I-Iberis isitshalo esibethelwayo eSpain. Kwenzeka ngesimo sezulu esishisayo saseYurophu, e-Asia Minor, eCaucasus, eCrimea, ezindaweni eziphansi zeDon. Abafuyi bazala izinhlobo eziningana eziyishumi. Imibhalo yonyaka kanye nonyaka uyatholakala. Izitshalo zingaba notshani nezihlahla. Abathandekayo bakhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele; ama-perennials abekezelela kahle iqhwa.
Incazelo ye-Iberis
I-Iberis (iberis) ibizwa nangokuthi i-stennik, i-heterogeneous, i-Iberian. Iziqu zawo ziqondile, zinamagatsha, zikhula zibe ngama-30 cm, kwezinye izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo. Amapuleti amaqabunga aphakanyisiwe, abushelelezi, acwebezelayo, aluhlaza okotshani noma aluhlaza ogqamile, obude obuyi-4-7 cm, ahlelwe ngokuhlukile. Amaqabunga aqhekekile noma e-cirrus-dissected, imiphetho iyindilinga.
Ama-umbrella inflorescence ngesikhathi sezimbali enza isigqoko esimhlophe qhwa, ngenxa yokuthi amahlamvu awo angabonakali futhi aqukethe iphunga elimnandi nelinothile. Iphalethi lamaphalishi limhlophe kakhulu, kepha kutholakala opinki, o-lilac, onsomi. Qhakaza ngoMeyi, bese kuthi ngo-Agasti, aqhakaze izinyanga ezimbili, unyaka uqhubeka isikhathi eside. Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali, ububanzi besihlahla bungama-80-100 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwakhiwa i-pod enezinhlamvu ezincane.
Uhlelo lwezimpande lubaluleke kakhulu, luqukethe impande enkulu kanye ne-lateral. Ngenxa yalokhu, isitshalo asikuthandi ukufakelwa.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-Iberis
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amane.
| Iqembu | Izinhlobo | Incazelo | Izinhlobo |
| Ababhali | Ukhathazekile | Kusuka eMedithera. Ifinyelela ku-30 cm, amahlumela ahlutshiwe angama-pubescent. Amaqabunga ama-back-lanceolate, angunxantathu onqenqemeni, welungiselelo elilandelayo. Ama-inflorescences angamakholomu, aqoqwe ngebhulashi, aqhakaza iphalethi elimhlophe, elimhlophe. Iqhakaza kuzo zonke izinyanga zasehlobo. |
|
| Isambulela | Kusuka Eningizimu Yurophu. Ifinyelela ku-40 cm, inamahlumela abushelelezi futhi ahlutshiwe. Amaqabunga angavamile, ama-lanceolate, aluhlaza okotshani. Ama-inflorescence yi-corymbose, ububanzi obuyi-5-6 cm.I-White, i-lilac petals ayiwa izinyanga ezimbili. |
| |
| Okungenasisekelo | I-Evergreen | I-Shrub evela e-Asia Minor. Kufika kuma-40 cm anemibala eluhlaza okotshani, oblong ne-shiny. Ama-umbrella inflorescence afinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu, izimbali ezimhlophe, ziyaqhakaza kabili ngesizini. |
|
| IGibraltar | Kuvela eSpain. I-Semi-evergreen, kuze kube ngu-25 cm, ihlala iminyaka emi-2. Ama-inflorescences ayisambulela, amancane, apinki kanye ne-lilac. |
| |
| Isigebengu | Sisakazwa enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Kufika ku-5-10 cm, okuluhlaza okotshani, amaqabunga e-pubescent, amaqabunga aqabulayo, amahlumela anwabuzelayo. Izimbali ezingama-Purple ziyaqhakaza zibe mhlophe. Ulungisa inhlabathi ngokuqukethwe kilojoule. | ||
| Rocky | Kusuka ezifundeni ezinamadwala eziseningizimu yeYurophu. Ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ibumba umcamelo obukhulu wamaphembe amhlophe qhwa abukeka njengamaqhwa eqhwa. Ayibekezeleli isithwathwa, idinga indawo yokukhosela. Kepha abazithobisi inhlabathi kanye nomswakama. | ||
Ukukhula Iberis kusuka KuMbewu
Indlela yokukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni yiyona evame kakhulu, kulula ukuyithenga esitolo, ungaziqoqa ngokwakho.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngo-Ephreli ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, kwesinye isikhathi kabili ngesikhala sezinsuku eziyi-15-20, zokuqhakaza ehlobo nasekwindla. Ukhula inhlabathi, bambe, ukhiphe. Kwenziwa imisele, bese imbewu ibekwa ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-5. Ngemuva kokuvela, ngemuva kwamasonto amabili inqanyulwe ukuze ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla libe ngu-12-15 cm.
Uma kumakhaza ebusuku, yenza abamba ukushisa okuncane, ukumboza leyo ndawo ngefilimu.
Amahlumela avela ngezinsuku eziyi-10-15.
Ukuhlwanyela nezithombo
Imbewu yezinhlanyelo ihlwanyelwa ngoFebhuwari futhi ekuqaleni kukaMashi ezitsheni ezine-peat, sawdust nesihlabathi noma ezibhebheni ezihlukile ze-peat, ziphonsa imbewu eyodwa. Inhlabathi evundile iqale ihlanjululwe nge-manganese noma ngamanzi abilayo. Sabalalisa ngokulinganayo imbewu ngo-1 mm, ufafaze kancane ngesihlabathi somfula, u-moisten ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Mboza ngengilazi, ifilimu bese ubeka endaweni efudumele ngokukhanya okungafani. Njengoba yomile, fafaza inhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuvela, ungathuli. Ngaphambi kokuba wehle, imbali yezimbali iyathukuthela, ithathe umgwaqo izinsuku eziyishumi.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ekwindla sekwedlule, lapho isimo sezulu sibanda khona, ukuze izithombo zingabonakali ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo. Bazovuka ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ukufakelwa
Ungatshala izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushisa, ngokubheka imithetho ethile.
Isikhathi sokwehlukanisa
Ukutshala izithombo embhedeni wezimbali kuvame ukwenziwa ngoMeyi, lapho kudlula igagasi lesithwathwa. Isiza sidinga indawo enokhanyayo kahle, enenhlabathi enamatshe, enesihlabathi noma enamadwala, ngaphandle kokuqina komswakama. Emthunzini oyingxenye, i-Iberis ngeke iqhume kakhulu. Ekwindla, kufakwa umquba esizeni.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, izithombo zisuswa ngokucophelela kanye nomhlaba ngenqubo yokudlulisela ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande. Phakathi kwezihlahla ibanga lingamasentimitha ayi-12-16. Thinta inhlabathi eduze kwezihlahla, uyanisela.
Lapho utshala izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, udinga ukwenza ibanga elikhudlwana ukuze zingabi uthuli.
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Kuvunwa izilimo zonyaka. Ngama-perennials, izimbali ezinotshani ziyasuswa, amahlumela anqunywa ku-1/3, ukunikeza isitshalo ukubukeka okuhle.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu
Imbewu kumakhamba avuthwa phakathi nenkathi yehlobo. Ama-pods aqoqwa kaningana, omisiwe, kukhishwe imbewu. Gcina endaweni emnyama, epholile emasakeni wezindwangu, aqhamukela kuze kube iminyaka emine. Ama-Iberis asabalalisa futhi azihlwayele imbewu yakho, vele kuvele izithombo entwasahlobo ezinciphile.
Ubusika
Ingxenye ye-aarat ifingqiwe ebusika. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, imbali engapheli ibekezelela ubusika kahle. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, izitshalo ziyathenwa futhi zimbozwe ngamaqabunga awileyo, amagatsha akhula ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi, ikakhulukazi uma ubusika bungamakhaza futhi kungekho qhwa.
Izici Zokunakekelwa Kwe-Iberis
Lesi sitshalo sinesondlo esingenakubekezelelwa futhi esincane. Ngokwesomiso, imbali iniselwa kancane, ingakwenza ngaphandle komanyolo. Kodwa, ukuze uzuze izimbali eziningi, kungcono ukwethula ukuxubeka okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye ngesizini. Khulula umhlaba bese ukhula ukhula. Amahlumela omisiwe ayasuswa.
Izitshalo ezifike eminyakeni emihlanu zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwazo kokuhlobisa, izimbali ziba zincane kakhulu. Zidinga ukutshalwa kabusha.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Iberis imelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Ukuze ugweme ukhunta, indawo ngaphambi kokutshala iniselwa ngama fungicides. Thinta:
- I-Cruciferous keel - lapho izimpande zayo zonakala. Isitshalo siyacekelwa phansi futhi indawo ethelelekile iphathwa nge lime.
- Isikhumba esimnyama (i-rhizoctonysis) - sivela ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo nesinomswakama. Isitshalo sinamabala ansundu, ansundu. Ngemuva kokumba nokushisa isihlahla esinezifo, umhlaba uphathwa nge-chloride yethusi.
I-Iberis nezinambuzane ziyahlasela:
- I-Mealybug - inhlanganisela emhlophe kwi-amahlumela. Baphathwa nge-infusion yegalikhi, iMospilan, i-Aktara.
- Iklabishi i-aphid - ishiya i-wilt, iphendukele ophuzi, izimbali ziwe. Faka insipho ye-potash ewuketshezi noma i-Actellik, Neoron.
- Ama-fleas aluhlaza - izimbungulu ezincane ezimnyama zidla amaqabunga, ifomu lezimbobo kuwo. Nikeza inhlabathi eduzane nesihlahla, ngoba izinambuzane azithandi umswakama. Ingxube eyomile yomlotha nogwayi, isixazululo seviniga siyasiza.
Ukuzala
Kunezinye izindlela ezimbili zokwandisa i-Iberis ngezisiko nokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Lapho ngokuxhunyelelwa emva kokuqhakaza ekugcineni kwehlobo, amahlumela anqunywa abe yizicucu aze afike ku-10 cm, abekwe ezimbizeni zezingcezu ezi-3-4, afakwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa ukuze ukhule, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, sakaza entwasahlobo, khetha amasampula aqinile, aqhakazayo, izitshalo ezihlukile zitshalwa emigodini enomhlabathi ogwayiwe, zifinyeze ngo-1/3.
I-Iberis ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Ukubuka okuhle kwe-Iberis kwakha ukwakheka kwezindawo ezivandeni, ezingadini zezimbali. Amabanga aphansi asetshenziswa emagqumeni e-alpine, utshani, ama-curbs. Bayibeka ndawonye nge-phlox, i-petunia, i-alissum, i-saxifrage, i-violet yasebusuku, i-milkweed, ama-marigolds, ama-tulips, ama-stonecrops. Imbali iyahambisana neypypress, juniper, pine emfushane.
I-Iberis ikhule ezitsheni kumathafa, ama-loggias, asetshenziselwa izinxanxathela zomshado.
UMnu Dachnik wazisa: Izici zokwelapha ze-Iberis kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha
I-Iberis inomphumela wokwelapha. Inama-alkaloids, ama-flavonoid, umunyu, ama-glycosides, ama-esters. Izici eziwusizo zesitshalo zisetshenziswa ku-cardiology.
Ukumiliselwa kwe-gorky kusetshenziswa njenge-choleretic, anti-inflammatory, futhi nokwelapha amanxeba amancane, ama-abrasions. I-Iberis isiza ekugijimeni ukuhamba kwegazi, izifo zamathumbu, izinkinga ze-gynecological kwabesifazane kanye ne-urological emadodeni. Futhi, nge-pathology yesibindi, umkhuhlane, i-bronchitis, i-tonsillitis, izinhlungu ezihlangene.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isitshalo sinobuthi futhi kungcono ukubonana nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa. I-Iberis i-contraindicated kukhulelwe, i-lactating, izingane futhi ithambekele kuma-allergies.
