ISage (salvia): Ukutshala nokunakekela

ISalvia, ulethisi noma umthungo yisitshalo esidumile esisetshenziswe kudala emithini yesintu kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingamakhulu ambalwa, eziningi zidalwe ngabazalisi. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezinde ezisetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwezwe, zivame ukuvuthwa kumakamishi ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa, zivunwa njengomuthi. Ekhiqizweni kwezimboni, izinhlobo ezinamafutha zikasawoti ziyabiwa, lezi izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zoju. Njengesipayisi, i-sage isetshenziswa ngochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Zonke izinhlobo ezikhula zasendle nezinhlobo ezifuywayo zinezindawo zokupholisa: i-antiseptic, ukuthambisa, ukuphulukisa. Ukusebenziseka kwe-sage sekuyisikhathi eside kuqashelwa njengomuthi osemthethweni.

Kuyini sage, incazelo

ISalvia ngotshani, noma kunalokho, isihlahla esidala ukhula esiqondile esinezimpande ezinemithi evela emndenini weLamiaceae. Izwe lase-sage lithathwa njengeMedithera, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lalitshalwa ezindaweni eziningi zezintaba zomhlaba. Ikhula kahle emithambekeni ekhanyiswe ilanga, emaphethelweni emahlathi, emadwaleni omfula onamadwala. Emvelweni, isitshalo sisakazeka ngembewu, sikhula emasimini amakhulu, sihlala sonke isikhala samahhala.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-sage ziyehluka ngesimo seqabunga: kukhona izitshalo:

ngokunwebeka, okufiphaza ngaphansi kwemiphetho ebunjiwe futhi enemisebe;
i-ovoid tuberals enama-wavy, imiphetho yangaphakathi
okusaqanda bushelelezi ngemiphetho eminyene;
sikhula sisuka esiqwini nakwisibambo kusuka 1 kuya ku-3 cm.

Ukuphakama kwezihlahla ezine-herbaceous kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2, kepha kunezinhlobo ezikhula ziphansi, hhayi eziphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30. Ngokuvamile isihlahla sokuhluma sikhula sibe ngama-50-70 cm, siba ngamagatsha kahle. Phezulu ngeziqu, amaqabunga ezinye izinhlobo ambozwe nge-fluff emhlophe.

Umbala wezitshalo uyahlukahluka kusuka kwesibhakabhaka ngokuhlaza okotshani kuya kwesibomvu, izimbali - kusuka ku-lilac ophuzi kuya kofi onsomi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamaqabunga abomvu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, apinki namhlophe. Baqoqwe ku-spikelet ne-whisk. Kude kude, amasosi athuthukisiwe anjengezigqoko ezinemibala, izikebhe ezigudle umugqa zihlotshiswe ngemibala. Isikhathi sezimbali kusuka enyangeni kuya kwesithathu, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezihlobisa izindawo kusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi.

ISalvia officinalis, i-oki kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane

Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:

Buka (igama elisemthethweni)	Incazelo, ukuphakama kwezitshalo (cm)	Ukusebenza
I-Meadow (Salvia pratensis)	Isihlahla se-herbaceous esidala esingama-50 cm ukuphakama, amagatsha ukusuka phakathi kwesiqu; ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ihlumela lokuqhakaza nge-spesse white spes; amaqabunga athambile, mncane, anezinqe, ububanzi kusuka phansi, ukudonsa kuya phezulu, kukhula ngababili kusuka ezinhlangothini eziphambene zesiqu, kufinyelela ku-6 cm; i-inflorescence ngesimo sendlebe noma ukwethuka, kuvela ngoJuni-Julayi, ikhula ngo-20 cm; umbala wamacembe uncike emhlabathini, okhanyayo, kusuka kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okungafakwanga onsomi; Izithelo zingunxantathu oyindilinga, egobolondweni, obukhulu, obune-brown, nsundu, kuze kufike ku-2 mm ubukhulu.	Kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha.
Ezokwelapha (Sálvia officinális)	I-Shrub branching kusuka ezimpandeni ifinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama; amaqabunga abumbeke njengama-wedge, aze afike ku-8 cm ubude, enethiphu ebukhali noma eyindilinga; ukuqhuma okune-spike, akufani ukwethuka, kukhula ngoJuni kuya ku-30 cm ubude, Izimbali ezinezindebe ezimbili zivela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni, imvamisa umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ovame ukububala obomvana; izithelo ziyindilinga, egobolondweni, obukhulu, onsundu omnyama, nobubanzi obungafika ku-2,5 mm.	Ngaphezu komuthi osetshenziswa ku-cosmetology, usebenza njengomthombo wamafutha abalulekile.
INutmeg (iSalvia sclarea)	Ikhula ibe ngu-120 cm ubude ngeziqu ezilinganayo; amaqabunga ama-ovate noma ama-ovate-oblong anezinqe eceleni kwemiphetho, iphethini ye-vein eveziwe, ukusika; ukwethuka okuthe xaxa kombala opinki noma omhlophe kufinyelela ku-40 cm, embozwe ngokuphelele ngama-buds anama-petals angamanga namakhethini; inkathi yezimbali yinde, kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya kuSepthemba; Izithelo ziyi-ellipsoidal, zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-2 mm, ezinesikhumba, obukhulu, obumpunga.	Ikhule kumanani wezimboni zokupheka, i-cosmetology; njengoba isitshalo sokwelapha sisetshenziswa kaningi; ukhule ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, njengesitshalo soju.
I-Oak (Salvia nemorosa)	Isihlahla seGrassy esinamahlumela avela empandeni sisuka ku-30 siye ku-60 cm ubude, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo; imisebe ebunjiwe, inwetshiwe kusuka ngezansi futhi ikhonjwe emacembe aphezulu ngamaphethelo, ukusika okuncane; i-inflorescence enjenge-spike ifinyelela ku-35 cm, ifafazwe kakhulu ngama-blue noma ama-lilac buds ngama-whorls amanga; isikhathi sezimbali zinde, kusukela ngoJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba; izithelo zingonxantathu, unxantathu oyindilinga, onsundu omnyama, onesikhumba, obukhulu.	Ukhule ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa; lungasetshenziswa njengomuthi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo, kutholakala i-steppe ne-sage yase-Ethiopia. Imifino enamahlamvu amakhulu anamanzi agcinwe ngokukhethekile ukupheka. Okumhlophe kukhule ngaphesheya njengesiko lonyaka, elisetshenziswa ekubhemeni ukuxubana, njengoba liqukethe izingxenye ze-narcotic.

I-sage ekhulayo

Isitshalo sokwelapha kwesinye isikhathi sinokubonakala emakotini ehlobo. Kulabo abangenazo izabelo zomhlaba, kulula ukukhulisa i-salvia emafulethini. Amaqabunga aphilisayo awusizo ukugcina eseseduze.

Ukuzalela ekhaya

I-ND sage ayinakwenza lutho ngegumbi le-violet. Ezitshalweni ezikhulayo kumakholoni nasemafayilini sill emabhodweni, izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zikhethiwe, kuze kube ngama-30 cm amade. Ngokutshala, khetha izimbiza eziphezulu zobumba ezi-10 noma eziyi-15.

Iziqukathi zepulasitiki azilungele lokhu, uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe ngeke luphefumule. I-Sage ibekwe ohlangothini olusempumalanga noma olusentshonalanga kwefulethi, izoshisa kakhulu nesitshalo eseningizimu, kuzofanele ifakwe umthunzi ngezinsuku ezinelanga. Akukho ukukhanya okwanele ohlangothini olusenyakatho, kuzodingeka ukukhanyisa i-sage ebusika ukuze i-salvia ibe nephunga. Lesi sitshalo asithandi okubhaliwe, izinga lokushisa elintofontofo + 22 ... +25 ° С.

Inhlabathi ikhethwa nge-pH ka-6.5. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini ngaphandle kokulashwa kokuqala, ijule ngo-3 cm, iniselwe kaningi. I-Earthball iyanyiswa njengoba iyoma. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa kuvame kakhulu.

I-sage yezwe

ISalvia ithanda inhlabathi enenkani enesihlabathi enothile ngezinto eziphilayo. Ukutshala nokunakekela kubhekelela ubuchwepheshe bezolimo kufaka ukunisela okuvamile, ukufaka umquba waminyaka yonke ngomanyolo onzima, noma ukungeza i-humus kuwo. Emhlabathini ovulekile, ukutshala kwenziwa ngemuva kwesithwathwa esibuyayo, lapho umhlaba ufudumala ufike ku- +10 ° C. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama lapho kuvela khona amanzi amaningi aphansi komhlaba, kuyadingeka ukuhambisa amanzi - i-salvia ayivimbi isomiso, ayakhelwanga kahle ngamanzi amaningi, izimpande ziqala ukubola.

Izinketho zokuzalela zeSage:

izithombo, sikhula kusuka kumaviki ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10, lapho kwenziwa uhlelo oluphelele lwezimpande;
Ngokusika, ukusika nokuhluma amahlumela entwasahlobo, bese kudonswa endaweni enomthunzi, kudluliselwe endaweni engapheli emva konyaka;
ukwehlukanisa izimpande, inqubo yokuhlukanisa isigaxa sotshani yenziwa ekwindla;
Izinhlobo zezikhuni ezinobusika zihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngebanga phakathi kwezitshalo okungenani ezingama-30 cm.

I-Sage isabela kahle ekuthengeni ekwindla, izihlahlana ezinzima entwasahlobo, ukuqhakaza kakhulu.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

ISalvia ayamelana nezilokazane ezinambuzelayo, ziyasaba ngenxa yezinto ezibuthakathaka ze-ether. Isitshalo sisetshenziswa njenge-fungicides yemvelo, izitshalo zasengadini ziphathwa nge-infusion.

I-Sage itholakala ekuthelelekeni kwama fungal. Esikhathini sezulu esinethwa yimvula, imbozwe nge-powdery hlobo. Ukuze ucubungule, sebenzisa ukumfaka umquba omusha, i-Whey noma amalungiselelo ajwayelekile wokulwa ne-powdery hlobo. UTopazi, uFundazole, uSkor unqunyiwe ngokwemiyalo. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa kusihlwa kusihlwa sezulu. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, isitshalo asikwazi ukuvuna amasonto amabili, izimpande, amaqabunga ayakwazi ukuqongelela ubuthi, kuthatha isikhathi ukuzisusa.

Ukusuka ekubanjeni kwezimpande, i-Fitosporin yokulungiswa kwegciwane iyelashwa. Bangcolisa inhlabathi. Ukwelashwa kwendle ngenhlabathi enomswakama kwenziwa njalo ukuqeda imithombo yokutheleleka ngefungus.

UMnu Summer ohlala kule ndawo uyancoma: umfundisi

ISalvia ibonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha abalulekile kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo kusuka ezimpandeni kuya emahlumela. Eqabungeni, kuya ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo, kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-2,5% wezinto ezinamafutha ngesimo se-borneol, camphor, nezinye izifunda. Ezivela kubo, lapho bezihlikihla, kuvela iphunga elizinzile.

Ezinye izinto ezizuzisayo ku-sage:

tannins kuze kufike ku-4%;
izingxenye ze-alkaloids
ama-resins nezakhi zikaphalafini (kuze kufike ku-6%);
ama-organic acid;
izinsini;
ukuguquguquka;
ama-enzyme ezitshalo;
Amavithamini e-B, i-ascorbic acid;
isitashi;
izinto ezincane nezinkulu.

Ngenxa yokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali, i-sage inezindawo eziningi zokwelapha. Amaqabunga, izimpande, izimbali zisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ama-chemacological agents: ama-decoctions, ama-infusions, ama-lotion, okokugcoba.

Izingxenye zaseSalvia zine:

umphumela we-antispasmodic, okwazi ukudambisa ikhanda elinokwehla kwengcindezi ebukhali;
yi-ejensi engasindi yokugaya kanye ne-choleretic;
ama-antiseptic amahle kakhulu, ama-disinfects kanye namanxeba okuphulukisa;
umphumela wokulangazelela, uthuthukise ukukhululeka koketshezi lwe-pulmonary ulwelwesi lwama-mucous;
amandla okulwa nokuvuvukala nokuqina, ukuthuthukisa i-microcirculation yegazi ezicutshini;
i-sedative, i-normalization ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone, iqukethe i-magnesium ngendlela yokugaya kalula, ama-esters anomthelela we-hypnotic.

Izindawo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ze-sage:

Kwangaphandle ekwelapheni umgogodla womlomo, umphimbo, izindinyana zamakhala ze-tonsillitis, i-rhinitis, imidiya ye-otitis, i-pharyngitis, ukuvuvukala kwezono (i-sinusitis yangaphambili, i-sinusitis, i-tonsillitis). Esikhathini samazinyo, ama-decoctions aphatha i-stomatitis, isifo sezinsini. Izingcindezi zinciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokulimala, ukulimala. Ngama-hemorrhoids angaphandle, ama-lotion ayenziwa, ngama-hemorrhoids angaphakathi, kuthathwa isisombululo ku-anus ngesibabule senjoloba. Kunconywa ama-Enemas kwabesilisa abanezinkinga nge-prostate gland.
Kwabesifazane, i-sage isetshenziswa ekwelapheni izilonda zangasese: i-colpitis, i-thrush. Umhluzi ubuyisela kahle ama-microflora wesitho sangasese, uvimbela ukukhula kwama-microorganisms we-pathogenic.
Ngaphakathi, ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions anconyelwe izifo zepheshana lesisu, enza ukuthi kukhiqizwe ijusi lesisu, ukuphuma kwe-bile, kuvumelanise i-microflora yamathumbu. I-Sage ingumsizi omuhle wezifo zamaphaphu zesimo sokuvuvukala nesokutheleleka, ama-decoctions asetshenziswa ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesifo sofuba, inyumoniya, i-bronchitis, i-tracheitis. Kubantu abanezinkinga zezinso, ama-infusions anconyelwa ukuthuthukisa ukucwaswa komchamo.

Ngokugcwala ngokweqile okucindezelayo, ukungezwani kwemizwa, i-salvia isiza ukulala ngokuthula.

Imiphumela emibi

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-sage inezinombolo eziningi zokwephulwa:
Ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye. Izinto ezibalulekile, ama-resins, ama-enzyme wesitshalo angadala ukusabela kwe-allergic ngesimo sokuqunjelwa, amaspasms.
Isifuba somoya, ukukhwehlela kwesifuba esinzima. Ukwemukelwa kwe-sage kungenzeka kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela obekhona, utshani bungadala ukuhlaselwa yisifo somoya.
Izinhlobo ezesabekayo zezifo ze-genitourinary, urolithiasis.
Ukungasebenzi kwe-gland yegilo, i-sage ivuselela umsebenzi wezitho zokutholwa zangaphakathi.
Isifo sohudo Ngokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, umphumela we-diuretic of sage awunasidingo.

Amafomu Womthamo

Ikhemisi lidayisa imali nge-sage, izinto zokwakha, ezifakwe ezikhwameni zokuhlunga. Izingxenye ziyingxenye yamathebhulethi kanye nesifo sokukhwehlela. I-Clary sage ebalulekile i-oli ikhiqizwa, isetshenziselwa i-inhalation, i-gargling. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo, ekuqoqweni okukhulu kwe-resin nama-esters kungadala ukushiswa.

I-tincture yotshwala iphephe kakhulu, inezinto eziningi eziphansi. Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo zamazinyo, izifo ze-ENT, ku-gynecology, ekwelapheni izinqubo zokulimala kwesikhumba, ku-cosmetology.