobo ngokuzethemba zinganconyelwa ukulinyelwa, phakathi kwabanye, ngaphambili, okuzoqinisekisa esikhathini esibi.