ICrossandra isitshalo esingesomndeni wakwa-Acanthus. Indawo yokusabalalisa - iMadagascar, eSri Lanka, eCongo, eNdiya.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu ze-Crossandra
Isitshalo seShrub noma shrub, esihlotshiswe kakhulu. Emvelweni, ukhula aze afike ku-1 m, ngokutshala kwasekhaya - aze afike kumasentimitha angama-50. Amahlumela aqondile, anegxolo elilungile elihlaza, eliba nsundu lapho imbali ikhula.
Amahlamvu ahlala esihlala enamathiselwe esiqwini kuma-petioles afile. Kubekwe ngokuhlukile, ngababili. Ifomu - i-ovoid noma enomumo wenhliziyo. Ingaphezulu liyacwebezela, luhlaza okotshani. Zikhula ngobude ukusuka ku-3 kuya ku-9 cm. Ngezikhathi ezithile, amahlamvu anemibala akhona kumahlamvu asemithanjeni.
Ama-inflorescence anamandla ngendlela ye-spikelet, umbala - owolintshi. Ama-buds angama-tubular, anama-petals athambile futhi athambile. Esikhundleni sezimbali, kwakhiwa amabhokisi embewu avuleka lapho kumanzi.
Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala ngo-Okthoba kuze kube kuphela uFebhuwari. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-crossander idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nomoya ohlazisiwe.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu kungaqhakaza unyaka wonke, kodwa ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ubusika zithathwa njengezibopho, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaba nezinkinga zokuqhakaza. Esikhathini sezulu esibandayo, ayilahli ukubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa ngenxa yokuba khona kwamahlamvu amnyama acwebezelayo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-crossandra
Ukulima okungaphakathi endlini, izinhlobo eziningana ze-crossandra zilungile:
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| INile | Ezwe - i-Afrika. I-Shrub ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm. | I-pubescent kancane, luhlaza okotshani. | Banama-petals ayi-5 afakiwe ngaphansi. Umbala - kusuka ezitini uye obomvu-olintshi. |
| Ngobuhlakani | I-shrub yase-Afrika, efinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50. Kumabhuloki kunemihlambo emincane ethambile. | Okukhulu (kufika ku-12 cm ubude) emithanjeni kunephethini lombala wesiliva. | Ophuzi-olintshi. |
| I-Guinean | Izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke, zikhula zize zibe ngu-30 cm. | Inhliziyo ebunjiwe, iluhlaza okotshani. | Umbala onsomi onsomi. I-inflorescences ngesimo se-spikelets. |
| Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Ice Blue) | Ifinyelela ku-50 cm. | Umbala - luhlaza okhanyayo. | Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Iqhwa eliluhlaza | Uhlobo olunqabile olutholakala e-Afrika kuphela. | Inhliziyo-ebunjiwe. | I-Turquoise. |
| Umsebenzi | Emvelweni, ukhula aze afike ku-1 m, ngokutshala ngaphakathi - cishe ama-70 cm. | Luhlaza omnyama, kancane pubescent. | Ububanzi bama-buds buba malunga ne-3 cm, obunjwe nge-funnel. Imibala iyavutha umlilo. |
| Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Funnel Crossandra | |||
| U-Mona udinwe | Enye yezinhlobo zakudala, eyadalwa abafuyi abavela eSwitzerland, yaba nomthelela ekuqaleni kokutshala izimbali ezimweni zasekamelweni. Isihlahla esiminyene sefomu elibumbene. | Luhlaza okotshisiwe. | Ubomvu welanga. |
| I-marmalade e-orange | Izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha, zinokuvela kwesihlahla esisakazayo. | Ijusi yotshani obuluhlaza. | Orenji |
| Indlovukazi yaseNayile | Iqinile ngokuqinile ngomehluko wokushisa okuqinile, ngokuzithoba ekuhambeni. | Ovoid, usayizi ophakathi. | Kubomvu iTerracotta. |
| Inhlanhla | Shrub kuze kufike ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Kunesikhathi eside sezimbali. | Luhlaza omnyama. | I-Orange-red, inflorescence ifinyelela ku-15 cm. |
| I-Tropic | Izinhlobonhlobo ezi-hybrid ezifika kuma-25 cm. Zikhule ngezimo zamakamelo nasemhlabathini ovulekile. | Inhliziyo-ebunjiwe. | Imibala ehlukene ephuzi. |
| I-Variegate (Ehlukahlukene) | Ikhula ibe ngu-30-35 cm. | Itholwe ngamabala amhlophe nemigqa. | Amakhorali |
Izenzo Ngemuva Ukuthola i-Crossandra
Uma i-crossandra egelezayo yezimbali ithengwe, khona-ke ngaphambi kokwenza ukufakelwa, balinda kuze kube yilapho sekuqediwe wonke ama-inflorescence. Ngemuva kwalokho shintsha ngokuphelele inhlabathi. Shiya kuphela leyo nqwaba yomhlaba ebambe ngokuqinile ngohlelo lwezimpande. Ukuvuselela ukuqhakaza, isitshalo sivame ukuphathwa ngemithi eyingozi, ngenxa yalokho, benza ukufakwa kwenhlabathi.
I-Crossander ethengiwe ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali yathuthelwa ezweni elisha ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2. Isikhathi sokulinda esinjalo siyadingeka ukuze isitshalo sijwayelane nemibandela, ngoba ukuthutha nokufakelwa kungcindezi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Crossandra
Lapho ushiya ekhaya, i-crossandra ikakhulukazi igxila enkathini yonyaka:
| I-Factor | Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Ukuwa kobusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Ibekwe kunoma yimaphi amawindi ngaphandle kweningizimu. Izibani zithambile futhi ziyahanjiswa. Hambisa kuvulandi noma engadini, njengoba imbali ithanda umoya omusha. | Mboza nge-phytolamp. |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ... +27 ° С. | +18 ° C. |
| Umswakama | Ileveli - 75-80%. Yenza ukufafaza okujwayelekile, imbiza ibekwa epanini elinamatshe abunjiwe ne-peat. | Ileveli - 75-80%. Qhubeka nokufafaza. |
| Ukunisela | Izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesonto. Faka amanzi athambile. Ungavumeli ukumiswa kwenhlabathi noma izikhukhula zayo, ngoba lesi sitshalo singafa. | Kancane kancane yehlisa uye ku-2 ngesonto, bese wenza kube kanye. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye emavikini amabili. | Kanye ngenyanga. |
Ukufakelwa kwe-Crossandra kanye nokwakhiwa kwesihlahla
Isitshalo sijwayela ebhodweni isikhathi eside, singabambezela isikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali noma silahle amahlamvu, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa kwenziwa uma uhlelo lwezimpande luqoqe wonke umhlabathi namapheya kusuka phansi kwethangi. Uma ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kubonakala, khona-ke entwasahlobo elandelayo i-crossander idluliselwa kumkhumbi omusha. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngendlela ye-transshipment, egcina isigaxa sobumba eduze kwezimpande size.
Ibhodwe likhethwe ngaphezu kuka-2-3 cm ukwedlula elangaphambili. Akudingeki umthamo obanzi, ngoba lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukukhula ngo-rhizome, bese kuba nengxenye yomhlabathi, futhi kuphela emva kokuba kuvela izimbali. Ezikebheni ezinkulu, amanzi agcinwa, ngenxa yalokho kunezingozi zokugoqa uhlelo lwezimpande. Imbiza kufanele ibe nezimbobo eziningi zokudonsa amanzi.
Inhlabathi ikhethiwe i-porous, enamazinga aphakathi okuzala. I-Acidity kufanele ingathathi hlangothi noma iphakanyiswe kancane. Imvamisa khetha inhlabathi yonkana bese ufaka i-moss encane ne-sand coarse.
Futhi, ingxube yenhlabathi yenziwa ngokuzimela, ngoba kulokhu 2: 2: 1: 1, thatha izakhi ezilandelayo:
- iqabunga nethanga lomhlabathi;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- isihlabathi.
Okokukhipha amanzi, imvuthuluka yezitini, amatshe amancanyana kanye nobumba olwandisiwe kukhethwa.
Lapho sebewulungisile umhlabathi, benza ukufakelwa kwe-crossandra, ngoba balandela uhlelo:
- Inhlabathi elungisiwe iyabanjiswa, kusongezwe isitsha esisha ngamanzi abilayo.
- Ingqimba yokudonsa ibekwe phansi phansi kwembiza, ngaphezu kwayo kungumhlaba omncane.
- Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngaphambi kokufakelwa, ukuthambisa kwesitshalo kuyamiswa, lapho inhlabathi yomile, kuzoba lula ukususa imbali esitsheni esidala.
- I-Crossandra isuswa esitsheni, inhlabathi isuswa ezindongeni ngommese noma nge-spatula, kuhlanganiswa uhlelo lwezimpande.
- Ama-rhizomes asontekile futhi omisiwe ayanqunywa; izinqubo eziningana ezedlulele ziyahlanzwa komhlaba.
- Imbali iphathwa ngekuvuselela ukukhula, i-Epin noma i-Zircon kufanelekile.
- ICrossandra ibekwe enkabeni yebhodwe elisha.
- Izingxenye ezingenalutho zethangi zigcwele umhlaba, zihlanganiswe, zizama ukungathinti izimpande.
- Isitshalo siyaniselwa futhi sifafazwe emqheleni waso.
Ukuzalela kwe-Crossandra
Le mbali engaphakathi isakazwa ukusikwa kanye nembewu.
Indlela yokuqala ibhekwa njengethandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokulula kwayo. Isikhathi esikahle sokususwa kwezimpawu amahlumela nguMashi-Ephreli.
I-Crossandra isakazwa ngokusikeka ngokusho kwe-algorithm:
- Kulungiselelwe ihlumela lenyali endala, enobude obungu-10 cm.
- Bakha umhlabathi we-peat yabo, isihlabathi, ishidi ne-turf inhlabathi (zonke izinto zithathwa ngokulingana).
- Ama-cutways abekwe kwi-substrate bese alinda cishe amasonto ama-3.
- Lapho lesi sitshalo siba nezimpande, sitshalwa ebhodweni elisha, singakhohlwa ngohlelo lokudonsa amanzi.
IScrandra ayivelakukhanywa ngembewu, ngoba imbali inamathele ngezinto ezinjalo zokutshala. Uma, noma kunjalo, kunqunywe ukusebenzisa le ndlela, bese ulandela uhlelo ngokuqinile:
- I-substrate yenziwa ngesihlabathi kanye ne-peat, izakhi zithathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo.
- Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini.
- Nikeza + 23 ... +24 ° С.
- Futha kanye ngeviki.
- Amahlumela okuqala kwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto amabili.
- Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ama-4 noma ngaphezulu ezitshalweni, atshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Amaphutha we-Crossandra Care, izifo kanye nezinambuzane
Ukulinywa kwe-Crossandra kufaka ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene, okuvame ukubangelwa ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi engeyona:
| Izimpawu (ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle emaqabungeni) | Isizathu | Izindlela zokulungisa |
| Ukusonteka nokuwa. | Umswakama ophansi, ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu. | Umswakama womoya wasendlini uyanda, ngoba lesi sitshalo siyafafazwa futhi sifakwe esikhwameni ngamatshe aminyene ne-peat. Umthunzi kusuka ekuchayweni uye elangeni eliqondile. |
| Uphuzi. | Ukuntuleka kwamantongomane. Ukujikeleza kohlelo lwezimpande olubangelwa inhlabathi enamanzi okuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi. | Isitshalo sitsaliwe. Uhlelo lwezimpande luyahlolwa ukuthi kukhona ukubola, izindawo ezithintekile ziyasuswa, zidluliselwe enhlabathini entsha. |
| Ukuwa ngemuva nje kokubukeka. | Yeqa izinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa. | Izinga lokushisa lilungiswa egumbini. Ngithuthela imbali endaweni entsha, ngivikele emiphumeleni yezinhlaka. |
| Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza. | Ukukhanya okungekuhle, ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi engeyinhle, ukuguga. | Zithuthelwa endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana, kepha zivikelwe emisebeni eqondile. Yenza ukusika nokuncipha ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma imbali ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-3-4 ubudala, bese ivuselelwa, ngoba amandla okuqhakaza ahambisana nobudala. |
| Amathiphu omayo. | Umswakama onganele. | Yenza ukufafaza njalo. Imbiza idluliselwa epanini elithanjelwe ngoswakama. |
| Ibala elinsundu. | Shisa | Umthunzi. Yeka ukufafaza ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhulu. |
| Ukuphela. | Kukhanya kakhulu. | Isitshalo sinombala. |
| Ukwenza mnyama kwesibindi. | Isikhunta. | Ngesilonda esincane, baphathwa ngeTopazi noma iFitosporin-M. Uma kwenzeka uvezwa ngokuqinile, usike isiqu esinempilo uvuselele isitshalo. |
| Ukubeka kwe-Powdery. | Isikhunta seLeaf. | Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela. Hambisa imbali uye emgwaqweni, susa amahlamvu alimele. Futha i-fungicides i-Fitosporin-M neTopazi. |
| Amachashazi amhlophe. | Ama-aphid. | Amahlamvu aphathwa ngesisombululo sensipho. Fafaza ngegalikhi noma ukumnika i-dandelion. Sebenzisa izinambuzane ezinambuzelayo u-Aktar, Spark. |
| Izinambuzane ezincane ezimhlophe. | I-Whitefly | |
| Uphuzi, iwebhu emhlophe emincane iyabonakala. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Khulisa umswakama womoya ngoba umkhaza uhlala endaweni eyomile. Futha nge-Fosbecid ne-Decis. |
Uma uziqaphela lezi zimpawu ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, inkinga ingaqedwa bese i-Crossander ijabulisa ngokubukeka okunempilo nokuqhakaza okumude.
