Wonke umuntu ujwayelene ne-ivy, ngoba lesi sitshalo singabonakala ezindongeni zokuhlobisa emasimini, noma ensimini eceleni komgwaqo, emthunzini obala. Namuhla sizofunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yibuphi, ukuthi ungayandisa kanjani, nokuthi ngabe idinga izimo ezikhethekile. Labo abanquma ukuzala u-ivy kufanele balungiselele ubunzima obuthile.
Ivy (vilitsa)
Ivy iyinhlobo yezitshalo ezisemndenini we-Araliaceae. I-genus ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingu-16, ezihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo eziningi.
I-Ivy, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo noma uhlobo oluhlukahlukene, unesiqu esinyukayo, futhi zonke izihlahla. Amahlumela abo ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: izimbali kanye non-izimbali. Ngezimbali zihlumela amaqabunga amaqabunga aqoshwe ngombala obala ohlaza okhanyayo noma obala, abe nesimo se-ovate noma se-oblong. Emaqabunga angaveli ebunzini amnyama futhi angena-angular.
Isithelo yi-berry encane enemibala emnyama noma ephuzi. 
Kukhona isitshalo ezindaweni lapho kunesimo sezulu esinomswakama.
Uyazi? Ivy ibamba emoyeni izinhlanganisela ezinobungozi kubantu njenge-formaldehydes ne-benzenes. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo singasetshala hhayi kuphela umhlobiso, kodwa futhi ukutshala ukwakheka komoya.
Lesi sitshalo singandisa ngembewu, kodwa le ndlela ayisebenzisi ku-horticulture, futhi imbewu ihamba kuphela ngokudla kwesilwane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imbewu, njengoba kunjalo nangamanye amasiko amaningi, ungalondolozi ikhwalithi yesitshalo somzali. Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, isitshalo sisakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili kuphela: ukubeka nokusika.
Ukukhuphula ivy kusuka ku-cuttings
Ukusika kungendlela elula yokuthola izinto zokutshala. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-ivy zikhula ngokushesha kangangokuthi isitshalo ngeke sibone nokulahlekelwa amahlumela amaningana.
Ividiyo: ivy ukusakazwa by cuttings
Izinsuku zokugcina zokuthenga
Ukulungiselela kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma kulo lonke ihlobo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuphunyuka komzimba kuphela kusetshenziselwa ukusika. Amahlumela aluhlaza oketshezi amancane angcono ukungathinti, njengoba ehlumela kancane kancane, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi (snap ebandayo noma umswakama ophezulu) uqala ukubola.
I-ivy ivyenye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu zasendlini, futhi i-Canary neyensimu yezithelo zithandwa kakhulu.
Kungcono ukungenzi ukuhlanganiswa ekwindla, njengoba isitshalo sokulungiselela ubusika, ngokulandelana, akukhulisi amahlumela engeziwe, kodwa izitolo zinezakhi ezingxenyeni ezingenhla nangaphansi komhlaba. Uma usika amahlumela ambalwa, isihlahla esincane singase sibe nezinkinga, ngenxa yokuthi ngeke sisinde ebusika. 
Ungalungisa kanjani futhi uthande izimpande
Ukukhiqizwa, kusetshenziswe amahlumela wonyaka, lapho kunezimpande ezincane ezithandekayo, noma ama-rudiments abonakalayo. Okulandelayo, ulinganise u-10-14 cm, bese wenza ukusika kwe-oblique. Esibambeni kufanele kube amaqabunga aphilile, kanye okungenani node eyodwa eyakhiwe.
Ividiyo: ukuqothula izithelo ze-ivy nge-perlite Khona-ke zonke amaqabunga aphansi (eduze kwe-cut) asusiwe, emva kwalokho ingxenye engezansi yehlumela idonsa kwisithuthukisi se-root growth stimulator. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiqu sitshalwe engxenyeni yesihlabathi nomhlaba ngo-1: 1 isilinganiso.
Kubalulekile! Sijulisa indaba yokutshala kuphela okwesithathu. Umhlabathi akufanele ube amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwalokho uzobola.
Uma isimo sesimo sezulu sihamba kahle, izimbiza / amabhokisi anezibuko zingeniswa ngaphandle. Esimweni esihlukile, kungcono ukushiya iziqukathi nge-cuttings ku-greenhouse noma ekamelweni elihle.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, ungatshala kahle isitshalo endaweni enomphela.
Imithetho yokufika
Uma ukhetha indawo enomphela yesitshalo esincane, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ivy ithanda umthunzi noma umthunzi oyingxenye, kanye nomhlabathi onomsoco owanele.
Ividiyo: indlela yokutshala ivy Uma umhlabathi omuhle usuvele uthathiwe, ke uma utshalwa, engeza inani elincanyana lama humus noma umquba. Ngemva kwalokho, kuyoba okwanele ukugcina umswakama.
Qinisekisa ukuthi unake i-acidity ye-substrate. I-Ivy izofa uma itshalwe enhlabathini enomsoco. Ukusabela kumele kungathathi hlangothi noma ku-alkaline.
Thola ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi i-asidi yenhlabathi ibaluleke kangakanani ezitshalweni, ukuthi unquma kanjani ukuthi i-acidity yenhlabathi isayithi, kanjani ukukhipha umhlabathi, nokuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani inhlabathi.
Indawo engcono ye-ivy - indawo emanzi ngaphansi komqhele wesihlahla esikhulu, esiseduze nocingo. Endaweni enjalo ivy ngeke zikhule kahle kuphela, kodwa futhi zihlobisa ucingo.
Ezindaweni ezinkulu ezivulekile, lesi sitshalo ngeke sibe usizo, futhi kuyodingeka ukuba sinakekele njengesitshalo esivuna kakhulu, ngoba lapho kungekho khona umthunzi, umswakama uzothuthuka ngokushesha kakhulu kwi-substrate.
Indlela yokusakazwa kwe-ivy layering
Ukhiqizwa ngokubeka phansi kuyindlela elula yokuthola izitshalo ezimbalwa ezisha, ngoba esiteji sokuqala ngeke kudingeke uthathe okuthile esihlahleni somama.
Okokuqala udinga ukugudluza eduze nendawo ehlathini izimpande ezimbalwa ezingajulile emhlabathini. Okulandelayo, ukhethe amahlumela aphansi awakhiwe, uwabeke emiphakathini, bese i-prikopat. Ukukhululeka ngokukhululekile emhlabathini, futhi kaningi futhi wenze isisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. 
Ukusabalalisa ngokubeka kufanele kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ukuze amadevu asuselwe ngesikhathi sokukhula anesikhathi sokudala i-rhizome. Ukuhlukaniswa esihlahleni somzali kukhishwa ekwindla ekuqaleni noma entwasahlobo ezayo.
Uyazi? Ukukhishwa kwe-Ivy kuvame ukusetshenziswa emithi yendabuko. Ngokwakhe, ukuxubana nokukhwehlela kwe-asthma kukhiqizwa, okungasetshenziswa ukuphatha izingane ezincane, kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Njengoba ubona, le ndlela ayiyona eyingozi kumzali wesitshalo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa ukukhiqiza inqwaba ye-ivy encane.
Izici ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukuze isitshalo sizizwe kahle futhi sibe nokubukeka okuhle, kubalulekile ukunamathela eminye imithetho ekunakekeleni.
Ukunambitheka nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Ukuthungatha imbobo kuyadingeka ngezizathu ezimbili: ukulondoloza umswakama emhlabathini, kanye nokuvikela ngokumelene neqhwa ebusika.
Futhi, i-mulch izondla umhlabathi, ngakho akukho isidingo sokukhulelwa okunye. I-Peat, i-humus noma i-compost ihle kakhulu njengento ehlanganisayo.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde ukuthi kungani udinga ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi.
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa utshani owomile, utshani noma i-sawdust, njengoba izimpande ezihlukahlukene ziqala emanzini amaningi, futhi ngesikhathi semvula ende, i-sawdust izobangela ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lubole, futhi kuvimbele ukufinyelela kwomoya-mpilo.
I-mulch ihlelwe izikhathi eziningana ukuze isendlalelo esikhulu "singafihli" amahlamvu, angawalala. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ubuningi bokungqimba kufanele bwandiswe ukuze i-mulch isebenze umsebenzi we-thermos ebusika. 
Ukudla njengempahla ye-mulch Uma ngesizathu esithile wenqabe ukubeka ungqimba we-mulch, kufanele nakanjani ukhule ukhula njalo, ikakhulukazi uma kunezinhlabathi ezinzima zobungozi kusayithi, njengoba kunenkinga yokuhlinzeka nge-oxygen.
Kubalulekile! I-mulch ayihambisani uma i-ivy itshalwa njengesitshalo somhlabathi. Kulesi simo, kufanele umboze isihlahla ngeqhwa.
Izitshalo zokunisela ezifanele
Ivy uthanda umswakama, Nokho, njenganoma yimuphi omunye isitshalo, ungahlushwa izimpande ezibola. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuchelela okufanele.
Kumele uvimbele inhlabathi ekumeni, okungukuthi, ukuphuza lapho kungekho mvula, okunciphisa umswakama wenhlabathi. Ukunisela kwenziwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula. Akudingekile ukukhukhumeza isihlahla ekwindla, njengoba lokhu kuzoholela ekuqotheni ngokweqile uhlelo lwempande.
Ivy izihlahla
Ngandlela-thile, ingxenye yamahlumela angenhla-mhlaba izokhipha isikhathi eside ebusika, emva kwalokho uzodinga ukwenza izihlahla ezifanele.
Ukusika ngokufanele kuhilela ukukhipha amahlumela abomile, abonakalisiwe namaqhwa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, le nqubo ayikwenziwa, ngoba ukuphathwa okunjalo kuzodala kakhulu isimo se-ivy. Ukufeza izihlahla ezihlanzekile kufanele zibe sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo ngeke sihlupheke. 
Uma kungenjalo nje amahlumela waminyaka yonke afriziwe, kodwa futhi ihlumela elinesisindo esikhulu, izingosi zokusika kufanele ziphathwe nge-garden pitch ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezifo.
Indlela yokubhekana nezifo ezinkulu nezinambuzane ze-ivy
I-Ivy ijwayele izilonda ezihlukahlukene ezingahle zichithe ukubukeka kwayo noma zibhubhise lesi sitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ngabo kusengaphambili ukuze kutholakale futhi kuqedwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:
- Isibungu se-spider. Lezi zinambuzane zithanda ukuxazulula izitshalo zombili zangaphandle nangaphandle. Okudingekayo ukuba kwenzeke kuyo kunciphisa umswakama emoyeni. I-Mite ayibekezelelisi umswakama ophezulu. Lezi zinambuzane zondla ama-juice we-ivy, zenza uhlobo lwesigubhu kumafleji alo ashukela. Ikholoni enkulu ingabangela ukufa kwezinhlamvu ezincane noma ezinkulu. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali, kufanele ufafaze izingxenye ezingenhla ukuze ukwandise umswakama jikelele. Izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ziyasetshenziswa: "Aktellik", "Fitoverm", "Neoron", "Apollo". Zonke lezi zidakamizwa zisiza ukususa isitshalo somuthi noma yiluphi uhlobo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokubhekana nezibungu zesicabucabu.
- Aphid. Enye inambuzane ezondla ezondla uketshezi cishe zonke izitshalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inhlekelele ingabonakali kanjani, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhumbule ukuthi i-aphid ayihambeli kuphela ngosizo lwezintuthwane, kodwa futhi yodwa, njengoba inamaphiko. Ukuze uvikele ukusabalala kokutheleleka engadini, kubalulekile ukuphatha isihlahla ngezinambuzane ezilandelayo ukukhetha kusuka: "Karbofos", "Intavir", "Iskra", "Komandor".
- Shchitovka. Izinambuzane ezingathandeki ezilukhuni ukuziqeda, futhi izibungu zazo azithathi ikhemistry, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okukhulu, i-ivy izocubungulwa izikhathi eziningana. I-Shchitovka nayo isondeza izinambuzane ezibangelwa ukukhula ukuvimbela, kanye nokubola kwamahlamvu. Ngokuvamile izinambuzane ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa ukulwa: "Aktara", "Phosbecid", "Aktellik".
Kufanele futhi sikhulume ngezifo. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-ivy isetshenziselwa imithi ngesizathu. Ukwakhiwa kwamaqabunga kanye namahlumela kubandakanya izinto ezibhubhisa amabhaktheriya nefungi. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi i-ivy ayithinteki izifo, futhi ukuwohloka kokubukeka kuhlobene ngokuqondile nezimo ezimbi noma umsebenzi wezinambuzane.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokukhetha okuhle kwendawo, ivy ingaba umhlobiso wangempela wesayithi lakho. Into eyinhloko okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi iyakhula, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyihlwanyela eceleni kwezitshalo noma izakhiwo ezibalulekile.
Abasebenzisi benethiwekhi ekukhiqizeni i-ivy
