I-Holland yindawo encane, ngakho-ke eminyakeni eminingi beyakhela izindlela zokuthola izitshalo ezinkulu ezivela ezindaweni ezincane. Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala okuqhubekayo kwama-strawberries uthole ukuhlonishwa emhlabeni wonke.
Ukuqoqa ama-strawberries amasha unyaka wonke yilophu eliyigugu lazo zonke izithandwa zamajikijolo okumnandi. Futhi ngesigadini esisebenza ngokuzikhandla - lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokwenza imali.
Omunye ephumelela kakhulu izindlela zokukhula ngokuqhubekayo le berry iyindlela ye-Dutch. Nakuba ekusebenzeni kuyinkinga enzima kakhulu, ihlawula ngezinzuzo ezibonakalayo.
Okuyinhloko yobuchwepheshe
Ngokwemvelo, ukuze thola amajikijolo ebusika, zikhulile endlini. Uma udinga i-strawberry encane, ukuze ucebise ithebula ngamavithamini, khona-ke ungayenza nezihlahla ezimbalwa. Batshala emabhokisini efasiteleni noma ebhodini elivaliwe. Ukudayiswa, uma udinga inombolo enkulu yamajikijolo, ama-strawberries akhiwe endaweni yokushisa.
Ukuze wenze izithombo ziqhakaze futhi zithele izithelo, zithunyelwa "isikhathi sokubamba iqhwa" isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokutshala: zifakwa efrijini, phansi noma kwenye indawo epholile. Ukushisa lapho akufanele kuwele ngezansi degrees -2. Lapha izitshalo ze-strawberry zingaba izinyanga ezingu-9. Uma kunesidingo, izitshalo kancane kancane zitshalwe endaweni yokushisa.
Ama-Strawberries ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ikhula ezinkalweni ezincane: izimbiza (cishe ngo-70 cm ubude no-18-20 cm ububanzi), iziqukathi noma izikhwama zeplastiki. Izikhwama zithandwa abalimi, ngoba ziyizinto ezishibhile futhi zilondoloze isikhala ngoba zingafakwa ngokuqondile.
Kulesi simo, izitshalo zihlezi ngenye indlela. Nokho uma Izithombo zibekwa ngokuqondile, kuyadingeka ukuthi izindonga zendawo yokushisa kumele ziveze ukuze zihlinzekele izihlahla ngokukhanya kwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kwamanye amazwe, kancane kancane wenqaba izikhwama zepulasitiki, echaza iqiniso lokuthi plant izimpande kungaba ukubolafuthi isihlahla sifa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Muva nje, kukhona ama-strawberries asekhulile asetsheni. Lesi sitsha ngemuva kokugeza nokuhlunga ukungasetshenziswa kahle kungasetshenziswa kabusha izikhathi eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu, kulula ukuhlela ukuchelela, namanzi avela kuma-pallets ukuze aphinde asebenzise.
Ividiyo ewusizo mayelana nezinambuzane zokutshala ama-strawberries ngendlela yaseDutch, futhi ubone ukuthi i-greenhouse ihlelwe kanjani ngokuvumelana nalesi buchwepheshe engadini:
Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene
Ngokutshala ama-strawberries endaweni yokushisa noma kwezinye izakhiwo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zokuvuna. Ngaphandle kwalokho Inqubo yokuvota impova kuyodingeka uyenze ngokwakho usebenzisa ibhulashi elincane. Kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho: beka isidleke ngezinyosi ku-greenhouse.
Inzuzo yalokhu kukhetha yilokho izithombo zivuthwe ekuqaleni futhi ayixhomeki kakhulu kubude bemini. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yiBrighton, Elizabeth II, Corona, eDoscow, Queen Elizabeth, Red Rich, Selva, Honey.
Isithombo
Kusukela ukutshala ama-strawberry ngokusho kweDutch kudinga ukubuyekezwa okuqhubekayo ukutshala izinto, umbuzo uvela lapho ungathola khona ngobuningi obunjalo. Yiqiniso, izithombo zingathengwa nge-agrofirms ehlukahlukene. Nokho, kuyoba eshibhile ukuzakhela wena ngokwakho.
Ungakhula izithombo ezweni. Ngalokhu, isakhiwo esihlukile sabiwe, lapho kusetshenziselwa khona amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo. Entwasahlobo, izitshalo ze-strawberry zitshalwe, ikakhulukazi emagqumeni ngamamitha ububanzi.
KUBALULEKILE! Unyaka wokuqala kusukela kwisitshalo somama kudingekile ukususa imifula kanye nezimbali zombala!
Ngonyaka olandelayo, isihlahla ngasinye sinikeza ama-whiskers angaba ngu-20 ane-rosettes encane, eyasuswa ngokushesha. Ngo-Okthoba, udinga ukumba izitshalo ezincane futhi uhlanzeke ngokucophelela kusukela emanzini omhlaba. Khona-ke kufanele zihlukaniswe zibe izinqwaba ezintathu:
- isigaba A: ububanzi kuze kufike ku-15 mm, kunezinyawo ezimbili;
- ukukhipha i-A +: ububanzi obungaba ngu-20 mm, kufika ku-4 peduncles;
- Ibanga A + elengeziwe: ububanzi ngaphezu kuka-20 mm, ngaphezu kwe-4 peduncles.
Ukuhlunga usizo ukunquma isitshalo esizayo se-strawberries. Iklasi eliphansi kakhulu linika ama-gramu angu-150 alondelene. kusuka esihlahleni, isilinganiso - 200 gr., futhi esiphezulu - cishe 400 gr.
Ground
Amandla okuvuna agcwaliswe nge-substrate. Kungaba yi-perlite, uboya obuncitshiswa noma i-coconut fiber. Inhlabathi engokwemvelo evunyelwe kakhulu yomsakazo noma i-peat ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi kanye ne-perlite, ekhuthaza ukuphuma umoya emhlabathini.
Umhlaba ovela ensimini ngezigaba asikwazi ukuthatha! Ngokufanayo, ukugqoka okwenyama akuvunyelwe! Konke lokhu kwenziwa ukugwema ukusakazwa kwezifo nokubonakala kwezinambuzane kanye nokhula. Futhi njalo kufanele zitshalwe izitshalo umanyolo wamaminerali.
Izimo ezizwakalayo
Ukuze sikhule ama-strawberries ngokusho kobuchwepheshe beDutch ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke, kunezimo ezithile ezidingekayo. Ngoba ama-strawberries avuthwe kahle kuphela ngokushisa okwanele nokukhanya, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ku-greenhouse imodi efanele. Ukushisa okuphakanyisiwe okuphakathi kuyama-18-25 degrees. Ngaphambi kokubopha amaqabunga, izinga lokushisa kumele libe ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-21, bese liphakanyiselwa emazingeni angama-28. Ungagcina izinga lokushisa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngokushayela igumbi.
Umswakama kufanele ube sezingeni lika-70-80%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa abaprayisi ngezikhathi zezimbali, kufanele uqapheleukuze amanzi angatholi izimbali. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukuba uchithe nje emoyeni.
Usuku oluncane lokukhanya lwe-strawberries ngamahora angu-8. Nokho, kungcono ukunweba amahora angu-15-16. Kulesi simo, izithelo zingaqoqwa ngenyanga, okungamaviki amabili okusheshayo kunokhetho lokuqala. Kulokhu ngaphandle kokukhanya kwemvelo izitshalo kufanele qokomisa ngokuhlakanipha.
Izithombo ziphuziswa nsuku zonke, kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa ukuthi amanzi awenzi amaqabunga noma izimbali. Kungcono ukuhlela uhlelo lokunisela lokunisela kule njongo.
Kudingeka futhi lawula inhlabathi ye-acidity. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ungathathi hlangothi.
Yiqiniso, ukuze ujabulise abathandekayo bakho ngamajikijolo amahle omnandi weNyaka Omusha, udinga ukubeka umsebenzi omningi. Kodwa uma ulandela indlela futhi ufeze zonke izidingo, awukwazi nje ukuhlukanisa imenyu yakho ngeberry ewusizo ngesikhathi seqhwa, kodwa futhi wenze imali enhle kakhulu, ngoba I-strawberry ebusika iyinto engavamileokuyinto ebiza.
