I-Mint isitshalo esinciphile sokuthambekela. Ezasekhaya - i-Afrika, i-Asia, i-Australia. Izici zokuphilisa ze-mint bezaziwa kusukela kudala futhi manje sezisetshenziswa kabanzi. Sebenzisa it ukupheka, cosmetology, amakha, umuthi. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu i-ulamula, umhlanga, iphunga elimnandi, amanzi, insimu, i-pepper noma i-menta piperita. Indoor egcwele indawo yegumbi, ebizwa nge- plectrantus. Ikhula ngokushesha, ingazethembi, ikhiqiza kalula.
Ukuchazwa kwegumbi mint
I-Indoor mint (i-plectrantus enamakha) noma i-sprats iyisidakamizwa esihlala sihlala sihlala njalo somndeni we-Yasnotkovye (labioecious) onamaqabunga obude, okusaqanda, anamacembe. Izimbali zincanyana, ziphuzi, ziqoqwe amahlumela aphezulu kumambule noma kumabhulashi, avele ehlobo. Isistimu yezimpande i-fibrous, isiqu sinembala, sibushelelezi noma sibubende. Isitshalo sikhulu, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zihlukaniswa njengezihlahlana ezinamahlumela afinyelela kuma-40 cm namahlamvu amaningi.
Uma ugijimisa isandla sakho emaqabungeni, iphunga elimnandi lisakazeka ngokushesha.
Izinhlobonhlobo zegumbi mint
Izinhlobo ze-Plectrantus zifinyelela ezinhlotsheni ezingama-300; ziyahluka ngokubukeka nephunga leqabunga:
| Ibanga | Izici |
| Koleusovidny | I-Shrub, ikhula ibe imitha enezimpophoma eziqondile ze-tetrahedral, amaqabunga amakhulu angama-6 cm, anomngcele omhlophe no-ukhilimu ambozwe izindawo ezifanayo. Inephunga eliqinile. |
| I-Shrubbery (umuthi we-molar) | Elikhulu, lifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ngamaqabunga e-monophonic efomu elakhiwe ngenhliziyo lapho likhishwa, likhipha amafutha abalulekile. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| I-Ertendahl | I-Shrub, ikhula ibe ngu-40 cm, izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kakhulu. Inamaqabunga velvet ayindilinga, aqoshiwe anobubanzi obungafika ku-5 cm, luhlaza okotshani ngaphezulu no onsomi ngezansi ngemithambo ekhanyayo. Izimbali ezimhlophe zakha ama-inflorescence-brushes, ziyaqhakaza ehlobo. Banephunga elimnandi le-camphor. |
| Mona Lavander | Inokuqhakaza okude kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuLwezi. Amaqabunga acwebezelayo anamaphethelo we-serated, phansi onsomi. Ukuphakama okuncane kuze kufike kuhafu wemitha. |
| IHadiensis (uzizwe) | Shrub kuze kufike ku-75 cm, nge-pubescent, okuluhlaza okukhanyayo kushiya kuze kube yi-10 cm ubude ngephunga le-mint. Kusetshenziswa eNdiya njengesithokelo. |
| U-Ernst | Amacembe amancane amise okwenhliziyo, onsomi kusuka ngezansi, aluhlaza kanye ne-velvet kusuka phezulu. Ikhula ibe ngu-0.5 m. |
| Okucwebile | I-perennial kufika ku-2 m, ukhipha izingongolo ku-villi encane, i-tetrahedral, eluhlaza okotshani. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda, wakhomba. Iqhakaza ngombala onsomi, omhlophe, onsomi. |
| I-Forster | Okufakwe amaqabunga okusaqanda anemiphetho eyenziwe ngamakhamera. Ukuphakama kumamitha. |
| Ishaye ikhwela | Amapuleti amaqabunga abushelelezi, aluhlaza okotshani ngezinwele ezimhlophe, phansi kunama-veins abomvu. Iziqu zingumbala obomvu. Ikhula ibe ngu-40 cm. |
Izindlela eziningana zokutshala i-peppermint
I-perennial itholakala ngezindlela eziningana - ngembewu, ukusika, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Imbewu
Imbewu ithengwa esitolo sezimbali noma zivunwa zodwa. Zibekwa ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi omanzi ukuya ku-0.5 cm ogcwele, zimbozwe ifilimu noma ingilazi. Zizoqhuma emva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, zidluliselwe ngobunono ebhodweni, zifakwe egumbini elipholile, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingama-40 ziye endaweni evamile yokukhula. Kulokhu, ukuvuna kuzoba sezinyangeni ezi-2. Amahlumela amasha ahlukile ngokunambitheka.
Izimbumbulu
Indlela elula futhi esheshayo yokukhiqiza. Ingxenye yesisekelo esilandelanayo esingu-6-8 cm ngommese obukhali isikwa engela lama-degree angama-45. Amashidi amabili aphansi abunjiwe. Faka isithasiselo engilazini yamanzi noma esihlabathini. Lapho izimpande eziyi-1.5 cm zidluliselwa emhlabathini.
Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla
Lapho isihlahla sifinyelela eminyakeni emithathu, siyakumbiwa, sihlukaniswe sibe izingxenye. Ngamunye kufanele abe namahlumela, izimpande, ama-buds. Etshalwe ekujuleni kuka-10 cm, kufakwa i-humus.
Izimo zokukhula kwegumbi mint
Lesi sitshalo sinikezwe ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa okungafani nalutho, iminti ebhodweni ibekwe empumalanga, entshonalanga windowsillas. Ukushisa + 16 ... +25 ° С ehlobo, + 14 ... +16 ° С ebusika. Umswakama 60-70%. Ukuchichima kokukhanya kwelanga kungaholela ekufuneni isihlahla. Ebusika, bakhanyisela ngobuciko, ngokukhanya okuphansi kosuku, isihlahla solula, lapho-ke izinga lokushisa lehliselwa ku- + 15 ... +18 ° С. Ehlobo, isimbali sezimbali sifakwa kuvulandi noma kwi-loggia ngaphandle kokusalungiswa.
Ukunakekelwa
Ekhaya, ukunakekela isitshalo akudingi mzamo omkhulu, noma yimuphi umhlwanyeli angabhekana nakho.
Noma yimuphi umthamo ukhethiwe: imbiza yezimbali, ibhokisi, okubaluleke kakhulu, thatha obanzi ngohlelo lwezimpande olunamagatsha anamanzi. Lesi sitshalo sijikeleziswa ukukhula okufana komfaniswano.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukunisela kakhulu, ebusika kancane. Amanzi kufanele abe athambile, axazululwe, okushisa kwekamelo. Ehlobo bathatha ishawa, babaphalaze ebusika, uma umoya womile, susa uthuli emaqabunga.
Ungavumeli ukweqa komhlaba ngokweqile.
Gcoba entwasahlobo nasehlobo njalo ngenyanga kuguqulwa umanyolo we-organic namaminerali wokuhlobisa nokunquma. Shiya amaqabunga eshiya ama-20 mm kusuka ihlumela ukuze akhe amasha. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela angenamandla, angenalutho anqunywa, ancipha iziqongo.
Ukufakelwa
Ngemuva kokuthenga, isihlahla esisha sitshalwa singene esitsheni esikhudlwana esisha. Lokhu bakwenza ngendlela yokudlulisela ngaphandle kokuphula i-coma yobumba. Ngemuva kwalokho ukufakelwa kuyadingeka kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo, futhi lapho isitshalo sineminyaka emihlanu ngeminyaka emibili. Inhlabathi ilungiselelwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-turf, ingxenye ye-humus, inhlabathi yamaqabunga kanye ne-0, isihlabathi se-5 kanye ne-peat. Faka umuthi ngaphambi kokuhlanza inhlabathi emanzini abilayo noma isixazululo se-manganese. Ukudonsa okungamasentimitha amathathu kusuka kubumba olwandisiwe, itshe elichotshoziwe libekwa phansi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Mint akuvamile ukuthi agule, kwesinye isikhathi kuvela izinkinga.
| Inkinga / Ukuboniswa | Izizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Kushiya amahlamvu, ashise kuphele. | Ukuchayeka elangeni eliqondile. | Yenza umthunzi noma udlulele kwenye indawo. |
| Uphuzi, ukuchitheka kwamaqabunga. | Ukushisa okuphansi + 12 ... +16 ° С umswakama okweqile. | Khulisa ukushisa kwegumbi noma unciphise ukuthambisa. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande. | Amanzi aqinile, i-acidization yenhlabathi, umoya obandayo. | |
| Ehlobo, kukhipha amaqabunga. | Umoya omile. | Kufafazwe kaningi, faka ama-moisturizer. |
| Amaqabunga awela phansi, isitshalo asiluqhakaza. | Kuyashisa kakhulu, ukuntuleka kokukhanya. | Khulisa ukukhanya, okushisa aphansi. |
| Grey - amabala ansomi. | I-Peronosporosis (Downy isikhutha). | Susa izingxenye ezithintekile. Baphathwa nge-fungicides (i-Actofit). |
| Inhlanganisela emhlophe. | I-Powdery Mildew | Futha nge-1/3 i-serum yamanzi noma i-colloidal sulfure. |
| Amaqabunga asontekile, izinambuzane eziluhlaza kuzo. | Ama-aphid. | Kucutshungulwa ukufakwa kwegwayi, endabeni yeFitoverma, Spark enganakwa. |
| Iwebhu emhlophe noma yesiliva. | Thikha | Faka isicelo sokusebenza kwe-Actellik. |
Izici eziwusizo zegumbi mint
I-Mint ayinobuthi, izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zibanzi - i-diaphoretic, i-laxative, i-anesthetizing, ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo:
- Kuthuthukisa ukugaya.
- Ithambisa uhlelo lwezinzwa.
- Kwenza ukuphefumula kube lula (ukuhlafuna amaqabunga ngokuqunjelwa kwamakhala).
- Isiza ekwelapheni izifo ze-gynecological.
- Ithambisa ukulunywa kwezinambuzane (welula iqabunga, linamathisele)
- Iphatha umkhuhlane (phuza itiye le-peppermint ngezifo zomphimbo).
- Ijusi inciphisa isicanucanu kanye nehalananda.
I-Peppermint ilwa nenundu, izinambuzane eziyingozi. Yisebenzise njengokuthosa, yenza itiye. Uwoyela obalulekile oqukethwe kuwo usebenza njenge-sedative.
Iminti iyavunwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kuqoqwe amaqabunga amakhulu, iziqu zinqunywe 1/3 ntambama esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ngemuva kwalokho zigezwa, zisulwe zibekwe ebusweni bendwangu ukuze zome kuhhavini, emgwaqweni. Gcina ngokuvalwa uphawu.
Contraindication ukusetshenziselwa abakhulelwe, abakhipha, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12.
Iminti ifakwa egumbini lokulala, isusa ukukhathazeka futhi idambise nokukhathala. Ngokwezimpawu idonsela imali endlini.
