I-pumpkin butternut iyinhlobonhlobo e-hybrid eyabiwa e-United States ngemuva kokuwela i-nutmeg nethanga lase-Afrika maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Izinhlobonhlobo zithandwa kakhulu eMexico, lapho zikhulela khona kwezentengiso, futhi zivamile naseYurophu. Igama lahumusha ngokwezwi nezwi ngokuthi "ibhotela nati" noma "ibhotela lamantongomane."
Izici kanye nencazelo yethanga
I-Butternut iyaziswa ngokuqina kwayo okukhethekile. Njengoba incazelo ye-Culinary isho, inyama ye-raft ine-flavour enempilo, ukuthungwa okumnyama, iphunga elimnandi. Ithanga ligcinwa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke yonke indawo ikhula njengesitshalo se-agrotechnical. "I-Butter" ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni zakuqala, umjikelezo wempilo ojwayelekile wokufinyelela ekuvuthweni kwezobuchwepheshe izinyanga eziyi-3-4.
Ochwepheshe beCulinary bayayithanda imifino ngoba ilungiselelo lekhethelo lezimbewu, ezigxilwe engxenyeni engezansi yezithelo ze-oblong, efana neparele. Ipulangwe yonke ayidingi kuhlanzwa okwengeziwe.
Kukhona ithanga le-nati yezinhlobo ezimbili: i-shrubby kanye noluka. Ubude bamahlumela wokuqala yi-1.5 m, owesibili - ama-2,5 m. Ububanzi bamaqabunga esitshalo esidala ngamasentimitha angama-30. Izimbali zesitshalo ziqala ngoJuni, ama-inflorescence aphuzi futhi makhulu. Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela kuma-ovari ayi-15. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zifinyelela isisindo esingu-1.5-2,5 kg.
Izinhlobonhlobo azimelani nesithwathwa, zingafa ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa ngaphansi kuka +10 ° C. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sitshalo sicishe singatheleleki ezifweni, uma izimo ezikhulayo zibonwa.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezinhlobonhlobo
Isiko lidumile ngenxa yezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Isikhumba esincane. Isithelo kulula ukusisika, akukho mzamo owengeziwe owadingeka.
- Imbewu zigxiliwe phansi kwephampu futhi kulula ukuzikhipha. Cishe ama-60% we-pulp awazinzalo ngokuphelele.
- Iphunga le-muscat elimnandi nokunambitheka kwasekuqaleni. Akunalo iphunga elithile lethanga. I-pulp ilungele kahle zombili izitsha ezinosawoti nezinoshukela. Izindlela zokupheka ezithandwa kakhulu zifaka ukubhaka kuhhavini ngesinamoni, engeza kuphalishi noju.
- Izithelo ezincane. Amathanga afinyelela ngaphezu kuka-2,5 kg, okubenza bakulungele ukugcina futhi badle. Ingcezu eyodwa idliwa isitsha ngasinye.
- Impilo yeshalofu ende egumbini lokushisa. I-butternate ingagcina ukutsha kwezezinyanga eziyi-6-7, kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ngeshwa, izinhlobonhlobo zinobunzima obuhlukahlukene obenza kube nzima ukutshala:
- Ukufunwa kwezimo zokushisa. Lesi sitshalo ngeke sikhule emzileni osenyakatho emhlabathini ovulekile, ngoba asikubekezeleli nakancane ukupholisa ebusuku. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma kwalesi simo ukufika ekuqaleni kwesembozo ngaphansi kwekhava ukuze ithanga lithele izithelo ngaphambi kokuqala kokuphola kukaSepthemba ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeRussia.
- Isidingo sokunakekelwa njalo.
- Ukubheka ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi.
Izithombo ezikhulayo
Izithombo kufanele zihlwanyelwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kusasele inyanga, imbewu inconyelwe ukuba ibekwe endaweni efudumele ukwandisa inani lama-inflorescences abesifazane. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele zigezwe ngamanzi afudumele, omisiwe, bese zishiyelwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-1-2. Ngokulandelayo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile ze-peat. Kuze kuqhume amahlumela okuqala, iziqukathi zidinga ukumbozwa nge-polyethylene ukuze kwakhiwe i-mini-greenhouse.
Kungenzeka ukuthi udlulise izithombo endaweni evulekile ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amathathu okungenani.
Ukulungiselela umbhede
Ingadi kufanele ivundiswe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi okuphelele kwezilimo ezikhulayo yinhlanganisela yengadi, umhlaba we-turf kanye ne-coconut briquette ngokulingana kwe-2: 1: 2. Ngaphambi kokuba wehle, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi umhlaba ufudumele ngokwanele. Uma inhlabathi isabanda, ungangeza umquba kuyo. Inketho elula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu esobala. Ukumboza inhlabathi izinsuku ezingama-2-3, ungafinyelela izinga lokushisa elidingekayo.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini
Indawo ekahle yokutshala inelanga, ingashaywa, ngaphandle kokhula. Amahlumela angatshalwa lapho efinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-15. Isimo sezulu kufanele sifudumele emgwaqweni, kungcono ukuqala ukuthutha ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kulungiselelwe umgodi ngamunye onesihlabathi esingamasentimitha ayi-10. Ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwezimbobo ngu-50 cm, phakathi kwezintambo ngu-50-60 cm.
Ukufakwa kwamalambu kufanele kwenziwe kusihlwa. Izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-3-4, nisela isitshalo nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kokuthinta isiqu namahlamvu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwebanga le-Butternat
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle amaqanda, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kune-+15 ° C. Ezifundeni ezibandayo, indawo yokuhlala kwifilimu ebonakalayo izodingeka ebusuku. Ithanga lidinga ukuthambisa njalo, inhlabathi akufanele yome futhi iqhekeke. Kunconywa ukwengeza i-potassium humate kwikhambi elinamanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10. Ngesikhathi sokuzala izikhathi ezi-2, ekuqaleni nasekupheleni, kusetshenziswa Umanyolo we-Fertik. Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhuphukayo kumele ziboshwe kuma-trellises.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukuvikela ezifweni nasezigulini, njalo emavikini ama-2 kufanele ufafaze isihlahla nge-Aktara neFundazol. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka, izinyathelo ezithile kumele zithathwe, kuya ngenkinga esevelile.
| Ukulimala kwesifo / inambuzane / Ukulimala kweLeaf | Izimpawu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Bacteriosis | Amabala ansundu ezitsheni noma ezitshalweni. | Susa izindawo ezithintekile, okuhle kunakho konke - nesitshalo uqobo. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe bese amaqabunga e-curl eshiya. | Fafaza i-sulfate yethusi engu-1% kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziphela. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Uphuzi, uyafisa. | Fafaza amahlumela angezansi wokugawula. |
| Ukubola okumhlophe | Ubumsulwa esiqwini namahlamvu, bube mnyama. | Sika izindawo ezithintekile, ufafaze umlotha. |
| Ama-aphid | Izilokazane ezimnyama noma eziluhlaza esiqwini. | Fafaza ngesisombululo sikagalikhi. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Isicabucabu webs on the amahlumela. | Sebenzisa isixazululo sikagalikhi ngokufafaza. |
Ukubutha nokugcina ithanga le-walnut
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zobuchwepheshe zingavunwa ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Uma inkathi yemvula iqala ekuseni, kuzodingeka usheshe ukhiphe amathanga awashiye avuthwe endaweni emnyama neyomile. Ithanga kufanele libe yi-orange hue ethambile.
Ukugcinwa kufanele kwenziwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Umswakama ekhasini. Uma igumbi linomswakama ophezulu, akunakwenzeka ukushiya indlu yokugeza kulo.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwethanga le-nati
Izithelo ziphansi kilojoule, ngakho-ke zingafakwa ekudleni lapho ukunciphisa isisindo, uma kungenakuphekwe ngomlilo, kepha kubhakwe. Okuqukethwe okucebile kwezinto ezilandelwayo kukuvumela ukuthi uqinise uhlelo lwenhliziyo nolwezinzwa. Izinto eziwusizo zivuselela ukuqedwa kobuthi, ubuthi, uketshezi oluningi oluqhamuka emzimbeni. Izinto eziningi zinciphisa i-cholesterol.
Kusuka ku- "uwoyela nati" akukuhle kuphela, kepha futhi kuyalimaza. Umkhiqizo uthinta kabi isimo seziguli ezinesifo se-gastritis, izilonda noma okunye ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. I-pulp inyusa i-acidity yesisu, okuholela ekwandeni kwamaphesenti kashukela egazini.
