I-Spathiphyllum ingowokuzalwa okungowomndeni wama-Aroid. Homeland - Polynesia, izifunda eziseningizimu Melika, amazwe ase-Asia asempumalanga.
Incazelo ye-spathiphyllum
Isitshalo asinaso isiqu, amahlamvu asezimpandeni akha inqwaba ngokuqondile evela enhlabathini.
Kukhona imbumbulu efushane. Amaqabunga angama-oval, abe nomthambo ophakathi nendawo obonakalayo. Ama-inflorescence anomlenze ophakeme; kwisisekelo kukhona iveli elimhlophe.
Izinhlobo ze-spathiphyllum
Ukuze ukhule ekhaya, izinhlobo eziningana ze-spathiphyllum ziyafaneleka:
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Wallis | Shrub kuze kufike ku-45 cm ukuphakama, ubude be-inflorescence cishe buyi-10 cm. Ibonwa njengonhlobonhlobo omncane kakhulu we-whimsical. |
| Dominoes | Amahlamvu angacocekile ahlanzekile anemikhawulo ekhomba. Umbala - luhlaza ojulile olunemisipha emhlophe ebekwe ngokungahleliwe. Ukuhlobisa okuphezulu nobude bezimbali kuyahlukaniswa. |
| UChopin | I-Shrub ekhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-40. Amaqabunga ahlanganisiwe anemithambo ekhanyayo. Iphunga elimnandi. |
| Isinxephezelo | Isitshalo seHybrid. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle ikhula ibe ngu-1.5 m. Ama-inflorescence amakhulu futhi aqhakazile. |
| Ukuqina | Shrub kuze kufike ku-30 cm amahlamvu amnyama. |
| Ukuqhakaza | Ama-inflorescence aphakathi nendawo Ama-oval ashiya eba mnyama njengoba i-spathiphyllum ikhula. Ine-peduncle ende. |
| Kumnandi | Isitshalo esikhula sibe ngama-60 cm, amaqabunga mide, ama-petioles aqinile. Eduze kwezindlebe kukhona ingubo emhlophe emhlophe ebukeka ifana nefulegi. |
| Ayikwazi | Isihlahla seHybrid, esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amagumbi. Amahlamvu amakhulu we-oval. |
| Yakheka ngesipuni | Ikhula ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-1. Ihamba ngesigaxa se-ellipse, ubude - 40 cm, ububanzi obungu-20 cm. Amapuleti - acwebezelayo anemiphetho ye-wavy. |
| Helix | Inembobo emhlophe, imnyama njengoba ikhula. Ubude bamaqabunga e-elliptic bufika ku-0.5 cm. |
ISpathiphyllum idume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, ngakho abafuyi bezitshalo bahlala bekhulisa izinhlobo ezintsha. Abazali bengxenye eyinhloko yazo yizinhlobo ezinjengeWallis nezimbali.
Kwezinhlobonhlobo ezithile, ubude bungama-2-5 cm, kwezinye buba ngu-45 cm. Phakathi kwabo, okulandelayo kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile:
- IMauna Loa - ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm, inamahlamvu aminyene.
- IPetite luhlobo oluncane olufika kuphela ku-18 cm, ubude bamapuleti amaqabunga buyi-5 cm.
- IClevlandii ingamahlamvu amancane, anwebekile anemiphetho ye-wavy.
- IPicasso yizinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, emafulethini kunezingxenye ezimhlophe neziluhlaza.
Izimo zesizini ze-spathiphyllum
Lapho unakekela imbali ekhaya, udinga ukugxila enkathini yonyaka:
| I-Factor | Mashi-Septhemba | Okthoba -Febhuwari |
| Indawo / Isibani | Indawo enhle yifasitela lasempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga. Ukukhanya kukuhle, kepha kuchithakele. | Mboza ngesibani se-fluorescent. |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ... +23 ° С. Vikela kokusalungiswa. | Ngaphansi kuka +18 ° С. |
| Umswakama | Ileveli - 65-70%. Njalo kufafazwa ngamanzi afudumele abilisiwe. Imbiza ifakwa epanini elinamatshe amanzi amanzi. | Kanye ngesonto, kufafazwe ngamanzi afudumele. |
| Ukunisela | Ngemuva kokumiswa komphezulu wangaphezulu. Kukabili kuze kube kathathu ngesonto. | Kanye ngesonto. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Faka umanyolo wamanyolo wamaminerali onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus. Sebenzisa i-vermicompost, imidwebo yenyoni. | Kanye emavikini angama-3-4. Izimbiwa ezinamaminerali ezine-nitrogen. |
Ukuguqulwa kwe-spathiphyllum kuzimo zegumbi
Izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuthenga, kuyalulekwa ukuthi zingathinti imbali, ngoba ihlangabezana nengcindezi enkulu ehlotshaniswa nokushintsha kokuqukethwe. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa hhayi ngaphambili kune-adaptha yezitshalo.
Ukusheshisa lokhu, ibhodwe lihanjiswa egumbini elimnyama lapho ilanga lingangeni khona. Kule ndawo, i-spathiphyllum ibanjwa amasonto angama-3-4, bese kwenziwa ukufakelwa. Uma imbali ithengwe ngenkathi yokukhula, khona-ke ayithutheki kuze kube sekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi.
Esihlahleni, kukhethwa isitsha esenziwe ngeplastiki noma ngobumba, ngoba umswakama ugcinwa ezitsheni ezinjalo isikhathi eside. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele kube nokuvuleka kokudonsa ngaphansi komkhumbi ukuze amanzi angaqongeleli bese ama-rhizomes abola.
Isitsha kufanele sibe nobubanzi obungu-2-3 cm ubukhulu kunesedlule. Isihlahla esincane asikaze sitshale masinyane ezimbizeni ezinkulu, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande alukwazi ukumunca wonke umhlabathi, luzoqala ukumuncu.
Umhlaba uthengwa esitolo noma wenziwe ngokuzimela. Inhlabathi ikhethiwe ivundile, igcwele izakhi eziwusizo futhi ezinempilo. Ngokwemvelo, imbali ikhula ezindaweni eziqukethe umquba, amagatsha, amaqabunga awile namalahle. Nge-dilution yegumbi, ungalungiselela ingxube efanayo.
Isendlalelo sezihlahla ezikhulayo zingaba nezinto ezilandelayo, ezithathwe ngokwesilinganiso 2: 4: 1: 1: 1:
- inhlabathi engadini;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi;
- humus;
- umhlaba onobumnandi.
Njengoba usulungisile inhlabathi nembiza, ungaqhubeka nokufakelwa, ngenxa yokuxineka kwasesizalweni, kuphela indlela yokudlulisela esetshenzisiwe bese kulandelwa uhlelo olulandelayo:
- Ingqimba yokudonsa equkethe ubumba olwandisiwe namatshe amatshe abekwa phansi komkhumbi omusha.
- Fafaza umhlaba phezulu.
- I-shrub etholakala ebhodweni iniselwa kakhulu, lokhu kuyadingeka ukwenza lula inqubo yokususwa kwesitshalo.
- Sika zonke izinqubo ezilandelwayo.
- Isigaxa sobumba siyasuswa ethangini elidala bese sifakwa enkabeni entsha. Ama-voids akhiwe ezinhlangothini agcwele ingxube yenhlabathi elungiselelwe, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamaphakethe omoya.
- Imbali iyaniselwa, uma umhlaba usezinzile, engeza okusha okusha.
- Hambisa endaweni emnyama.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-spathiphyllum ifafazwa izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kepha ayinakuniselwa. Ukubamba imbala ngokuphelele kuzokwenzeka emavikini ayi-2-3. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela kokuqalisa ukuchelela.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Spathiphyllum
Lapho ikhule ngaphakathi, imbali isakazwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- ukusika;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla;
- ukutshala imbewu.
Lapho ukhetha indlela yokuqala yokuzalanisa, kulandelwa i-algorithm elandelayo:
- Izimbambo ezinobude obungu-10 cm zinqunywa kusuka ku-spathiphyllum yabantu abadala.
- Isendlalelo sakhiwe ngesihlabathi esimanzi ne-perlite ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1. Isitsha se-midzi - inkomishi encane yepulasitiki.
- Izinqubo zibekwa emhlabathini, zimbozwe ngefilimu ukuqinisekisa izimo zokugcina ukushisa. Ngokusebenzisa ingilazi, inqubo yokusungula isitshalo izobonakala.
- Lapho i-shrub inamandla, ifilimu iyasuswa bese imbali idluliselwa ebhodweni elihlukile.
Uma kukhethwe ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahlana, khona-ke "izingane" ziyavela kwisisekelo sayo. Ngo-Mashi, ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela futhi atshalwe enhlabathini eyenziwe njalo (sebenzisa inketho efanayo neyokuxhunyelelwa). Zonke izenzo zenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu ukuze kungalimazi i-spathiphyllum.
Ungase futhi uhlukanise i-rhizome. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lapho ubeka kabusha isihlahla, uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili (kusetshenziswa ummese obunjiwe), ngemuva kwalokho bathuthelwa ukuhlukanisa iziqukathi.
Ukuzala kabusha ngendlela yembewu akwenziwa, ngoba kudinga isikhathi esiningi futhi akunikeli mphumela we-100%. Uma usasebenzisa lo msebenzi wokutshala, bese ulandela leli cebo:
- Imbewu itshalwe endaweni engaphansi kwesihlabathi kanye ne-peat (1: 1).
- Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa.
- Faka umoya njalo kuze kube sekubizeni.
Izithombo eziqinisiwe zithuthelwa ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Izifo, izilokazane nobunzima be-spathiphyllum ekhulayo
I-spathiphyllum ekhula ekhaya ihambisana nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane nezifo ezibangelwa ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi engeyinhle:
| Izimpawu Ukuboniswa kwamaqabunga | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Imiphetho neziqu kuphenduka mnyama. | Ukugeleza ngokweqile. | Susa amanzi ngokweqile, usakaze i-sphagnum ngaphezulu, ususe umhlabathi ofile kanye nezingxenye zezimpande. |
| Phuma. | Umswakama ophansi. | Lungisa isilinganiso somswakama, fafaza amahlamvu amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku kusuka esibhamu sokufafaza. Isitsha esinezimbali sithuthwa esikhwameni esinobumba olwandisiwe. Ebusika, suka kude nemishini yokushisa. |
| Uphuzi. | Ukudana ngenxa yokusilela kokudla okunempilo. | Kuhanjiswa esikebheni esisha, kususa inhlabathi yakudala ngangokunokwenzeka. Shiya amasonto ambalwa ngaphandle komanyolo ukuze ususe uhlelo lwezimpande. |
| Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali | Okuqukethwe okungasebenzi kahle: ukukhanyisa okungekuhle, umswakama onganele, ukuthambisa kabi, ukusweleka noma ukweqisa izakhi zomzimba. | Lungisa into ngayinye yokunakekelwa ngokuya ngezidingo. |
| Shisa | Umphumela wokukhanya kwelanga ngqo. | Ubekwe endaweni emnyama. |
| Ukubuna. | Ukushoda noma umswakama ngokweqile. Umhlabathi ompofu. | Lawula ukuchelela: inhlabathi eyomile iyaniselwa, futhi inyiswe ngokweqile - yomile. Uma umhlaba usinda, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sitshalwa kabusha sibe yi-substrate elula. |
| Yelula. | Ukukhanya okungekuhle. | Hambisa egumbini eliqhakazile. |
| Ukukhula kancane. | Umthamo omningi. | Itshalwe ebhodweni enobukhulu obuncane. |
| Izinambuzane eziningi eziluhlaza okotshani. | Isihlangu. | Abantu abadala bayasuswa ngesandla, amahlamvu ayo ahlanzwa ngensipho eluhlaza futhi afafazwe nganoma yisiphi isinambuzane. Izenzo ziphindwa ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3. |
| I-Powdery coating. | I-sooty mushroom. | Iphathwa ngamanzi anensipho. |
| Iwebhu emhlophe. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Ehlanzwa yisisombululo se-soapy, siphathwa nganoma yisiphi isinambuzane. |
| Inhlanganisela emhlophe ye-wax. | I-Mealybug. | Amaqabunga afafazwe ngokufakwa kwe-citrus peel. |
| Ukushona, ukubukeka kwebala eliphuzi elimhlophe. | Ama-Thrips. | Lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-Lightning, Actellik noma Fitoverm. |
Ngokukhonjwa kanye nokuqedwa kwalezi zinkinga ngesikhathi, lesi sitshalo siyojabulisa ukubukeka okunempilo nokuqhakaza. Uma wephuza ukwelashwa, khona-ke i-spathiphyllum iqala ukujika iphuzi, ibune bese ifa.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: i-spathiphyllum - imbali yenjabulo yabesifazane
ISpathiphyllum inamagama amaningana ngasikhathi sinye - umnduze womhlaba, umkhumbi omhlophe, injabulo yabesifazane, kepha eyokugcina ibhekwa njengenketho evame kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinamandla amakhulu omlingo.
Ngokunakekela ikhwalithi yomhlaba okwezinga eliphakeme, uzobonga inkosikazi yakhe, imnikeze injabulo, injabulo nokuthula kwengqondo. Lezi zimbali zikhulisa ukuzethemba, ziqinisa impilo, futhi zikuvumela ukuba uthole ukuvumelana ngokwakho nomhlaba ongaphandle.
Izimpawu eziningana zihambisana nalesi sitshalo:
- uma le mbali yethulwe kowesifazane ongashadile, kungekudala uzohlangana nothando lwayo lweqiniso;
- ukungabikho kwezingane, kukuvumela ukuthi uzizwe injabulo yokuba ngumama;
- kuthuthukisa ukuvumelana ebudlelwaneni.
Qinisa isenzo se-spathiphyllum ngokuthenga injabulo yabesilisa - abanturium. Ukuhlanganiswa kwale mibala kuzonikeza umndeni ukuvumelana kwangempela, ezothando nokuqonda.
