Izitshalo zomhlobiso zohlobo lweBegonia zingezomndeni wakwaBergonia. Ziyakwazi izihlahla zaminyaka yonke ezine-herbaceous herbaceous nezihlahlana. Indawo yokusabalalisa iNingizimu Melika neNdiya, iMpumalanga Himalayas, iziqhingi zaseMalay, isiqhingi saseSri Lanka. I-Afrika ibhekwa njengezwe.
UMbusi waseHaiti uMichel Begon, owahlela futhi waxhasa ucwaningo eziqhingini zaseCaribbean ngekhulu le-17, waba ngumzekelo wegama lalesi hlobo. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingama-1600 zama-begonias.
Incazelo begonia
Izimpande zezitshalo ziyakhamba, ama-ossiform kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Amashidi angama-asymmetric, alula noma akhululiwe, anegagasi noma amazinyo emaphethelweni. Zihlotshisiwe ngenxa yombala wazo, kusuka eziluhlaza ezilula ezicebile kuya ku-burgundy ngamaphethini wejometri ahlukahlukene. Ezinye izinhlobo zimbozwe nge-fluff encane.
Izimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene (ngaphandle kwemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) zingaba nezincane futhi ezinkulu, ubulili obufanayo, obunamanyala. Izithelo amabhokisi amancane anembewu. Begonia blooms ehlobo nasekwindla. Umsebenzi wasekhaya ungajabulisa kuze kufike unyaka omusha.
Izinhlobo ze-begonia
Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zihlukaniswe izinhlobo.
Amahlamvu okuhlobisa
Leli qembu alinaso isiqu, amaqabunga akhula ngokuqondile ezimpandeni futhi, ngenxa yesimo sawo esingajwayelekile, ayamhlobiso.
Okudumile:
| Buka | Incazelo Izimbali | Kushiya |
| I-Royal (Rex) | Cishe kube ngu-40 cm. Okuncane, okupinki, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlamvu kumele kususwe. | Ubude bufika kuma-30 cm. Amafomu enhliziyo ebomvu, epinki, onsomi ngesiliva elenziwe ngesiliva noma umngcele ohlaza okotshani. |
| Masoniana (Mason) | Azikho ngaphezu kwama-30 cm. Encane, i-beige ekhanyayo. | Cishe ama-cm angama-20. Inhliziyo eluhlaza ekhanyayo, phakathi kwayo okuyisiphambano esimnyama seMalta, ikhula emilenzeni e-burgundy. |
| I-Metallica (insimbi) | Amagatsha, akhula abe ngu-1.5 m. Ipinki. | Ubude obuyi-15 cm. Kuhlukaniswe, kuhlanganisiwe, amathambo abomvu aqhamukayo ngemuva kwesizinda esiluhlaza esimnyama nge-tint yesiliva. |
| Laminate | Ukuphakama - 40 cm. Okumhlophe, okubomvana. | Kufika ku-20 cm. Imisebe elula, eyindilinga, enqunywe ngemuva kwesizinda esimnyama esiluhlaza, ifana ne-hogweed. |
| Cuff (ukhokho) | Ifinyelela kumitha eyi-1. E-pantuncle ephezulu epinki engama-60 cm. | Amasentimitha angama-30 cm. Kukhanya okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngamaphethelo we-seared on cuttings ende onqenqemeni obomvu. |
| Brindle (Bauer) | Encane 25 cm. Abamhlophe abangajulile. | Cishe ama-cm angama-20. Kufakwe i-fluff emhlophe emaphethelweni, aluhlaza-nsundu onamabala akhanyayo awanikeza umbala we-tiger. |
| Cleopatra | Ukuphakama - kuyaqabukela ku-50 cm. Okumhlophe-opinki, okumangazayo. | Ifana ne-maple, uhlangothi olungaphezulu luyisihlahla somnqumo, uhlangothi olungaphansi lubizwa ngokuthi i-burgundy, lukhula kumisiko emide enamanzi embozwe izinwele ezinde. |
| I-Leafy | Ikhula ibe ngu-40 cm. Ipinki encane. | Kutholakala emilenzeni emfushane emnyama, okuluhlaza okotshani phezulu no-burgundy phansi. |
Shrubby
AmaShrub begonias akhula aze afike kumamitha ayi-2, aqukethe izinqubo ezilandelwayo ezineziqu ezigqinsiwe njengeziqalo.
Amaqabunga nezimbali zezimo ezahlukahlukene nemibala. Izimbali zingahlala unyaka wonke. Imvamisa, okulandelayo kufakwa ezimweni zasekamelweni.
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| Amakhorali | Iqinisiwe, inesiqu esingenalutho, ifinyelela ku-1 m. | I-Oblong, isikhumbuza iqanda. Imibala yotshani obuluhlaza onamabala amancane esiliva. | I-pink elula elula, encane. |
| I-Fuchsiform | Amagatsha aphezulu kakhulu anegatsha akhula aze afike ku-1 m. | Okusaqanda okuncane, okuluhlaza okujulile, okucwebezelayo. | Ubomvu opinki ulenga phansi. |
Ithambekele
I-Begonias yalolu hlobo inesistimu yezimpande ye-tuberous, stems 20-80 cm kanye nezimbali ezahlukahlukene.
Kukhona izitshalo ezinotshani, ezinotshani nezikhulayo. Qhakaza ngokuqhubekayo kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi ekwindla.
| Buka | Izinhlobo | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali | |
| Ngqo | I-Picoti Harlequin | Kuncane, kungabi ngaphezu kwama-25 cm. | Amawashi, aluhlaza. | I-Terry, ububanzi obu-12 cm, ophuzi onomkhawulo ogqamile. | |
| Bud de rose | Miniature, cishe 25 cm. | Okunezinti, utshani hue. | Okukhulu (18 cm). Upende ophuzi ufana ne-rose. | ||
| Ibomvu idada | Phansi, 16 cm. | Okusaqanda ngamazinyo amancane, luhlaza. | Ithayela elibomvu elinamasentimitha ayi-10 cm, elifana ne-peony. | ||
| UCrispa Marginata | Encane, ayidluli ku-15 cm. | I-Emerald enomngcele onsomi. | Obucayi, o-wavy, omhlophe noma ophuzi onomngcele wepinki kanye naphakathi ophuzi. | ||
| I-Ampelic * | Roxsana | Iziqu ezinde, ezi-drooping. | Kunamazipho, luhlaza. | Orenji | |
| UKristy | Okumhlophe. | ||||
| Intombazane (Intombazane) | Upende ophuzi. | ||||
| I-Bolivian * | I-Santa Cruz Sunset F1 | Ikhula ibe ngu-30 cm, bese iqala ukushibilika phansi. | Okubanzi okuncane. | Umbala obomvu. | |
| Copacabana F1 | Ubomvu obunjengobomvu. | ||||
| Bossa Nova F1 | I-Fuchsia kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokubomvu. | ||||
* Hlanganisa ne-ampel.
Ukuqhakaza
Leli qembu lifaka ama-begonias aqhakaza kahle.
| Buka | Izinhlobo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| Ukuqhakaza kwaphakade Iqhakaza lonke ihlobo. | Iphiko Lomntwana | Luhlaza noma ithusi. | Ithafile noma ixubeke imibala ehlukahlukene. |
| Ambassade | Oangempela, luhlaza okotshani obunomucu obomvu ozungeze onqenqemeni. | Izithunzi ezahlukahlukene, ezilula. | |
| I-Cocktail | Imibala yezitini. | Ipinki ephinki enombala ophuzi. | |
| I-Eliator Ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke. | Phezulu (Louise, Renaissance) | Utshani obuncane, phezulu okucwebezelayo, phansi kwamatilasi nokukhanya. | I-Scarlet, pink, terry orange. |
| Medium (Annebel, Kuoto) | |||
| Phansi (Scharlach, Piccora) | |||
| UGluard de Lorrain. Ukuqhakaza kobusika. | Ukuncintisana | Ulamula ombovu, ocwebezelayo, obomvu endaweni. | I-Drooping, pink. |
| UMarina | |||
| Rosemary |
Ukunakekelwa kwabazali ekhaya
I-Begonia isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kepha noma kunjalo, nokuqukethwe kwayo, kuhambisana nezincomo ezithile.
| I-Factor | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | IWindows empumalanga, eningizimu mpumalanga, enyakatho-ntshonalanga, entshonalanga. Akayithandi imibhalo eyingqayizivele nemisebe yelanga eqondile. | |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ... +25 ° C | + 15 ... +18 ° C |
| Umswakama | Okucishe kube ngu-60%. Ukusekelwa ngokubeka isitsha samanzi noma umswakama eduze kwesitshalo. | |
| Ukunisela | Iningi. | Elinganiselayo. (abayiniseli ishubhu, bayifaka kwisitoreji). |
| Lapho womisa inhlabathi ephezulu ngo-1-2 cm. Ungavumeli ukuqina kokuswakama kupallet. Amanzi asetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. | ||
| Inhlabathi | Ukwakheka: umhlaba weshidi, isihlabathi, i-chernozem, i-peat (2: 1: 1: 1). | |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga ngomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium wokuqhakaza izimbali. Kwezinhlobo eziqabayo ezinokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu, ukwenza ngcono ukukhula kwamahlamvu kanye nokuqhakaza kancane kancane. Ngaphambi kwalapho, banisela. Izinto ze-organic zingangezwa (umquba we-liquid 1: 5). | Akudingeki. |
Izici zokutshala nokudlulisa ama-begonias
Njalo entwasahlobo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-begonia ezigciniwe kufanele zitshalwe esitsheni esisha.
Ezinhlotsheni ezinesistimu yezimpande enamagatsha anamanzi kanye ne-fibrous, ukufakelwa kuyadingeka njengoba ikhula.
- Imbiza ithathwa nge-ceramic, ingama-3-4 cm ngaphezu kwezimpande zezimbali. Ngezansi kubeka u-1/3 we-drainage, uthele i-substrate encane.
- Lapho ukufakelwa, lesi sitshalo sisuswa esitsheni esidala, sikhishwe ngokucophelela enhlabathini (sehliselwe kwisisombululo esikhanyayo se-potanganum permanganate).
- Uma kunomonakalo, bayanqunywa.
- Babekwa enhlabathini entsha, abafafazwe nangomhlaba hhayi emaphethelweni, bayenezela lapho izimpande sezomile kancane.
- Kakhulu kaningi kunamanzi, kepha landela izincomo.
- Musa ukuvezwa yilanga, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuyadingeka.
- Okwamanje, hlala phansi wakhe umqhele omusha.
Faka ubusika beshubhu begonia
Lapho kukhula i-tuber begonia ekhaya, ukulungiselela ubusika kuyahambelana nayo, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Siqukethe le misebenzi elandelayo:
- Ngo-Okthoba, amaqabunga asele anqunywe ezimbalini, abekwe endaweni epholile emnyama.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, lapho kufe yonke ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba, bmba izimbila eziyizigaxa.
- Zigcinwa egumbini elimnyama, elomile, elipholile (hhayi eliphansi kuka + 10 ° C) emabhokisini noma ezitsheni ezinesihlabathi.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza zeBegonia
Begonia isakazwa entwasahlobo izindlela eziningana:
- ukusika;
- ukwehlukaniswa kwengxenye yesihlahla noma tuber;
- izithombo zikhule kusuka imbewu.
Izimbumbulu
Lungisa ingxube yenhlabathi: isihlabathi, i-peat (3: 1). Njengesigaxa thatha ihlumela okungenani le-10 cm noma iqabunga elikhulu. Esimweni sokuqala, izinto zokutshala ezisanda kubekwa zifakwa emgodini oswakeme futhi zifakwe egumbini elimnyama. Ukubamba imbala kuhlala izinyanga ezi-1-2. Kwesibili, iqabunga libekwa emhlabathini nge-petiole, livimbele ukuthinta kwepuleti lomqabunga lomhlaba. Isitsha sihlanzwa futhi endaweni ngaphandle kokukhanyisa.
Imbewu
Le nqubo iqala ngoDisemba:
- Lungisa inhlabathi (isihlabathi, i-peat, iphepha lomshidi 1: 1: 2), ulithele esitsheni esibanzi kahle.
- Imbewu isatshalaliswa bese icindezelwa kancane emhlabathini.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, lapho kuvela amahlumela, ayabanjiswa.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla noma ishubhu
I-Bush begonias isakazeka, ihlukanisa izingxenye zesitshalo ezande kakhulu. Izimpande zezimbali ezinomhlume nesihlumela zihlukaniswe ngumama, amaqabunga omisiwe nezimbali ziyasuswa, izindawo ezonakele ziphathwa nge-carbon esebenze. Otshalwe ezitsheni ezintsha, eziniselwe.
Entwasahlobo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zikhishwa, zihlukaniswe izingxenye lapho izimpande namahlumela zihlala khona. Izindawo ezisikiwe ziphathwa ngamalahle futhi zitshalelwe ebhodweni nge-peat, zishiya ingxenye ye-tuber ngaphezulu kobuso. Amanzi futhi uqaphe ukuhamba kwawo njalo.
Izifo, izilokazane ze-begonia
Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezincomo zokugcinwa kwesitshalo kungaholela emiphumeleni engathandeki.
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Isixazululo |
| Ukubola kwamaqabunga kanye nesiqu. | Isifo se-fungus - i-powdery isikhutha ngenxa yokugcwala kwamanzi. | Susa amaqabunga anesifo. Yehlisa ukuthambisa. |
| Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, umswakama ophansi, umehluko wokushisa, okusalungiswa, Umanyolo owedlulele. | Ungenzi amaphutha ngokuhamba. |
| Ukuwa kwe-buds. | Ukwephulwa kombuso wokunisela, ngokweqile noma ukushoda kokukhanya, umanyolo. | Landela izincomo zokuqukethwe kwe-begonias. |
| Amacembe aphuzi. | Umswakama ophansi, ukuncipha kwenhlabathi, izilokazane ezimpandeni. | Shintsha i-substrate, ngemuva kokufaka isitshalo esixazululweni se-potanganum permanganate. |
| Ukwenza mnyama. | Umswakama kumaqabunga neziqu. | Qikelela lapho uthambisa, ungafafazi. |
| Izithombo ezelulayo, amahlamvu aluhlaza. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa namandla. | Bayondla, baye endaweni egqamile. |
| Ukusonteka kwamaqabunga, ukubhoboza kanye nokubungaza. | Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu noma ukuntuleka komswakama. | Hlela kabusha endaweni enezihlahla ezinamanzi. |
| Ukubonakala kokubumba. | Ukushisa okuphansi, umswakama ophezulu. Hlukana nokubola okungwevu. | Izingxenye ezilimele ziyasuswa, ziphathwe nge-fungicide (Fitosporin). |
| Izeluleko ziba nsundu. | Ukuntuleka komswakama. | Ihambisana nemithetho yokunisela. Nikeza umswakama odingekayo. |
| Ukubonakala kwezinambuzane. | Isicabucabu esibomvu. | Baphathwa ngama-insecticides (Actara). |
