Ukuntuleka kwekhishi lasehlobo akusona isizathu sokuyeka injabulo yokutshala imifino, ukuyinakekela nokuyivuna. Zingatshalwa ekhaya, ngaphandle kokudonswa uhambo oluya ezweni. Isibonelo, kunezinhlobo zamatamatisi amancane angenazithelo zokuzalelwa efulethini noma kuvulandi.
Utamatisi we-Cherry efasiteleni uzoletha izithelo ezinhle, kanye nokuhlobisa indlu. Zingatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ukuze zilungele labo balimi abaphuthelwa imibhede ebusika.
Incazelo ye-Cherry Tomato
Utamatisi omncane ubenegama elijwayelekile le-cherry, elisho ukuthi "i-cherry" ngesiNgisi. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zamatamatisi anezithelo ezincane, ahlukahlukene ngosayizi, ukuma, umbala nokunambitheka. I-Cherry namuhla ithandwa kakhulu: kudliwa okusha, kwenziwa kubo amasaladi, kukhahlwe, kusawoti kuze komiswe. Lezi zithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zazo, ezifanisa kahle nezinye izinhlobo.
Okuqukethwe kwezakhamzimba ku-utamatisi wezinhlobo ze-cherry kuphindeke ka-1.5 izikhathi kunokutamatisi ojwayelekile. I-100 g yalezi zithelo ezincane iqukethe umthamo wansuku zonke wamavithamini A, C neqembu B, potassium nensimbi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cherry ongazikhetha ngokukhulisa indlu
Izinhlobo ze-Cherry zenzelwe ukufakwa ezindlini zasemadolobheni, ezikhula zifinyelela ku-0.5-0.6 m (ezinye zifinyelela ku-1-1,5 m). Ezimweni ezivulekile nezokushisa okuluhlaza, kuphakelwa izihlahla eziphakeme nezinamandla, ezinikeza isivuno esicebile. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa esingaphakathi endlini, ungaqoqa cishe ama-1.5-2 kg wezithelo ngesizini.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamatamatisi we-cherry zivame ukunconywa ekukhuleni ekhaya:
- I-Lycopa F1;
- UMaxik F1;
- Kira F1;
- Isimangaliso seBalcony;
- Isigqoko se-Orange;
- IHood Little Riding Hood;
- Isigqoko esiphuzi.
I-Likopa F1 iyinhlobonhlobo yamatamatisi e-cherry, amathe awo angafika ku-1.5-2 metres ukuphakama. Izithelo zinoshukela, ngesikhumba esiminyene, inyama ine ukunambitheka okumnandi okuthe xaxa okune-acidity encane. Zifana namajikijolo, isisindo sezithelo ngasinye sisukela ku-10 kuye ku-40 g. Ukunambitheka kanye nezinzuzo zamatamatisi zalolu luhlobo kungenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lycopene (okuyigama layo). Izithelo zivuthwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-90-95 ngemuva kokuvela.
Izinhlobo zeLycopa F1 zimelana kakhulu nezikhunta nezinye izifo. Ikulungele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa okusha kanye namalungiselelo ebusika. Izithelo zimelana nokugcinwa isikhathi eside, ngenkathi zigcina ukunambitheka.
I-Maksik F1 yizinhlobonhlobo zama-cherry aqashelwa njengenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ngokuwafaka. Izici zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuhluma. Izithelo zingalala isikhathi eside, kuyilapho zilondolozwa okusha kanye nokubukeka okuhle. Amabhasi walokhu kuhlukahluka alwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, i-nematode, i-verticillosis.
Amabhasi ezinhlobonhlobo zeKira F1 afinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.5-1.7. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuvame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-95- 585 ngemuva kokuvela. Kwibhulashi elilodwa kunezingcezu ezingama-18-20 zesimo esiyindilinga, ezithambile kancane ngaphezulu. Anombala wewolintshi ngombala, aminyene, angaqhekeki ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa nokucindezelwa kwemishini. Lokhu ukuhlukahluka okulula ukukhathalela.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezimakwe ngo-F1 hybrid. Imbewu yabo ayikwazi ukuqoqwa ukuze itshalwe elandelayo.
IBalcony Miracle iyizinhlobonhlobo ezinqumayo ezinamahlahla angamamitha angama-0.6. Lezi utamatisi zingatshalwa ngisho nasebusika, zithola isivuno cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu emva kokuvela. Izithelo zihle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okusha kanye nasekugcinweni.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeHood, Yellow and Orange Riding Hood zihlukaniswa umbala wezithelo, okucacile emagameni. Zonke lezi zitshalo zihlangene kakhulu, zikhula zifinyelela ku-0.5-0.6 m. Zingatshalwa ezimbizeni noma ezitshalweni ezincane, efasiteleni noma kuvulandi. Phakathi kwezithombo nokuvuthwa kwezithelo kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-85-90. Izitshalo zokuhlobisa, zingahlobisa ifulethi.
Isihlahla se-cherry, esifakwe amajikijolo, abekwe etafuleni khona kanye ebhodini sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Futhi izinhlobo ezingaphansi zezithelo zikatamatisi ezinjengeBonsai, Strawberry, iGolden Bunch, iRowan Beads zazalwa.
Ukutshala utamatisi we-cherry ekhaya
Uma unesifiso sokuqala ukukhulisa utamatisi we-cherry ekhaya, udinga ukulungiselela kahle: khetha okubalulekile kokutshala, indawo "yengadi" yekhaya elizayo. Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukukhanya, ngakho-ke kufanele ubeke amabhodwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, eduze kwamafasitela lapho ilanga likhanya kakhulu ngosuku. Kuyadingeka futhi ukulungiselela izisekelo ezizodingeka ezihlahleni ezivuthiwe. Kuleli khwalithi, ungasebenzisa izinti kusuka kunoma iyiphi impahla: izinkuni, ipulasitiki, insimbi. Izimbiza kufanele zikhethwe phezulu futhi zanele ngokwanele, cishe amalitha ayi-8-10.
Utamatisi we-Cherry ukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni noma ngendlela yokuncipha kwezitshalo zabantu abadala.
Njengomthetho, batshalwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba ukuthola imifino evuthiwe yetafula loNyaka oMusha noma ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba nasekupheleni kukaDisemba ukuze kuvunwe ngo-Mashi-mpofu ongemuhle.
Sichaza inqubo igxathu negxathu:
- Ukulungiselela:
- ukukhetha komhlaba kanye nesiza;
- imbewu yokutshala;
- ukutshala imbewu;
- dive amahlumela.
Ngemuva kokuthenga imbewu, udinga ukuzihlunga, bese uzibeka amahora ayi-12 kusisombululo sokukhulisa ukukhula (ungathenga esitolo esikhethekile). Lokhu kuzobavusa. Emva kwalokhu, geza kahle bese usonga nge-gauze oswakanyiswe ngamanzi aze akhukhumele.
Emva kwalokho, imbewu ibekwa enhlabathini eyayilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, ifinyelela kumuntu ongu-1 cm ukusuka ebusweni. Inhlabathi efaneleke kakhulu ye-cherry ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi nesihlabathi somfula ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3, lapho kufakwa khona i-peat ne-humus.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanzwe ngokuyifaka ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukukhula okungcono nokukhula kwezitshalo, kuyadingeka ukwethula umanyolo wezimbiwa noma umlotha enhlabathini. Bese uthele ngamanzi axazululiwe at lokushisa lasekamelweni noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.
Amathangi enezinhlamvu ezitshaliwe ambozwe nge-polyethylene noma ngengilazi yeglasi, adala izimo zokugcina ukushisa. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, ifilimu noma isipikili akufanele sigcine ngaphezulu kwezitshalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukuthi uwavulele ukufinyelela umoya omusha nokuqina.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili emhlabathini, kufanele uthule izimpande ngokuluphina. Lokhu kuzosiza uhlelo lwezimpande ukuqinisa nokukhula kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho izitshalo zidinga ukuniselwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate bese ufafaza ingaphezulu ngesihlabathi esincane.
Ungakhulisa futhi izithombo ezitsheni ezincane, bese kuthi emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amaningana esiphundu, uzifake ebhodweni elikhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imbewu emibili ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezincane (ungathatha izinkomishi ezijwayelekile zepulasitiki). Ngemuva kokuvela, kuyahlolwa, bese kuhluma ihlumela elinamandla futhi elithuthukisiwe lifakwa ebhodweni elikhulu.
Futhi, abalimi abaningi abatshala ama-cherry utamatisi ekhaya basebenzisa indlela yokuphina. Ukusuka esihlahleni esidala udinga ukuhlukanisa i-twig bese ufaka emgqonyeni wamanzi. Cishe isikhathi esingangesonto kamuva, kuvela izimpande ezacile, ngemuva kwalokho ongatshala isitshalo enhlabathini elungiselelwe ebhodweni elikhulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwesitamatisi Kwakwenziwe Ekhaya
Izinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi we-cherry, njengomthetho, azizona ezimnandi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, zidinga ukunakekelwa, ngaphandle kwalokho isivuno esihle ngeke sibe khona. Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuthambisa okufanele, zigcina umswakama ozinzile, izinga lokushisa. Badinga inani elithile lokukhanya nokushisa.
Ukuze i-cherry ikhule kahle futhi ilethe isivuno esiningi, idinga ukukhanya okuhle nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
Ebusika, alikho ilanga eliningi eningi yensimu yezwe lethu, ngakho-ke ama-cherry bush adinga ukudala ukukhanyiswa okwengeziwe, amahora okukhanya kwelanga kubo okungenani abe amahora angama-16. Uma izitshalo zingenakho ukukhanya okwanele, khona-ke inqubo ye-photosynthesis izohamba kancane: lokhu kukhonjiswa ngumbala onsomi ohlaza okotshani. Ama-ovaries ngeke avele esihlahleni esinjalo, futhi isivuno ngeke silinde.
Kufanele futhi ulondoloze umbuso othile wokushisa: phakathi nosuku - azungeze + 20 ... +25 ° C, ebusuku - okungenani +18 ° C. Iziqukathi ezinezitshalo kufanele zibekwe ekukhanyeni, endaweni lapho zingeke ziphazanyiswe ukugeleza komoya obandayo. Uma utamatisi ukhule kuvulandi, khona-ke ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile kufanele zilethwe endlini ebusuku, yebo ehlobo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe-+18 ° C, okungalimaza kakhulu isitshalo.
Kuyadingeka ukususa njalo amaqabunga aphuzi noma omisiwe esihlahleni. Izinhlobo eziningi zidinga nokuthenwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuyadingeka ukuze isitshalo singangeni ekukhuleni, sikhulule amandla emifino, kepha silethe izithelo eziningi. Lapho kuvela amaqanda esihlahleni, amabhulashi ama-4 noma ama-5 asele. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ingxenye engenhla inamathiselwe, isika ama-3-5 cm.
Amagatsha aqothulwe, okuthiwa yizingane zokutholwa, angasetshenziswa ukukhulisa izihlahla ezintsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afakwa engilazini noma embizeni yamanzi, kuthi ngemuva kokuba izimpande zivele, atshalwe ebhodweni.
Ukunisela
Ukuze isihlahla samatamatisi we-cherry uzizwe kahle, kufanele siphuziswe kahle. Kokubili ukuntuleka komswakama owedlulele kuyalimaza isitshalo. Uma isihlahla sithululelwa, khona-ke siyomane sibole emvinini. Lokhu kungagwenywa uma ngaphambi kokudonsa inhlabathi, faka ungqimba lwamanzi ebhodweni. Ubumba oluncane noma oluphakathi lufanelwe kahle le nhloso.
Ukunciphisa kakhulu lesi sitshalo, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuvikela ukomisa komhlaba, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa i-hydrogel ekhethekile, nayo ebekwe ngaphansi komhlaba.
Ehlobo, utamatisi we-cherry udinga ukuniselwa njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu uma isimo sezulu sinelanga futhi kushisa. Uma ihlobo lipholile, isimo sezulu sinamafu, khona-ke izihlahla ze-cherry zidinga ukunisela kabili kuphela ngesonto. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi avikelwe kahle. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe umswakama ekuseni noma kusihlwa, lapho umsebenzi welanga ungekho phezulu.
Umswakama egumbini okukhona kulo izihlahla zikamatamatisi we-cherry kufanele ube cishe ngama-70%. Ngokubambisana nokunisela, udinga ukuhlela indawo yokugezela encane yezitshalo, uzifafaze ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Kuyadingeka futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukungena ngaphakathi kwezihlahla, ngenkathi ungavumeli ukuhamba komoya kubande. Ngale njongo, ungasebenzisa fan ezobavunguza ngomoya ofudumele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuthola isivuno esiningi, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe ezimbizeni ngamatamatisi we-cherry. Okufanele kakhulu kubo yi-superphosphate, i-wood ash, i-humus (akufanele ibe yintsha). Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwamaqanda nokuvuthwa kwezithelo, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe cishe njalo emavikini ama-2, uwaguqule.
Umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen nawo ungasetshenziswa, kepha ngamanani amancane.
Utamatisi we-Cherry udinga amakhambi, kepha akufanele uwahlukumeze. Ziyadingeka ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle, futhi izithelo zimnandi futhi zinempilo. Umanyolo owengeziwe ngokuqinisekile uzothinta lezi zinzuzo nezakhiwo ze-organoleptic zamatamatisi akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu.
Amanye Amathiphu Wokunakekelwa Kwe-Cherry
Izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ze-cherry zokutshala efulethini ziyazenzela izihlahla zazo. Ukuze impova yenzeke, kudingeka izihlahla eziningana nokuhamba komoya endaweni lapho izimbiza zikhona khona. Ungabeka fan eduze kwezitshalo. 
Isigqoko esiphuzi
Ochwepheshe bancoma nokusiza utamatisi impova ngokusebenzisa ibhulashi encane noma ikotini swab. Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa impova kusuka ezimbali zesitshalo esisodwa ngebhulashi bese udlulisela ngokucophelela kwabanye. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni kakhulu, njengoba impova ivuthwa ebusuku. Iqiniso lokuthi izimbali zihanjiselwe impova zingahlulelwa ngeqiniso lokuthi amacembe aqonde emuva kancane.
Njengezinye izitshalo zasendlini, utamatisi we-cherry angagula noma ahlaselwe yizilokazane. Isitshalo esinesifo ngeke sikhiqize isivuno esihle, futhi ngeke sithokozise iso.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu kulezi zilimo ama-spider mites kanye ne-aphid.
Uma izinambuzane eziyingozi zitholakala kulesi sitshalo, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuwungenisa umoya futhi ukuwufafaza kaningi kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza. Ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic, u-1% we-Bordeaux fluid uqondile. Lapho kuvela amaqanda ezithelo, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ochwepheshe batusa ukufafaza izitshalo ngokufakwa kwegalikhi.
Ukuyilungisa, uzodinga u-100 g wegalikhi nengxenye yelitha lamanzi. Izilayi zidinga ukusikwa, zifakwe embizeni, uthele amanzi bese ushiya amahora angama-24. Bese usula uketshezi ngokusebenzisa i-cheesecloth bese ufaka kumalitha ayi-5 amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho faka u-20 g wesepha lokushiswa eligcotshisiwe ku-solution bese uxuba kahle ukuncibilikisa. Umkhiqizo odlulayo ufafazwa ngezitshalo kanye ngenyanga.
Uma izindlela zokuvimbela zingasizi, kuyadingeka ukuphatha izihlahla ngama-insecticides. Ezitolo ezikhethekile, ungathatha amalungiselelo wokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane, eziklanyelwe ngqo utamatisi we-cherry. Ungasebenzisa futhi izibulala-zinambuzane ezibanzi ngokubala umthamo ngokuya ngemiyalo esephaketheni.
Lapho isihlahla sikhula, kufanele sigcinwe. Kulokhu, kusekelwa isimbiza embizeni, lapho isiqu siboshelwe khona. Amahlumela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ze-cherry angadedelwa ezintanjeni eziboshwe ngokukhethekile.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukukhetha izithelo esihlahleni ngemuva kokuba sezivuthiwe ngokuphelele. Utamatisi, ovuthwe egatsheni, ocebile ngezinto eziwusizo, unephunga elimnandi neliphunga. Njengomthetho, izithelo zivuthwa ngokulinganayo, futhi zingavunwa ngamabhulashi wonke.
Uma utamatisi kufanele agcinwe isikhathi eside, lapho-ke angavunwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kobisi noma nsundu. Lokho wukuthi, okwamanje lapho bengakavuthiwe. Ngendlela efanayo, ungavuna isivuno esenzelwe ukwenziwa kokongiwa ekhaya.
Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukutshala utamatisi we-cherry ezitsheni zensimbi. Kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yesifo sokukhunta.
Ukukhula utamatisi we-cherry ekhaya kulula impela, uma ulandela yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa. Kusifanele isikhathi nomzamo wokukhulisa izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo ezizothokozela wonke umndeni unyaka wonke.
