I-Juniper iba isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu emasimini asekhaya, naphezu kokuthi indawo yokuzalwa yase-United States. I-Juniper ibaluleka ngokubukeka kwayo okuhlobisa, umbala ocebile kanye nezinaliti ezinzima futhi iyaqhubeka isetshenziselwa izakhiwo zensimu zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, imibhede yemifula nezindlela.
I-Juniper - Lokhu kuyisihlahla esivamile. Emibhokisini mayelana nezitshalo abavame ukuzibuza: kungakanani umjunipha ohlala khona? Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, i-shrub ingaphila iminyaka engaba ngu-200, nendlela yokutshala umjunipha ongenhla, nendlela yokulondoloza kahle lesi sibindi eside, sizokhuluma kulesi sihloko.
I-Juniper enezingqimba: incazelo
Abalimi abaningi, bezwe ngomjunipha, banenkcazelo engacacile yalokho uhlobo lwesitshalo. Abamele umjunipha ongezansi babe nencazelo elandelayo: i-shrub ephansi ehlala njalo ephakeme (ukuphakama kuze kufike ku-20 cm), enomqhele omkhulu wokuhlukanisa, ububanzi bayo bufinyelela ku-180 cm. Amagatsha ayingqayizivele, ehlanganiswe phezulu. Ubude be-needle - 3-5 mm. Umbala uhlaza noma uhlaza-oluhlaza.
Uyazi? Ngoba umjunipha wasebusika ubumnyama futhi ungathola umthunzi omnyama obumnyama.Imbali iqhuma ngoMeyi, iveza izithelo ngoJuni-Julayi, izithelo zokuqala zivela ngonyaka wesibili wokukhula. I-shishkoyagod emnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kwezinye izinhlobo zingase zibe mnyama), ubukhulu buka-5-6 mm ububanzi. Ukungahambi kahle kwembali ukuthi umjunipha ukhula kancane kancane futhi ukhula u-10 cm ngaphezu konyaka.
Eminyakeni yamuva, abalimi baye baletha izinhlobo eziningi zemjunipha ephakathi, okuyinto phakathi kwazo yizinhlobonhlobo ezincane ezifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-10 cm, nezinhlobo ezide - kuze kube ngu-50 cm.Ukukhula nokunakekela umjunipha okuzungezile, izici zokutshala
Umjunipha ovuthiwe awudingi ukucabangela okukhethekile uma utshala futhi unakekelwa, noma kunjalo kukhona ukuqonda okudingeka ukwazi. Mayelana nokuthi uzotshala kanjani umjunipha, futhi ukuthi uzokujabulisa kanjani ngomphumela walo wokuhlobisa, sizokhuluma ngokuqhubekayo.
Isidingo semjunipha enezingqimba emhlabathini
Ukuze ukhule ngokujwayelekile umjunipha, kungcono ukhethe umhlabathi we-loamy noma unesihlabathi onomsoco futhi unomsoco. Ukungahambisani kufanele kube okungahle kube khona, nangomfula omuhle, ngoba ezindaweni ezinzima zobumba lapho amanzi ehla khona, umjunipha ngeke ukhule.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuxuba inhlabathi kuyoba okulandelayo: amasheya amabili ama-humus kufanele ahlanganiswe nezingxenye ezimbili zezwe le-sod, engeza u-2 amasheya we-peat no-1 ingxenye yesihlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Umjunipha ovundlile "awunamatheli" izakhi eziwusizo ovela enhlabathini, kodwa futhi usebenza njengodokotela "wenhlabathi", okuvimbela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokukhanyisa i-juniper
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala isitshalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi umjunipha uzokukhula kangcono. Okuhle kakhulu endaweni efudumele yemifino, izindawo ezikhanyisiwe. Naphezu kokuthi umjunipha ubekezelela ukushintsha okusheshayo ekushiseni, kungcono ukhethe indawo evikelwe emoyeni.
Indlela yokutshala i-juniper enezingqimba, uhlelo
Ukutshala umjunipha ogcwele, njengenqubo yonke yokulima, akuyona inkimbinkimbi ikakhulukazi. Uhlelo lokufika lulula, kodwa konke kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane futhi ngokucophelela:
- umgodi kufanele ube mkhulu kunezilinganiso, kabili, nobubanzi bawo kufanele udlule ububanzi bomsuka ngendwangu yomhlaba izikhathi ezingu-2.5;
- kuyadingeka (!) ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwegodi;
- ngaphambi kokutshala umquba emhlabathini, kufanele ususe i-disinfected kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate;
- lapho umgodi ugcwele isigamu sigcwele inhlabathi, kubalulekile ukuthululela ibhakede lamanzi kuwo bese utshala isithombo;
- ukutshala emgodini kudinga ukutshala ngendwangu yomhlaba;
- ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezindala kufanele libe okungenani ngamamitha ayi-1.5;
- Izithombo ezitshalwe ngokushesha kufanele zihlanganiswe nge-sawdust noma amahlamvu (ungqimba 5-8 cm).
Uyazi? Ukwenza umjunipha uphumeke kangcono, ungangezela i-rotor emanzini okunisela.
Izici zokunakekela umjunipha
Umjunipha - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, hhayi kuphela ekukhetheni kwenhlabathi, kodwa futhi ekunakekeleni. Ukuze i-juniper ihlale ikhululekile idinga ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukudla okuphezulu, kanye nokusika izihlahla.
Indlela yokunakekela nokunakekela umjunipha
Umjunipha ubekezelela isomiso okwesikhashana futhi udinga ukuchelela okwengeziwe kuphela ezikhathini ezishisayo ikakhulukazi. Ukuze kugcinwe izinga elanele lemiswakama, akudingeki ukuba nje amanzi aphuze kuphela, kepha futhi ahlanza isitshalo. Khona-ke ngisho nangenkathi ebhisayo, umjunipha uzokujabulela ngombala wayo ogqamile. Nisela amanzi isitshalo ngokuvikela kangcono amanzi alula. Kanye nokunisela, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi, ezosiza izimpande ukuba zondliwe nge-oxygen.
Kubalulekile! Uma umjunipha ukhula endaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba asondelene nesimiso sesitshalo, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela nangokwemvelo, ngoba umjunipha awubekezeleli amanzi anele.
IJuniper enezingqimba: umanyolo nokugqoka okuphezulu
I-Juniper ayidingi isidlo esivamile futhi esinamandla. Entwasahlobo emhlabathini yenza nitroammofosku ngesilinganiso sika 30-40 g ngemitha yendawo ngayinye. Uma utshala emhlabathini njengomanyolo, ungafaka igobolondo le-peat noma i-pine nut. Enye i-nitroammofoski ingaba umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezinkukhu. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umanyolo onjalo ngokucophelela, ngokulandela iziyalezo. Esikhathini esomile ikakhulukazi, umjunipha ongenhla ungadliwa nge-nitrogen fertilizer.
Uyazi? Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa inkomo noma izinyoni ze-humus, imikhiqizo yemvelaphi enjalo iyingozi futhi ingashisa "isitshalo sesitshalo."
Izici zemijunipha enezingqimba, ukugoba
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umjunipha ongezansi, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela amahlumela abonakalisiwe. Ukusika izimpungushe kwenziwa ngonyaka kanye futhi kufanele kube buthakathaka kakhulu. Esikhathini esivamile, izihlahla ezomile nezigulayo ziyasuswa, kanti uma izihlahla zihlahlala umqhele, amahlumela enempilo angasuswa, kodwa atheleke kufinyelele ku-7 cm, ngoba uma amahlumela enqunywe kakhulu, isitshalo singagula.
Ukusabalalisa komjunipha okuzungezile
Umjunipha ungasakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili: imbewu kanye nokudla (ukuhlanganiswa). Cabanga ngalezi zindlela ezimbili ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukusika nge "isithende" kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka. Esikhathini somuthi omdala, kuyadingeka ukusika isikhala esingu-12 cm, ukuze u-2-3 cm we-stem ahlale kuso. Kubalulekile ukususa zonke izinaliti ezivela ekusikeni bese uzibeka emanyolo wamanzi ngosuku ukuze udale izimpande ngokushesha. Khona-ke ama-cuttings ahlwanyelwe emabhodini, ewafaka ngamasentimitha amathathu, enhlanganeni yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 1. I-cuttings kumele iphuze futhi ihlanganiswe ne-foil. Kubalulekile ukugcina iziqukathi nomjunipha ohlwanyelwe endaweni yokushisa engaphansi kwe-22 ° ะก, ukususa ifilimu embizeni njalo amahora amahlanu.
Inhlabathi kufanele igcinwe imanzi njalo. Izimpande zokuqala zizovela enyangeni nengxenye, futhi kuzokwenzeka ukufakelwa izitshalo zibe yizimbiza ezinyangeni ezimbili, futhi eminyakeni engu-2-3 ukuzitshala endaweni enomphela.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu akubandakanyi nje ukuhlwanyela imbewu, kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa nokuqamba kwazo.
Kubalulekile! Ezinye izinhlobo zomjunipha azikwazi ukusakazwa yizimbewu, ngokuvamile zibizwa nge-F1.
Ungahlwanyela kuphela ukuthenga imbewu, kodwa futhi uqoqwe kusuka ezitshalweni zazo. Inqubo yokuqhafaza yile ndlela elandelayo: Faka i-peat ebhokisini, ufafaze imbewu phezulu bese uwamboza ngesendlalelo esifanayo. Shiya ibhokisi ngaphandle kwebusika lonke nenyanga yokuqala entwasahlobo. Ngo-May, ungaqala imbewu yokutshala. Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuhlwanyela, kubalulekile ukugcina imbewu enesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (3%) imizuzu engama-30, bese ubamba amahora amabili kumanyolo omanyolo bese uhlwanyela endaweni elungiselelwe ngokuvumelana nesimo se-50 × 80.
Ukuphikiswa komjunipha okuzungezile izifo nezinambuzane
Kuzo izinkundla, ungavame ukuthola izibuyekezo ukuthi umjunipha uphenduka ngokuphuzi, uphuthumele omile, ukukhula kwefungal kuvela esiqwini, ukuqala abalimi abazi ukuthi benzeni ezimweni ezinjalo. Lezi zibonakaliso ziyizifo zezifo ezifana ne-fusarium (ngenxa yobuningi obuningi), ukugqwala (izingxube eziphakeme zikasawoti emhlabathini ozungeze isihlahla), isifo se-fungal schütte (nge-shading kakhulu).
Zonke lezi zifo zenzeka ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele kwesitshalo. Ukulwa nezifo, kubalulekile ukwelapha i-shrub nge-fungicides ne-Bordeaux uketshezi. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukususa masinyane zonke izinto eziwile phansi kwehlathini, kanye nokuhlanza ngokucophelela.
Kusuka ezinambuzanini zensiza zingalwela ukuhlasela i-aphid, i-scytwick ne-spider mite. Ukulawulwa kwalezi zinambuzane kulula: ziyakwazi ukuqoqwa ngesandla (kubalulekile ukuthi zenze amagilavu), zibhubhise izintuthwane (ziyi-"harbingers" yama-aphid), futhi ziphathe ne-shrub ngezinambuzane namanzi asozini.
Njengoba ubona, akunzima nakancane ukukhula umjunipha ongenhla endaweni yangakithi. Udinga nje ukuthi ube nesineke futhi wenze umzamo omncane, futhi egcekeni lakho kuzoba yingxenye enhle kakhulu yokuhlobisa.
