I-Broccoli Kuye kwaziwa isikhathi eside ngezindawo zayo zokudla. I-Broccoli inconywa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela nabantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo, futhi inani elikhulu le-folic acid ne-fibre liyenza umkhiqizo obalulekile wabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo ngokwabo
Ngaphambi kokutshala, into yokuqala udinga ukunquma ngokukhetha okuhlukahlukene, bese ulandela ukulungiselela imbewu ye-broccoli. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvimbela izifo nokwandisa ukuhluma.
Indlela yokulungisa imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala
Khetha imbewu emikhulu futhi enempilo, uwafake ku-gauze futhi ubeke amanzi ashisayo (50 ° C) imizuzu engu-20 bese ubanda eminzini. Lungiselela isisombululo se-potassium permanganate ne-boric acid: igramu ngayinye ilitha yamanzi. Bamba imbewu kuyo amahora angu-12.
Phinda inqubo yokuthungula kwisisombululo somlotha (isipuni esingu-1 ilitha yamanzi) amahora angu-6. Hlanza imbewu ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese unquma eshalofini esingaphansi kwesiqandisisi usuku, bese uyomile.
Ukubunjwa nomhlabathi womanyolo
Izithombo ze-Broccoli zingahlwanyelwa ku-container noma ku-greenhouse. Hlanganisa amabhokisi amakhulu wezithombo. Ukugeleza kumele kubekwe phansi (izicucu ze-foam, amatshebhisi).
Ukuze ulungise inhlabathi enhle, thatha i-peat, i-turf kanye nesihlabathi ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo, engeza isikhuni esincane: kuzokwenza umnotho ube nensimbi. Usuku ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, usebenze inhlabathi ngesisombululo esimnyama samanganese (ukuvimbela umlenze omnyama).
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Uma ufuna ukuvuna izitshalo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, hlwala imbewu ezinyathelweni ezingu-2-3 nge-interval kwezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Emhlabathini, yenza izimpande ezingajulile zifike ku-1.5 cm ngebanga lika-3 cm phakathi kwabo. Imbewu, ikhula kancane, itshale kude no 2-3 cm. Fafaza ngenhlabathi bese uthele.
Uyazi? Isiko sokuqala se-broccoli saqala ukutshalwe eMbusweni wamaRoma eminyakeni engu-2 000 edlule. AmaRoma awasebenzise nje iklabishi yokudla, kodwa futhi ayisebenzise ngezinhloso zokwelapha.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala izithombo zika broccoli, izitsha ezinezitshalo, zithole ekamelweni elifudumele elinokushisa kwama-20 °. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, izinga lokushisa kufanele lihliswe ngo-5 ° futhi ligcinwe kuze kube yilapho ukufakelwa kabusha kube mhlabathi ovulekile.
Ukuphuza ukuchitha usuku, kodwa ngokulinganisela. Uma izithombo zilukhuni futhi zingakhuli kahle, zondla ngesisombululo samanzi: 20 g we-ammonium nitrate, superphosphate ne-potassium chloride ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukutshala izithombo kungenziwa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amabili.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-broccoli yingxenye yempi; dive izithombo in abamba ukushisa. I-Broccoli ayibekezeleli le nqubo kahle, kubalulekile ukuyihlwanyela kanye nejadi lomhlabathi, ngokucophelela.
Ukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto amabili ngemuva kokuthi ihlumela livele. Emhlabathini oshisa abamba ukushisa ukujula kufinyelela emaqabunga e-cotyledon. Emhlabathini ovulekile waqalwa emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ayisithupha enempilo.
Kubalulekile! Izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ngaphambi kokutshala kusayithi, isitshalo sinobunzima, sishiya iminyango yokushisa evulekile amahora ambalwa ngosuku.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile
Abalimi abaningi bahlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini, bakhetha ukukhula iklabishi ye-broccoli ngendlela engenambewu. Le ndlela ilula, kodwa kukhona ingozi yokuhluma okuncane futhi ngezinye izikhathi ayinaso isivuno.
Kuyathakazelisa Sekuyisikhathi eside i-Broccoli ibizwa ngokuthi "i-asparagus yase-Italiya", igxile emvelaphi yayo. Ngakho kuchazwa "I-Dictionary ye-Gardener uPhilip Miller" (ka-1724). Izincazelo zokuqala zama-broccoli amaFulentshi zibhekisela ku-1560, kanti amaJalimane abize ngokuthi "i-brauner Kopf", ehunyushwa ngokuthi "ikhanda elibomvu".
Isikhathi esihle sokufika
Ukuhluma kwembewu kwenziwa engxenyeni yesibili kaMashi noma ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Ephreli. Izithombo ezitshalwe ngoMashi, kuqala zidonsa ngaphakathi kokushisa, bese ziqinile, emibhedeni. Izitshalo zika-Ephreli zikhiqizwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi. Izithombo zihlwanyelwe ntambama, zikhetha usuku oluthakazelisayo lokutshala.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesayithi lokufika
I-Broccoli ithanda ilanga nokushisa, ngokufika kwayo, khetha izindawo ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo. Umhlabathi wokutshala iklabishi ka-broccoli ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Ekwindla, isakhiwo sigcwele futhi kusetshenziswe umanyolo: i-ammonium nitrate 40 g, superphosphate ne-potassium chloride 30 g ngayinye. Ungathola nge-humus: 2 kg ngemitha yesikwele. m. Ufulawa lomhlabathi omuncu we-dolomite.
Entwasahlobo, umquba usungulwa enhlabathini: ibhakede ngalinye imitha yesikwele. I-200 g yokhuni lomuthi kanye ne-isipuni se-urea zengezwe emgodini ovuliwe ukutshala, bese uphuzisa kakhulu.
Abanduleli abalungile nababi
Ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu, amazambane, ithanga, u-anyanisi kanye namakhukhamba kukhona abalungele phambili be-broccoli. Akufanele utshale iklabishi ngemuva kwenye iklabishi, i-beet, utamatisi, i-turnips, i-radishes ne-radishes. Kunconywa ukubeka u-broccoli embhedeni wensimu lapho ama-cabbages akhula khona ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4 kamuva.
Isu nenqubo yokufika
Phakathi kwezimbiza zokutshala zihamba ibanga elingama-40 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 60 cm. Izimbiza zibhekwe ekujuleni okuhambisana nokuphakama kwesithombo. Uhlumela lujule cishe ngokuphelele, lushiya kuphela phezulu. Fafaza umhlaba, ungagcwalisi iphuzu elikhulayo, futhi ngaphambi kokutshala, phonsa phansi izimpande ezinamandla kunawo wonke - lokhu kuzosiza ukwakha uhlelo oluqinile lwempande.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele: izimfihlo ezimbalwa zokuvuna okuhle.
Kukhona i-nuance ekunakekeleni iklabishi ye-broccoli ensimini. Ngesimo esishisayo kakhulu, udinga ukwakha shading okufakelwayo. Ukudala umkhathi omswakama ukuthi iklabishi uthanda, ubeke iziqukathi ngamanzi eduze kwemibhede, ungahlanza isitshalo.
Ukuphuza nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi
Ukuphuza lesi sitshalo kwenziwa njalo futhi ngokuningi emva kokutshala, ngenkathi kuqhuma endaweni entsha. Bese unciphisa ukuchelela, uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile. Phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhanda amakilasi, ukuchelela kubuye kwanda.
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga umquba emva kokutshala ukugcina umswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mulch izokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokhula nokushisa komhlabathi ohlelweni.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye, ukukhululeka kuyenzeka, inhlabathi kumele igcwale umoya-mpilo. Umswakama enhlabathini evulekile ubambelela kangcono futhi ulethe izakhi ezimpandeni zesitshalo.
Abalimi abaningi baphazamisa iklabishi ekwakheni izimpande ezingeziwe. Lokhu kuzokwenza isitshalo sibe namandla.
Uma ngabe ukhula luvele, badinga ukususwa. Qinisekisa ukuthi ekusebenzeni kwe-weeding akulimazi uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo.
Ukugqoka i-broccoli ephezulu
Ngemuva kokutshala, iklabishi isondliwe, okwenza ukukhipha umfutho we-mullein (1 ingxenye ye-mullein ngezinxenye ezingu-10 zamanzi). Ku-ukumnika, ungangezela isipuni esingaphelele se-urea.
Ukudla kokubili kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14. I-sung slush (1 kuya ku-4) isetshenziswa ngaphansi kwempande.
Isikhathi sesithathu isitshalo sikholwa ngesikhathi kwenziwa ama-inflorescences. Lungisa isisombululo se-superphosphate: 2 tbsp. l 10 amalitha amanzi, ikhambi lanele izitshalo eziyi-10.
Ukugqoka kokugcina kwenziwa emva kokusika ikhanda.
Lapho ubeka umquba, hlola isitshalo - ngokubonakala kwawo ungakwazi ukuthi yiziphi izakhi ezingenayo. Ngokuntuleka kweklabishi ye-nitrogen ikhula kabi, amaqabunga aphansi aphuzi futhi aphume. Uma kukhona i-potassium encane, amaqabunga ashintsha umbala ube obomvu, imiphetho yawo isomile, futhi amakhekheji awanasisindo.
Ukuvuna
I-broccoli ivuthwa 3-4 izinyanga emva kokuhlwanyela izithombo. Ngesikhathi sehlobo, isivuno esinganayo singavuna - emva kokusika ikhanda eliphakathi, isitshalo siyaqhubeka sikhula.
Ukuvuna i-broccoli kungcono kakhulu uma kusenhla ijusi emakhanda. Asikho isidingo sokulinda ikhanda ukuqoqa inqwaba enkulu, inempilo futhi i-tastier, kuyilapho iluhlaza.
Amakhanda aminyene nje adinga isikhathi esincane ukupheka kuze kwenziwe. Ukuqoqa amakhanda amakhulu amakhulu, ulahlekelwe ngokwakho kakhulu izakhi.
Isivuno sokuqala singagcinwa cishe ngesonto efrijini noma efriziwe ebusika. Okulandelayo - kufanelekile ukugcina isitoreji eside esingaphansi noma emakamelweni.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-broccoli, ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo
Isifo main iklabishi - umlenze omnyamaokuthinta izitshalo ezindala. Ama-bacteria angafakwa enhlabathini, ashiye kulowo owandulelayo. Ukulwa nalesi sifo akunandaba - kuthinta isitshalo ngaphakathi.
Qaphela! Ukugcinwa kwe-agrotechnics lapho kutshalwa izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile kungukuvikela okungcono izifo ze-broccoli. Ukwelashwa kwempahla yokutshala, ukukhetha okulungile kwe-precursor nokulungiswa kokunisela nokugqoka kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuqoqa isitshalo esinempilo, esinempilo.
I-broccoli ingathinteka yizinambuzane. Ukukhipha iklabishi kusuka ku-slugs, Emibhede afafaza ama-eggshell echotshoziwe.
Vimbela ukuhlasela kwamacimbi ukuhlwanyela ama-marigolds kuzosiza. Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi phakathi kwemibhede izosabisa izinhlanzi ezimhlophe nezinwele zobumba, kanye ne-dill - i-aphid. I-Peppermint ekhula eduze ayithandi izibungu.
Ukuze ususe izinambuzane, ungasebenzisa ugwayi, umsila ophansi noma umhluzi kusuka eziqongweni zika utamatisi. Uma izindlela zendabuko zingasizi, bhekani kumakhemikhali: "Aktellik", "Foksim", "U-Ambush" noma "Rovikurt."
Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uzofunda konke ngokutshala nokukhula kwe-broccoli. Ukusebenzisa izincomo, uzokwazi ukukhulisa lesi siko esiwusizo ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okuningi.
