Isitshalo kuphela esimele umndeni weNepentov yiNepentes (imbiza).
Le mbali yezilwane ezidliwayo iqanjwe ngemuva kotshani odumile wokuqothulwa - umlungu wezinganekwane zaseGrisi yasendulo. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa yi-Asia esishisayo, isiqhingi saseKalimantan, iziqhingi zaseSeychelles, iMadagascar, iNew Guinea neCaledonia, iNyakatho Australia.
Ukubukeka nezici zamaNepentes
Ngokuyisisekelo, izinhlobonhlobo zazo zingama-semi-noma ama-shrub hlobo ama-lianas, ama-mixotrophs angasebenzisa imithombo ehlukahlukene yomsoco kusuka ezintweni kusuka enhlabathini kuya ekuqothulweni kwezinambuzane. Bafaka izihlahla ezingomakhelwane ezineziqu ezinde, ezacile, ezinotshani noma ezinemikhono emincane, bese, bezikhwela, ziphakamisa ama-inflorescence elangeni ngendlela yamabhulashi noma ama-panicles.
Kushiya ngama-nepenthes wezinhlobo ezimbili. Ezinye ezinkulu ezilula, ezinomphimbo okhonjiwe, zitholakala ngokuhlukile. Eminye imise okwenziwe ngembobo, lapho isitshalo sathola ngayo igama lesibili. Zihlanganiswe ne-petiole, ingxenye yokuqala eluhlaza futhi iyisicaba, i-photosynthesis yenzeka kuyo, kuthi eyesibili yinde futhi ibe mncane, iphetha ngomgibe wokuqala wamaqabunga. Kungalesi petiole lapho isitshalo sithwebula izinambuzane.
Emaphethelweni ayo kukhona amaseli afaka uketshezi olunoshukela, futhi kunezinwele ezinzima ezivimba isisulu ekuphumeni kwejeke. Wehlela phansi i-wax, enikeza indawo ebushelelezi yamaqabunga. Ngaphakathi kwejug kunamanzi lapho okucwwile khona kucwilisa. Ngaphansi kwesicupho, kwakhiwa i-enzyme yokugaya edonsa lesi sinambuzane. Iqabunga elingajwayelekile lingafinyelela ku-50 cm. Umbala usuka kokumhlophe uye onsundu, uvame ukukhanya kakhulu.
Izimbali zincanyana futhi azibonakali, ngakho-ke amajegi ahlala enephutha ngawo.
Izinhlobo zamaNepentes
AmaNepent anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, inzalo ehlukahlukene efuywa abafuyi.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Raja | Ijugs zayo zi-burgundy, nsomi, zifinyelela ku-50 cm. Ngisho nezilwane ezincane nezinyoni ziwela kuzo. Futhi uvumela omiyane ukuba bahambe, njengoba bengabasizi bokuzala kwakhe. |
| I-Attenborough | Ukuphakama - 1.5 m, ukuqina kwesiqu esingu-3.5 cm, iqabunga lomcako elinemisipha ebubende - 25 cm. |
| Pitcher | Ubumbano, izicupho zincanyana, ziluhlaza okotshani, kodwa ziningi. |
| Kuboshwe | Kukhulu, kufana ne-rajah. |
| UMiranda | Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza, esinamaqabunga afana neflask, esinophondo olubomvu olukhanyayo nemivimbo kulo lonke ubude. |
| Onamaphiko | Ukuphakama ekhaya - 2 m. Kusetshenziswe kahle ekuzaleni kwasendlini, njengoba kungafuneki kakhulu kumswakama (okwanele 50-60%), uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Izicupho ziluhlaza ngokubomvu. |
| ISanguine | Amajeji anemibala ebomvu yegazi ka-10-30 cm, angaba orenji noma aphuzi. |
| Hookayeza | Ukuhla komswakama ophezulu. Indlu ikhule kuphela ku-terrarium eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile. Izicupho ziphuzi ngezindawo eziseceleni. |
| Raffleza | Ingxenye yokuqala yeqabunga ifinyelela ku-50 cm, bese kuthi elincane lingabi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm, kube luhlaza okotshani ngombala onamabala abomvu, ngaphakathi kube ne-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| I-Bicuspid | Ingxenye ebanzi ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm, futhi isicupho sicishe sibe ngu-15 cm. |
| Kunqunyiwe | Amajezi angama-50 cm, umbala omnyama, onsundu. |
Nakekela ikhaya nepenthes ekhaya
Lesi sitshalo sifunwa kakhulu futhi kunzima ukusigcina endlini.
| I-Factor | Izimo | |
| Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika | |
| Indawo | IWindows eningizimu-ntshonalanga nasempumalanga eseningizimu. Awukwazi ukushintshanisa imbali, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kudale amajegi amasha. Uma ngabe bekufanele uyihambise, isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa naso sizohlala izinyanga ezi-2. Ayikubekezeleli okusalungiswa, yize umoya omusha uyithanda. Ukusekelwa kuyadingeka, kufanele kufakwe lapho kudluliswa isitshalo sonyaka owodwa. | |
| Isibani | Ama-prefers asakazeke kahle (amahora ayi-14-16 ngosuku). | |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ... +24 ° C. Ku-+ 35 ° C nangaphezulu izokufa. | +20 ° C. Ukubhukuda kuyabulala. |
| Umswakama | Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, lenyuke (okungenani i-80%). Kuhle ukugcina lesi sitshalo e-florarium noma e-terrarium. | |
| Ukunisela | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2 epanini, ukuthumela amanzi isikhathi eside akubekezeleli. Kungcono ukufafaza njalo; amanzi akufanele avunyelwe ukungena izicupho. Amabhati anconywa kanye ngenyanga. | Kanye ngesonto. |
| Inhlabathi | I-Peat, i-sphagnum, isihlabathi (2: 1: 0.5). I-primer yama-orchid ngokufakwa kwe-moss. | |
| Imbiza | Ipulasitiki, ebanzi, engajulile. Ngezansi kwedamu 1/3. Mboza inhlabathi ngenhla. | |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Phonsa isinambuzane esisodwa esiphakathi kwe-1/3 yejuzi kanye ngenyanga. Ungondli ukudla okwenziwe ngokudla (inyama, inhlanzi) izicupho zingabola kulokhu. Uma kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa, sebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali wama-orchid okungenani ngenyanga. Thatha umthamo kathathu ngaphansi kwemiyalo. Kungcono ukufaka isicelo ngokufafaza. | Ungondli. |
Ungazidlulisela kanjani amaNepentes
Isitshalo asithandi ukuphazamiseka (musa ukufakelwa ngemuva kokutholwa). Yenza lokhu kuphela uma kwenzeka kugcwala izimpande (ngemuva kweminyaka engaba ngu-2-3) nangokubukeka kokubumba.
Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:
- Ngokudlulisa, imbali idonswa kubhodi ebanzi nejulile.
- Ukudonswa kwamanzi okuphoqelekile ngaphansi kanye nama-moss ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
- AmaNepent awondliwanga inyanga. Bheka ngokuqinile imibuso yokunisela.
- Nikeza ukukhanyisa okufanele kanye lokushisa. Kufafazwe nge-biostimulator yokukhula kabili.
Ukwakheka kweNepenthes
Ukwakha ifomu elihlotshiswe kakhudlwana, qamba kabusha isihlahla, usike usinciphise. Lokhu kuvusa ukwakheka kwama-pitchers amasha. Isikhathi esihle intwasahlobo. Isikhonkwane sokuqala, lapho isitshalo siba namaqabunga okungenani ayisithupha.
Ijuba likhiqiza i-enzyme, ngakho-ke, uma ichithwe, awukwazi ukuyondla, kufanele uthele amanzi ayi-1/3 kuwo.
Izici zokuzala kabusha kwama-nepenthes
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokukhulisa iNepentes entsha:
- ukusika;
- ukuhlelwa;
- imbewu;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Izimbumbulu
Indlela ethandwa kakhulu:
- Ukusika okuvunwe entwasahlobo. Ngommese obukhali usike ihlumela ngamashidi ama-3.
- Iphathwa ngegciwane (Fundazole).
- Bayibeka embizeni enesixazululo samanzi neKornevin. Iqukethe ku +26 ° C.
- Izimpande zefomu lesengezo ngemuva kwamaviki ayi-6.
- Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalwe ebhodweni elilungiselelwe.
Imbewu
Le yinqubo ekhathazayo futhi ende. Imbewu iyadingeka entsha, ngokushesha ilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwayo. Ukuze uzithole, kudingeka izitshalo ezimbili, owesilisa nowesifazane, ngoba imbali i-dioecious. Futhi, ekhaya, ukuqhakaza kwama-nepenthes kuyisimo esingajwayelekile, futhi impova yezinambuzane iyadingeka ekusetheni izithelo.
Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kungokulandelayo:
- Lungisa isitsha ngesihlabathi kanye ne-sphagnum.
- Hlwanyela imbewu.
- Mboza ngefilimu.
- Babekwe endaweni efudumele, enokhanya kahle (+ 22 ... +26 ° C), enomswakama ocishe abe yi-100%.
- Amahlumela azovela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-60.
Ukubekwa
Ngokudubula okuvumelana nezimo, iziqu zemvelo zidonsa ingxenye yamagxolo. Le ndawo ibambeke endaweni engaphansi yomswakama, ihleliwe. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande zenqubo yomoya, ihlukaniswa nesitshalo sikamama futhi sitshalwe ebhodweni elihlukile.
Isigaba seShrub
Lapho udlulisa amaNepentes amadala ngokwanele, ungawahlukanisa ube izingxenye.
Ukusebenza kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ngoba izimpande zesitshalo zintekenteke kakhulu:
- Isihlahla sibekwa esitsheni esikhulu esinamanzi afudumele, lapho sihlanza ngokucophelela emhlabathini.
- Usebenzisa ithuluzi elisebenza ngamagciwane, usike ingxenye yalo kanye nezimpande.
- Umonakalo uphathwa nge-carbon esebenzayo.
- Isitshalo ngasinye esihlukanisiwe sitshalwe ngendlela ejwayelekile ebhodweni laso.
Izinambuzane, izifo kanye nezinkinga ezingenzeka lapho unakekela amaNepentes
Lapho ama-Nepent akhula, ubunzima kungaqubuka uma izimo ezidingekayo ekunakekelweni kwazo zingahlangatshezwa.
| Ukuboniswa ngamaqabunga nakwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo | Izizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Amabala ansundu. | Umoya omile egumbini, ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi. Lesi yisifo fungal. | Faka umoya egumbini, ubheke umbuso wokunisela, ukhiphe amanzi ngokweqile epanini. Ezimweni ezinzima, baphathwa nge-fungicides (Actara). |
| Zomile. | Umswakama ophansi. | Izindlela zokwandisa umswakama ziyasetshenziswa (babeka ama-humidifires, babeka i-aquarium eduzane, beka isitshalo e-florarium, terrarium). |
| Amabala ansundu. | Shisa elangeni. | Umthunzi. |
| Uyazi | Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba. | Zondliwa izinambuzane noma zifafazwe ngomanyolo. |
| Ukwehla kwesitshalo, ukubola. | I-nitrogen engaphezulu. | Ungayondli inyama nenhlanzi. |
| Uphuzi futhi uwele. Isitshalo sincane. | I-Chlorosis | Shintsha umugqa ongezansi uye kolungile. |
| Ukubonakala kwezinambuzane. | I-Aphid, mealybug. | Susa ukotini ofakwe isithako sensipho yokuwasha. |
| Isiqu sokudonsa, isifo samaqabunga, ukuntuleka kwamajegi. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya. | Hlela kabusha endaweni ekhanya kakhulu, sebenzisa ama-phytolamp. |
