Abalandeli beqiniso bemibhede yemifino bafuna izitshalo ezimibalabala ezimibalabala ukuba zijabule ngisho nasebusika. Isipho sangempela kulabo abalimi bembali banesitshalo. hellebore, okuyinto engayithokozisa ngezimbali zayo ngisho noNovemba futhi ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Mayelana ne-hellebore, izinhlobo zayo nezinhlobonhlobo, funda.
I-Black Hellebore (i-Helleborus niger)
Lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu futhi ethandwa efomeni lokuklama i-landscape i-hellebore. Emvelweni, kuvame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezisuka eningizimu yeJalimane naseNtshonalanga yaseBalkan, ekhula ikakhulukazi ezintabeni zezintaba. I-hellebore emnyama iyimifino ehlala isikhathi eside esakwazi ukwelula kuze kube ngu-30 cm. Ihlukaniswe yizimbali ezinkulu eziqondiswe phezulu, ububanzi bayo bufinyelela ku-8 cm. Zakhiwa ngamadonki amancane kakhulu (kufika ku-60 cm) futhi zihlukaniswa umbala onemibala emibili - iqhwa elimhlophe embali kanye ne-pink ekhanyayo ngaphandle.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-hellebore omnyama kuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho ezinye izitshalo ziqala ukuvuselela. Ihlala cishe amasonto amabili. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, aqinile kakhulu, angawa ebusika. Ngendlela, ubusika be-hardiness yalolu hlobo lwamahrivishini lukhulu kakhulu - lubekezelela kalula ukushisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu -35 ° C. Lezi zinhlobo zinama-subspecies amabili - ama-nigercors ne-nigristern.
Futhi ku-floriculture yokuhlobisa, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-black hellebore zivamile:
- "Isondo lombumbi"Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-hellebore, eziveza izimbali ezinkulu kakhulu ezingafinyelela ububanzi obuyi-12 cm.
- "I-HGC uJoshuwa". Kungokwezibalo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-black hellebore, lapho izimbali zivela khona ngoNovemba.
- "Praecox"Ezinye izinhlobo ze-hellebore, ezikhula ngoNovemba.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izinhlobo ze-hellebore zinobuthi, nakuba ama-rhizomes awo asetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuphulukisa ukwelashwa kwe-hellebore kuphela ekucebiseni odokotela nokucabangela yonke imithetho yokulungiselela imithi yokwelashwa. Abantu ababhekene nezifo zenhliziyo nesibindi, ukwelashwa kwe-hellebore kunqatshelwe.
I-hellebore yaseCaucasia (Helleborus caucasicus)
Igama laleli hellebore kucacile ukuthi livame kakhulu eCaucasus, nakuba lingavamile ezintabeni zaseGrisi naseTurkey. I-hellebore yaseCaucasia ihlukaniswa isikhathi eside sokuqhakaza - kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya phakathi kukaJuni. Izimbali nazo zakhiwa ngama-peduncles aphezulu kusuka ku-20 ukuya ku-50 cm, kodwa, ngokungafani ne-hellebore omnyama, e-Caucasus, bayamahlombe.
Ububanzi bembali ngayinye bufinyelela ku-8 cm, umbala ubumhlophe ngethunzi elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eliphuzi. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlale eluhlaza, enamahloni futhi enesigamu esingu-15 cm. Zibuye zandiswe ngenxa ye-petiole ye-oblong. Amahlamvu neziqu zibekezelela ngisho nokushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Izinhlobo ze-hellebore ezivamile zaseCaucasi ingenye yezinhlungu kakhulu, futhi, mhlawumbe, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, cishe akunakwenzeka ukufika emasimini asekhaya nasemibhedeni yemifula.
I-Moroznik Abkhaz (Helleborus abchasicus)
I-Abkhaz frostbite iyizinhlobo ezimibalabala zalesi sitshalo, ngoba ngisho namaqabunga ayo angenalutho angenayo nje umbala oluhlaza obumnyama, kodwa futhi unombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sezimbali, izinyawo ezibomvu ezibomvu ezingamamitha angu-40 zakha izimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu zombala obomvu obomvu (ngezinye izikhathi izinkomba ezimnyama zikhona nezimbali). Ububanzi bembali ngayinye buyi-8 cm, kanti isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. It has ukumelana kahle frost.
Uyazi? EJalimane, okuthandwa kakhulu yi-hellebore ebhodweni, evame ukuhanjiswa njengethuli likaKhisimusi. I-legend iphinde ihlotshaniswe nalesi sitshalo, ngokusho ukuthi yiyiphi i-hellebore eyanikeza enye yamanothi amancane kumntwana uJesu ngokuhlonipha ukuzalwa kwakhe. Kulokhu, imbali inegama elinye - "Rose of Christ".
I-Eastern Hellebore (i-Helleborus orientalis)
Izwe lakuleli lase-eastern hellebore akuyona nje iCaucasus, kodwa futhi iGrisi, ngisho naseTurkey. Lezi zinhlobo nazo ziphakathi kokuphela. Ikhula kuphela kufika ku-30 cm ukuphakama, iyajabulisa ngezimbali eziphakathi nendawo - kuze kube ngu-5 cm ububanzi. Umbala wezimbali ujabulise kakhulu - obomvu. Amaqabunga e-hellebore esempumalanga nawo anamazinga aphakathi, isakhiwo esinomzimba obukhulu futhi umbala omnyama obumnyama. Kodwa-ke, ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwalolu hlobo kuhlotshaniswa namaqabunga - ngokuvamile bahlushwa yi-fungus, ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa ukuheha kwayo.
E-floriculture kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-Eastern hellebore, phakathi kwazo okuthandwa kakhulu yizo:
- "I-white swan"I-hellebore yaseMpumalanga enezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe.
- "Rock'n'roll"Ibuye inezimbali ezikhanyayo, okukhona kuzo amachashazi abomvu-pink, okuyinto umehluko omkhulu wezinhlobonhlobo.
- "I-anemone ebomvu"I-hellebore yaseMpumalanga enezimbali ezibomvu ezikhanyayo.
- "Uchungechunge lwe-Lady"Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-hellebore zase-Oriental, isici esiyinhloko saso esihlahleni esitshaliwe esingaba namandla okufinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, izimbali zezimbali eziyisithupha zakha ngesikhathi esisodwa ezihlahleni.
I-hellebore ethinta (Helleborus foetidus)
Lezi zinhlobo ze-hellebore zivamile endle kuphela engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeYurophu, lapho kwenzeka khona emgodini, ama-slopes ahlelekile. I-hellebore enomsindo ihluke ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamagatsha ezinamaqabunga, ezibhekene nobukhona bezingxenye ezincane ezicwebezelayo, ezidwetshwe ngombala omnyama obumnyama. Amaqabunga e-overwinter yesitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza e-hellebore ephansi kuze kufike ku-30 cm ukuphakama, i-peduncle ephezulu ihlanganiswa kuze kube ngu-80 cm. I-peduncle cishe ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ne-inflorescences enenqwaba yezimbali. Ngokungafani nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, izimbali ze-hellebore ezinomsindo zincane kakhulu, zinefomu efana ne-bell. Umbala wabo awunasithakazelo esincane - oluhlaza okomvu obomvu obomvu. Ngaphezu kokumelana okuhle namazinga okushisa aphansi, le nhlobo nayo ikhuthazelela ukoma olunamandla.
E-floriculture, kunezinto ezihlukahlukene zokuhlobisa ze-stinky hellebore ezisetshenzisiwe - "Wester flisk"Ihluke kakhulu kummeleli oyinhloko wezinhlobo ngezingxenye ezincane emaqabunga kanye ne-tinge ebomvu yamahlumela ngefihlekile. Iphunga lezimbali alimnandi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Indlela yokuhlwanyela ifaneleka kakhulu ekutshaleni i-hellebore, kusukela lapho uhlwanyela imbewu, izimbali zokuqala zingabonakala kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wonyaka okhulayo. Kodwa uhlobo lwe-hellebore smelly luyakwazi ukwanda nokuzimela.
I-Frost yaseCorsican (Helleborus argutifolius)
Indawo yokuzalwa yalezi zinhlobo ze-hellebore yiziqhingi zaseMedithera zaseCorsica naseSardinia. I-hellebore yaseCorsican ingenye yezinhlobo zazo ezide kunazo zonke - iziqu zayo ziyakwazi ukwelula kuze kube ngu-75 cm ukuphakama. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, kutholakala iziqu ezimbalwa eziqondile ezivela kumsuka owodwa, oqala ngokushesha ukwandisa kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sezimbali ezihlahleni izimbali ezincane zezimbali zakhiwa, zigcwele ama-racemes amancane kakhulu ngezimbali.
Ukuma kwezimbali kuphekiwe, nombala uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Esiqhingini saseCorsica, ukuqhuma kwezilwane ze-hellebore kuqala ngoFebhuwari, kuyilapho esifundeni sethu le nkathi yenkathi yokukhula iqala ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. I-hellebore yase-Corsican ayihlukanisi ngokumelene nokuqina kwama-frost, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukumboza nge-sawdust ne-lapnik ebusika. Enye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zalezi zinhlobo yizinto ezihlukahlukene "Grunspecht"Futhi kuyisitshalo esikhulu kakhulu, esakhiwa ngo-Ephreli inflorescences yombala obomvu obomvu.
I-Red Hellebore (i-Helleborus purpurascens)
I-hellebore ebomvu ingatholakala ngisho nase-Ukraine, njengoba ingomunye wabamele izitshalo zezintaba zaseCarpathian. Lesi sitshalo sisatshalaliswa eHungary naseRomania.
Izici ezihlukile zalolu hlobo lwe-hellebore yilokhu:
- amaqabunga amakhulu ngama-petioles amade, athile ngesikhathi esifanayo anezicucu ze-palmar, futhi ahluke kumbala ohlukile wezinhlangothi zombili zeqabunga - okuphezulu kunobumba obumnyama, obunzima futhi obumhlophe, kanti okuphansi kunomsila ompunga;
- Izimbali ezibomvu ze-hellebore zihlambalaza, zidwebe ngaphandle kwe-anther embala we-violet-purple, futhi ngaphakathi ngaphakathi - ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimbali ziluhlaza okwedlulele;
- ubukhulu bezimbali buphakathi (okungaba ngu-4 cm ububanzi), kodwa bahlukaniswa iphunga elimnandi kakhulu;
- Ukuqhakaza kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli futhi kuqhubeka cishe amasonto amane.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uqoqe ngokuzimela imbewu ye-hellebore, ekwakheni ngemuva kwamabhokisi ezimbali kudingeka kuboshwe izikhwama ze-gauze. Khona-ke, uma uphahla ama-bolls, imbewu ngeke iwele emhlabathini, kodwa uhlale esikhwameni, ngemva kwalokho ungomiswa futhi uhlwanyele. Kungcono ukuhlwanyela i-hellebore ebusika ukuze imbewu ngesikhathi sokugcina ingalahlekelwa ukuhluma kwayo.
I-Hellebore hybrid (Helleborus x hybridus)
Kulezi zinhlobo ezihlukene izinhlobo eziningi ze-hellebore hybrids garden zifakiwe, ngayinye ehlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, uma uhlwanyela i-hellebore hybrid, ungayithola kwenye indawo eyodwa imibala ehlukene kakhulu yezimbali, ububanzi bayo buhluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-8 cm.
Okuthandwa kakhulu ku-floriculture izinhlobo ze-hybrid hellebore yizi:
- "I-Violetta"Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hellebore inezimbali ezimhlophe ezihlukaniswa nendawo ekhangayo ehehayo, kanye nokutholakala kwemibala emincane kakhulu yombala obomvu nomngcele ofanayo.
- "Belinda"Ihlukaniswe izimbali ezimbili zombala omhlophe, ezihlotshaniswa nesigaba esiphambene nesibhakabhaka-pink kanye nomngcele okhangayo ku-petal ngayinye.
- "Queen of the Night"Lokhu kuhlukahluka kunezimbali zombala omnyama obomvu, kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwama-stamens aphuzi.
Uyazi? Inani lezinhlobo ze-hellebore lifinyelela ku-20, futhi ngaphezu kwezimbali ezibalulwe kulesi sihloko, lezi zinhlobo nazo zifanelwe izinhlobo ezinjenge-hellebore eluhlaza, i-hellebore enomsindo, i-hellebore yase-Tibet, i-hellebore yesihlahla, i-Stern hellebore.
I-hellebore - Lena ngempela isitshalo esihle kakhulu ngezimbali ezibucayi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-shades ehlukahlukene. Njengoba kulula ukumnakekela, ungakwazi kalula ukhethe i-hellebore yakho phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla futhi zisakaze ngempumelelo embhede wakho wembali. Ungakhohlwa ngokudla kwalesi sitshalo.
