Ahimenez: ukhula futhi uyakhathala

U-Achimenez ungowomndeni kaGesnerius. Ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi, eBrazil. Uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50. Uma uhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuzokunikeza amahle, aluhlaza aluhlaza ngisho nasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, amafulethi namahhovisi ngokuvamile ahlobisa imbali.

Incazelo Achimenes

I-Ahimenez iyi-herbaceous perennial. Ekuphakameni kungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm. Iziqu zinamanzi, zi-branched, ziluhlaza obomvu noma zibomvu. Kuqala bayakhula, kepha bayafuna ukukhula ngeminyaka. I-rhizome engenhla nenhlabathi enama-rhizomes (nezilimo eziyizigaxa) embozwe izikali ezincane. Baqongelela izinto eziwusizo izitshalo ezizosebenzisa ngemuva kokusuka kude nobusika.

Amacembe ama-oblong kuma-petioles anamaphethelo abukhali ngaphandle abushelelezi, acwebezelayo. Luhlaza okotshani obomvana, opinki, onsomi ngemithambo ehlanganisiwe. Kunezinwele ezincane ngaphakathi kwepuleti.

Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izimbali eziningi ziqala ukwakha kuma-axils amaqabunga kulo lonke ubude besiqu. I-corolla ngayinye ineshubhu nezinsimbi ezi-5 ezigoqiwe ngokuqinile, eziphindwe kabili noma ezilula, ezihlukaniswe eceleni kwemiphetho.

Izimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu, zipinki, ziphuzi, zimhlophe qhwa, zinezindatshana ezimfushane zitholakala zodwa noma zingamaqembu ayi-3-6. Ububanzi bufika ku-3-6 cm. Izimbali zenzeka kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Lapho ikhule ekhaya, ingabonakala kabili.

Izinhlobo ze-achimenes

Izinhlobo ezidumile:

Isihloko	Isiqu (amahlumela)	Izimbali	Isikhathi sokuqhakaza
Okumhlophe	Iqonde, inamahlumela aluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu.	Usayizi ophakathi nendawo, 1-1.5 cm. Ngaphandle, isithunzi sobisi olubhakiwe, obomvu kusuka ngaphakathi. ICorolla ephuzi ngemichilo ebomvu.	Ihlobo
Ehrenberg	Iqondile, i-pubescent kakhulu futhi inamaqabunga. Ukwembula njalo kuyadingeka.	Umbala ophakathi nendawo, onsomi ngaphandle, ojika kancane ubomvana emuva. I-pharynx (corolla tube) iphuzi elikhanyayo linamachashazi apinki.	Ihlobo ukwindla.
Kuthulwe	Ukhula up, onsundu, uvame ukuba luhlaza.	I-Pink-violet, ifinyelela ku-2 cm.	NgoJuni - Agasti.
Ngqo	Okumaphakathi, okumaphakathi, okubomvu okubomvu hue.	Scarlet, encane, kuze kufike ku-1 cm.	NgoJuni - Agasti.
IsiMexico	Ngokuqinile amagatsha, akhule njengesitshalo se-ampel.	Kufika ku-3.5 cm, lilac, onsomi noma opinki oneshubhu elimhlophe qhwa.	Ihlobo ukwindla.
I-Leafy	Ubomvu, uqonde.	I-Burgundy, enkulu, ifinyelela ku-5 cm. I-Pharynx ephuzi enamabala, inwetshelwe ekugcineni.
Izimbali ende	Ukufaka indawo yokuhlala, i-pubescent, ukukhula kancane kwe-branching, kufinyelela ku-10-30 cm.	Enkulu, ifinyelela ku-6.5 cm. Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, ompunga-lilac oneshubhu eliphuzi noma elimhlophe qhwa.
Fringed	I-Drooping, ifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude.	Kufika ku-2 cm, mhlophe, kufakwe umphetho emaphethelweni.
Nocturne	Amahlumela okulengiswa atshalwa njengesitshalo se-ampel.	Mikhulu, ifinyelela ku-4,5 cm. I-Terry, i-velvet, i-maroon ngaphandle, ilula ngaphakathi.	Ihlobo
Sabrina	Ekuqaleni zikhula zibheke phezulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zizothanda.	I-coral pink enotshani ophuzi. Medium, kuze kufike ku-2 cm.	Ihlobo ukwindla.

Ahimenez: ukunakekelwa nokutshala

Ukuze isihlahla sikhule kahle futhi siqhakaze izimbali, kubalulekile ukusihlinzeka ngemibandela ethile yokuboshwa:

I-Factor	Intwasahlobo / ihlobo	Ukuwa / ubusika
Indawo	Noma imuphi amawindows, ngaphandle kwalawo asenyakatho ane-shading evela elangeni lasemini. Thatha ithala, i-loggia.	Hambisa kwi-pantry emnyama, epholile yokuphumula kobusika.
Isibani	Kudingeka isibani esikhanyayo. Izinhlobo ezixubile azibekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, zidinga ukubiliswa. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinama-greens amnyama zingamelana nokuvezwa okufushane kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet.	Musa ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, isikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukushisa	+ 22 ... +23 ° С	+15 ° С
Umswakama	60-65%. Akunakwenzeka ukufafaza lesi sitshalo uqobo, kuphela umoya uzungeze. Ungathululela ubumba olunwebekile epanini, ubeke ibhodwe ngaphezulu noma uthenge umswakama onomoya. Uma amanzi efika eluhlaza, kuzovela amabala amakhulu amnyama kuso. Isihlahla sizolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa.
Ukunisela	Iningi njalo ngezinsuku ezi-3.	Lapho umhlaba womile. Ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezincane eceleni komphetho wamabhodwe (kanye ngeviki wezipuni ezi-2-3).
Ukunisela	Amazinga okushisa wamanzi acishe abe ngu-2 ° ngaphezu kokushisa kwegumbi. Qiniseka ukuthi akukho ukushuba komswakama. Ukukhiqiza ngaphansi kwempande noma epallet, ukugwema ukuwela amahlamvu kanye namahlumela.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu	Emavikini la-3-4 ngemuva kwekuhluma. Okulandelayo - njalo emavikini ama-2 ngamanyolo wezimbiwa.	Akunasidingo. Isihlahla siyaphumula.

Ukufakelwa

Udinga ukuhambisa izitshalo ezincane nabadala uye kwelinye ibhodwe njalo ngonyaka. Ngaphambi komugqa wobusika, ama-rhizomes awumbiwa, kodwa agcinwa endaweni engaphansi endala egumbini elimnyama. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kwenkathi yezitshalo:

Beka imisele emfuleni wamatshe amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma isitini esiqhekekile.
Gcwalisa 2/3 wethamo ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi esuka ku sheet sheet, turf, sand (3: 2: 1).
Susa ama-tubers enhlabathini endala bese ubeka embizeni entsha endaweni evundlile.
Thela u-5-10 mm we-substrate ngaphezulu, uthele ngokucophelela.
Mboza ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa kuze kuvele amahlumela.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Achimenes

I-Flowredred:

ama-rhizomes;
ukusika;
imbewu.

Indlela yokuqala ilula kakhulu futhi isebenza ngempumelelo. I-Rhizome eyodwa ingakhiqiza amahlumela amaningana ngasikhathi sinye; onobuhle abancane bagcina izinhlamvu zokuhlukahluka kwesihlahla somama.

Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Hlukanisa iziqandisi ngobumnene ezimpandeni.
Spread phezu kwenhlabathi pre-oswakanyiswe.
Fafaza ngenhlabathi eyomile ku-2 cm.
Qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayinaso isikhathi sokuyoma, gcina emazingeni okushisa +2222 C.
Amahlumela azodonsa ngesonto eledlule. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala, faka amahlumela.

Ukusakazeka ngokusika kwenziwa ngoMeyi-Juni. Inqubo yokungena izinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

Hlukanisa igatsha elinempilo nelakhiwe ngokuphelele izingxenye ezintathu. Kufanele okungenani babe nama-3 internode.
Susa amaqabunga aphansi ukuze ubambe kangcono.
Izindawo zokusikeka kufanele ziphathwe ngekhabhoni echobozekile eyenziwe yasebenza.
Faka isiteki esingezansi ku-accelerator yokukhula kwezimpande (ngokwesibonelo, iKornevin).
Tshala endaweni esemanzi efudumele futhi efudumele.
Mboza ngentambo yepulasitiki noma imbiza yengilazi ukuze uthole umphumela wokugcina ukushisa.
Susa ikhava yokupholisa umoya nsuku zonke. Susa i-condensation ezindongeni.
Izimpande zokuqala zizovela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14.

Indlela yokugcina yokuzalanisa ibhekwa njengeyinzima kakhulu futhi ithatha isikhathi, ngoba imbewu yesitshalo incane kakhulu. Imvamisa abalimi kanye nabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi baphendukela kuyo. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

NgoMashi, hlanganisa imbewu nesihlabathi esincane.
Fafaza inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enganyiswe kuqala.
Akudingekile ukubafafaza ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube nezithombo isikhathi eside.
Mboza nge-polyethylene ukudala i-greenhouse.
Ukususa ifilimu nsuku zonke ukuze kufakwe umoya kanye nokuthambisa i-substrate yesifutho esincane.
Izithombo zokuqala zizovela ngaphambi nje kwesikhashana, uma uhlinzeka ngokukhanya okukhanyayo.
Shona okungenani kathathu entwasahlobo ngayinye.

Izifo nezinambuzane ze-Achimenes

Ngokulungiswa okufanele, lesi sitshalo akuvamile ukuthi sithinteke ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni zezinambuzane. Uma kungekho zimo eziphezulu zentuthuko, ama-Achimenes angathola lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:

Ukubonakaliswa	Isizathu	Izinyathelo zokulungisa
Ukhula luphenduka luphuzi, luphele. Ukuguqulwa kwama-buds namapuleti kwenzeka.	I-Chlorosis ngenxa yobulukhuni bamanzi.	Kanye ngesonto, uthele uketshezi ngokufakwa kwama-granules ayi-2-3 we-citric acid. Faka izidakamizwa ezithengiwe empandeni: I-Ferovit, i-Antichlorosis, i-Ferrilen.
Kuvela amabala ajikelezayo, ajika abe nsundu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.	Ukubheka izindandatho ngenxa yokunisela okubandayo, okusalungiswa, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.	Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha lesi sifo. Ukuvikela ukusabalala kwayo, udinga: Chitha izitshalo ezithelelekile. Ngaphambi kokungeniswa, phatha utshani bokhula nge-herbicides (Tornado, iSiphepho Forte nabanye).
Imifino iphenduka ibe nsundu, iyawa. Ukuhlanganiswa okumpunga kuyabonakala emapuletini.	Grey bola ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu, izinga lokushisa elibandayo.	Susa izindawo ezithintekile. Sula ngesixazululo sethusi-yethusi, iFundazole, iTopsin-M. Phatha nge-fungicides e-systemic: I-Topaz, i-Folicur, i-Alto. Ngemuva kwesonto, phinda isenzo.
Encane (ifinyelela ku-0.5 mm), izinambuzane ezibomvu ziyavela ngemuva kwepuleti leqabunga. Ama-microscopic cobwebs, amabala aphuzi namachashazi avela kokuluhlaza okotshani bese kuba nsundu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.	Isicabucabu esibomvu. Isinambuzane sithanda umoya owomile, ofudumele.	Faka izidakamizwa: I-Fitoverm; I-Actellik; Borneo Ithwelwe; UVermitek nabanye. Isidingo sokucubungula nezitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Phinda inqubo izikhathi ezintathu, ngezikhathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7.
Amapuleti asontwe abe yishubhu, amaqabunga, izimbali, amahlumela alonakalisiwe. Esihlahleni ungabona izinambuzane ezincane, ezimnyama noma eziluhlaza.	Ama-aphid.	Sebenzisa amakhemikhali: Karbofos; I-Acarin; I-Actellik; Tanrek; E-Actara.
Ukwakheka kwenhlanganisela emhlophe ye-waxy esitshalweni, izigaxa ezi-fluffy, ezifana noboya bekotini.	I-Mealybug (i-furry louse).	Ukuqoqa izinambuzane ngesandla. Sula isihlahla ngotshwala noma i-tincture ye-calendula. Phatha ubuthi: I-Bankol, i-Biotlin, i-Spark "Double Effect".