I-Indoor Balsam isitshalo esiqhakazayo esiyingxenye yomndeni wamaBhalsamu. Ezweni lasekhaya - izindawo ezishisayo nezindawo ezisabisayo zase-Asia nase-Afrika.
Ebantwini abajwayelekile babiza i-asterisk, inhlansi, i-Vanka emanzi.
Incazelo yeBhalsamu
Iziqu zinoshukela, kepha zibucayi, isigqoko sakhiwe ngendlela yezinso. Amahlamvu awumbala obunjiwe noma obunjwe yinhliziyo, umncanyana ekuqaleni, futhi uma usondela e-petiole unwebeka, kunomgogodla omncane emaphethelweni. Umbala uluhlaza okotshani omnyama onesibhakabhaka esine-lilac shimmer.
Ama-buds anama-petals amahlanu wemibala ehlukene - kusuka ku-pink ophuzi kuya kobomvu. Izithelo ziluhlaza, ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwakha ibhokisi elomile.
Izinhlobo zama-Bals Vitamin
Ezimweni zegumbi, kuzokwazi ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezinjalo zokukhanya:
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| Banzi | Ifinyelela cm 50. Isiqu sibunjiwe, simile. | Ububanzi nokusaqanda, umbala - luhlaza okotshani. | Ithafa noma i-bicolor, encane. Okupinki okukhanyayo. |
| IGinean entsha | Isithombo esihlanganisiwe. Ukumelana nokuqondisa ukukhanya kwelanga, okuvunyelwe ukuba kukhule efulethini nasengadini. | Oval, luhlaza okotshani ngemithambo ephuzi. | Elikhulu, umbala - obomvu, opinki oshisayo. |
| Kandy | Izinhlobonhlobo ezisanda kufakwa phakathi kwesiqu ezineziqu ezibushelelezi nezinoshukela. Ukhula aze afike ku-50 cm. | Ihlangene, inemikhawulo ekhomba. Umbala unotshani. | Isithambile, velvety. I-peduncle ephezulu. |
| Ama-strawberry ngo-ukhilimu | Izinhlobo ezixubile. Isitshalo esinamakhompiyutha, iziqu ezihlotshisiwe. | Oval. | Ubomvu-mhlophe, ububanzi bufika ku-4 cm. |
| Peters | Ukuphakama kube yingxenye yemitha. | Yethusi, yaphakeme. | Kugcotshwe obomvu, kuncane. |
| I-Orchid | Isiqu esimnandi, kepha esihlwabusayo, sipinki esimnyama. Unqabe kwezintambo zesigcawu. | Ama-Velvety, amnyama, apinki futhi abomvu abomvu akhona. | Ijamo lifana nesicathula, esimhlophe, esinamabhulukwe noma amabala aphuzi. |
| Umfana omncane onesithupha | Isihlahla esinamakhompiyutha, isiqu esinamagatsha anamanzi. Kuvunyelwe ukukhula efulethini nasemhlabathini ovulekile. | Umbala ogcwele. | Elikhulu, i-terry, umbala okhanyayo opinki. |
| Cutie | Bush ngokuphakama okufika ku-20 cm. | Oval. | Incane, imhlophe. |
| Salmon Chiffon | Isitshalo esinezimbali ezinde neziningi. | Luhlaza okhanyayo, omise inhliziyo. | Okukhulu, terry. Umbala wesalimoni. |
Ibhalsamu (ukukhanya): ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Lapho unakekela ibhalsamu ekhaya, udinga ukugxila kwisizini yonyaka:
| I-Factor | Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Ukuwa kobusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Izimbali zithanda umthunzi okhethiweyo, ngakho-ke zibekwa empumalanga, eningizimu-mpumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwendlu. | Khulisa ukukhanya kwemini usebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent. |
| Ukushisa | + 18 ... +22 ° С. Ngamanani aphezulu, andisa umswakama womoya. | + 10 ... +16 ° С. Lesi sitshalo sidonswa kude nefasitela ukuze sikuvimbele ekubandisweni. |
| Umswakama | Ileveli 65-70%. Yenza ukufafaza okuhleliwe. | Ileveli - 60-65%. Kubekwe kude nemishini yokushisa futhi kufafazwe isibhamu sokufafaza. |
| Ukunisela | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. | Kabili ngesonto. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Faka isicelo sezimali ze-potassium phosphorus. | Umanyolo awusetshenziswa. |
Ukufakelwa ebhodweni olusha, i-primer yokuphotha
Ukufakwa kwebhalsamu kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka. Isikhathi esihle intwasahlobo.
Inqubo yenziwa ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ngemuva kokuthengwa kwesitshalo, noma nganoma isiphi isikhathi lapho sekutholakele ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lubhekabheka ngokusebenzisa imingxunya yokudonsa noma izinambuzane ezitholakalayo. Imbiza ikhethwe ngaphezu kuka-1.5-2 cm ukwedlula yona endala.
Isidingo sokufakelwa ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ahlanganisa amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe nesihlabathi. Okulandelayo, engeza u-1.5-2 cm womhlaba.
Le mbali ifakwa enkabeni yebhodwe elisha, futhi isikhala esingenalutho simbozwe ngenhlabathi. Wanisela kakhulu futhi washiya emthunzini oyingxenye izinsuku ezingama-7-14.
Inhlabathi yokufakelwa ithengwa esitolo noma yenziwa ngokuzimela, ngoba, lezi zinto ezilandelayo zithathwa ngenani elifanayo:
- umhlaba wefudu;
- humus;
- isisekelo.
Ukuzala
Ukuqhakaza imbali okusatshalaliswa yimbewu nokusikwa.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwezinto zokutshala lusetshenziswa unyaka wonke, into esemqoka ukunamathela ohlelweni lokuhluma:
- Imbewu igcinwa imizuzu eyi-10 kwikhambi elikhanyayo le-potanganum permanganate.
- Inhlabathi ixubene kusuka kwi-perlite kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 2.
- Izinto zokutshala zingcwatshwa ngu-7 cm bese zithambisa inhlabathi, zimboze isitsha ngefilimu, zidale izimo lapho ku + 20 ... +25 ° С.
- Amahlumela okuqala avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-8-10.
- Inhlabathi kwesinye isikhathi ingena umoya.
- Lapho izithombo zikhula zifinyelela ku-1.5-2 cm, ziyaxhuma.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga elilodwa langempela, izimbali zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile.
Lokhu kulandelana kumele kuhlonishwe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho ungavusa ukufa kwezitshalo.
Ukusika kubhekwa njengendlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuzala, ngoba inqubo ilula, futhi zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zigcinwe ngokuphelele.
Inqubo yenziwa ngokuya ngecebo elilandelayo:
- Ngenkathi efudumele, ingaphezulu lehlumela lisikwa ngobude obungamasentimitha ayi-7. Amahlamvu aphansi ayasuswa.
- Leli hlosi libekwe esitsheni samanzi lilinde ukwakheka kwama-rhizomes.
- Inhlabathi ithathwa ngokufanayo nangendlela yokusabalalisa imbewu.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, ukusika kutshalwe emabhodweni ahlukene. Ukusuka phezulu ambozwe ngamabhange.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, ukubekelwa phansi kwezimpawu kubhekwa, futhi emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, isihlahla sesiqala ukuqhakaza.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi batshala ama-balsamu ngokushesha emhlabathini, ngemuva kokuphatha izitshalo ngezindlela zokusheshisa ukwakheka kohlelo lwempande (Kornevin).
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwebhalsamu yasengadini emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukulinywa kwebhalsamu enhlabathini evulekile kwenziwa empumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwengadi. Ngamakhandlela wekhwalithi ephezulu yeVanka emanzi isikhathi eside futhi ngobuningi. Izihlahla ezitshalwe emjondolo zinamaqabunga ayiqabunga ambalwa.
Izithombo zendawo evulekile zikhulile endlini, kepha ngemuva kokuphela kwamaqandesi atshalwe emhlabathini. Izinto zokutshala zilungiswa kuqala, nsuku zonke kuthatha amahora amaningi kuvulandi noma engadini.
Imithombo yokutshala imbali idalwe ukusuka komunye nomunye ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-25-30. Uma umhlaba ungavuni, khona-ke i-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi yengezwa emgodini ngamunye ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izithombo zisuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni, zihlelwe kabusha zibe ikhefu, embozwe ngumhlaba, ziniselwe, zifakwe ngaphakathi. Ukuthola isihlahla esibanzi, phina ngaphezulu kwesitshalo.
Ukukhula ukukhanya okuncane kwengadi, ukutshala nokunakekela kufanele kube sezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo siniselwa njalo, ngoba ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela ekugoqa, ukuncipha kanye nokuchitheka kwamahlamvu. Isikhathi esifanele kusihlwa, selishonile ilanga.
Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14, ibhalsamu lifakwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Nakisisa iqiniso lokuthi ukwakheka kwakungu-potassium ne-nitrogen. Ama-buds ama-Wilted asuswa njalo.
Ungakuvuselela kanjani ukugeleza kwezimbali
Ukuqhakaza ibhalsamu kungenzeka kungabikho ngenxa yezimo ezinjalo:
- umthamo omkhulu - amabhodwe amakhulu avusa ukukhula kwama-rhizomes, asuswa wukwehla kwenani lama-ovari;
- umkhumbi ominyene - uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula ngokushesha, amaqabunga ewa;
- izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kuka- +15 ° С - ubusika bufikile, ngalesi sikhathi ukungabikho kwama-buddges kuyabonakala;
- amanani amaningi e-nitrogen - ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu kuvusa ukubukeka kokuluhlaza, kodwa hhayi izimbali;
- umswakama womoya ophansi.
Ngokubheka zonke lezi zinto futhi uvimbele ukwenzeka kwazo, ungajabulela ukuqhakaza okude nokuchichimayo.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni, izifo, izinambuzane zebhalsamu
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukukhanya kungahlaselwa yizinambuzane nezifo, okuvame ukubangelwa amaphutha ekunakekelweni:
| Izimpawu (umphumela kuhlamvu) | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Uphuzi. | Umswakama onganele womoya, ukufakwa kwenhlabathi kwamanzi, ukubola kohlelo lwempande, umanyolo owedlulele. | Lesi sitshalo sikhishwa ebhodweni bese kuthi isihlahlamba sihlolwe ukubola. Lungisa imodi yokunisela. |
| Ukubuna. | Umswakama ophansi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme. | Kufafazwe, sinisela njalo, sigwema ukuminyanisa kwamanzi. |
| Ukuwa kwe-buds. | Umoya omile, umanyolo owedlulele, amazinga okushisa aphansi, omisa ukuphuma enhlabathini, izinambuzane. | Hambisa egumbini elinamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lungisa imodi yokunisela. Yehlisa imvamisa yokufaka umanyolo. |
| Ukusonteka nokuwa. | Umswakama ophezulu womhlaba uhlangana namazinga okushisa aphansi. | Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela, wandise amazinga okushisa egumbini. |
| Ukuhlanya. | Ukukhanya okungekuhle, okuqukethwe i-nitrogen ephezulu emhlabathini. | Isitshalo sithuthelwa egumbini eliqhakazile noma sinikeze ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Shintsha imodi yokufaka isicelo somanyolo. |
| Ukuwa, ukuqeda kwezimbali. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya okuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi. | Kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yezimbali, izinga lokushisa lika +20 ° C ligcinwa egumbini elinamabhalamu. |
| Ikhula incane, iziqu ziyadonswa. | Umthamo omncane, ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, ukukhanyisa okungekuhle, amazinga okushisa aphezulu. | Isitshalo siyasikwa sihanjiselwe esitsheni esikhulu kakhulu. Lungisa imvamisa yohlelo lokusebenza lomanyolo. Zithuthelwa egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle futhi zinikeza amazinga okushisa athambile. |
| Ukubona amabala ophuzi nezimbobo. | Ikhukhamba mosaic. | Imbali iyodwa futhi iyashiswa. |
| Ukubuka okumangazayo, ukuqhekeka. Ukukhula emuva. | Ukukhala kwendandatho. | |
| Ukuphonswa kwesiqu ezansi, ukuthola i-brown hue. | Kubolile uBrown. | Esikhathini sokuqala kwesifo, imbali ifafazwa kaningana ngeFitosporin. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, ibhalsamu iyashiswa. |
| Amabala akhanyayo ngaphandle, ibala elimhlophe ngaphakathi. | Downy isikhutha. | Susa izindawo ezithintekile. Imbali iphathwa nge-Allet. |
| Amabloksi amnyama. | Bacteriosis. | Sika izindawo ezithintekile. Futha nganoma yisiphi isikhunta. |
| Amachashazi aphuzi ahlehla. IWebhu emhlophe. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Iphathwa ngamanzi anensipho futhi ibekwe ngaphansi kobhavu olufudumele. Khulisa umswakama egumbini. Futha imbali nge-Actara noma i-Actellic. |
| Uphuzi, ukujiya. | I-Whitefly | Isihlahla sigezwa ngamanzi afudumele, sisebenzisa uFufanon noma uMospilan. |
Ukulwa nalezi zinkinga kuqala esigabeni sokuqala, uma lokhu kungenziwa, isitshalo siyafa.
