ISharot noma i-Ashkelon isitshalo esingapheli somndeni ka-anyanisi. Yaziswa ngokunambitheka kwayo okulula nokuntuleka kwephunga elinamandla.
Ukuchazwa kwamazambane kanye nomehluko wawo kusuka anyanisi
USharot luhlobo lo-anyanisi. Ubuye ajwayele amanye amagama: i-Alexandria, amazambane, umndeni, ama-shrubbery. Izwe lakubo yiMiddle East (Palestine), lapho lalaziwa ngokuthi yi-escalator. EYurophu zathola ukusatshalaliswa emva kwekhulu le-XIII.
Lesi sitshalo esineminyaka emibili ubudala. Ama-Shallots abonakala ngokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokumelana nesithwathwa. Hlanganisa itheniphu lakhe usebenzise ipeni. Ngonyaka wokuqala, batshala imbewu yokukhulisa ama-anyanisi isethi, bese itshalwa ngonyaka wesibili. Iqoqo lezingane (ama-5-20 ama-pcs.) Kwakhiwa kusuka enhlanyelweni eyodwa, ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengesihlahla. Isibazi ngasinye siletha isivuno esingama-200-300 g, futhi kusuka ku-m2 ungaqoqa i-3-4 kg ye-itheniphu ufike ku-5 kg wesisindo esiluhlaza.
USharot uhlukaniswa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin C, ubukhona be-B, PP kanye namaminerali K, Mg, Fe, S kuyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-anyanisi kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukungatheleleki, ukuvikela umkhuhlane futhi kunomthelela wokubulala amagciwane. Kuyasiza ukuyisebenzisa ukuqinisa uhlelo lwezinhliziyo, ukuvuselela ukugaya ukudla, kanye nomphumela omuhle ezinqubweni zokwakheka kwegazi.
Kuyingozi ukuyisebenzisa ngobukhulu obukhulu. Kukhona ukuphambana.
USharot ungow anyanisi, kepha uyahluka kulokhu okulandelayo:
- Ijamo elincane nelinye ngaphezulu kunamajika. Izimpaphe ezisakazeka kakhulu. Kugcinwe kangcono.
- Ikhula izidleke. Ngaphakathi kwe-bulb, izindawo ezinama-primordia ziyabonakala, hhayi izindandatho.
- Umbala we-turnip uncike esifundeni sokukhula. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ine-tint ephuzi futhi okuthe xaxa kunambitheka. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu - i-lilac.
- Ibekezelela ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, ingangeni masinyane emcibisholo, njengama-anyanisi.
- Okokuqala, uhlelo lwezimpande lwakhiwa, bese kuba kuphela esimweni sezulu esifudumele - i-greenery. Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi usitshale ebusika.
- Izimpaphe zinokunambitheka okubucayi okunika i-piquancy izitsha ezahlukene.
- Alinalo iphunga le-pungent, alibangeli buhlungu emehlweni lapho usika. Okumnandi, okumnandi ngephunga elithandekayo, ukunambitheka okukuvumela ukuthi ukusebenzise ngokukhululekile okusha futhi njengokufiswa kwenyama nenhlanzi.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zesinaphi
Izinhlobo ze-anyanisi zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu, ngokususelwa esikhathini sazo sokubumba:
- ekuseni
- phakathi;
- sekwephuzile.
Izinhlobo zokuqala zinokunambitheka okumnandi, okubabayo. Isidleke siqukethe ama-bulbs afinyelela kwayi-10.
I-Shredder
Ubunzima kumbala we-lilac: izikali ezomisiwe zangaphandle - ezibomvu, zangaphakathi - ezimhlophe. Impaphe entsha futhi yokuqala emincane ikhula ibe amasentimitha angama-35. Ikhanda lakha ukwakheka okusaqanda kufika ku-10 cm ngosayizi, 2,5 cm ngaphesheya.
Indlovukazi emhlophe
I-bulb ekhanyayo, ne-husk enombala ukhilimu. Iphindaphindwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Akuvamile ukuba kugula. Ingagcinwa isikhathi eside.
I-Belozerets 94
I-husk eyomile inombala onsomi. Kuboniswa yisivuno esikhulu, ukuphikelela okuphawuleka kanye nokungatheleleki kwezifo.
Izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini
Zimbalwa izinhlamvu esidlekeni. Ikhwalithi yokunambitha incike ezinhlobonhlobo.
I-Airat
Ukunambitheka okuthambile, kepha okubabayo impela. Kukhona ama-bulbs ama-5-7 esidlekeni. Round itheniphu nge husk ophuzi.
Delicacy
Ukunambitheka okucolisisiwe. I-anyanisi yegolide ihlukaniswa uginindela omhlophe onamanzi.
Izici zokukhulisa amadevu
Lapho utshala emhlabathini ovulekile, uncamela ukukhululwa, inhlabathi evundile ene-acidity ye-pH 6-7. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-chernozem kanye nengxube ehlukile yobumba nesihlabathi. Qiniseka emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kudonsa amanzi kahle ukuze uwakhiphe. Ukufiswa kwenziwa egqumeni endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Isithunzi asifiseleki.
Imbewu iyahlelwa. Kukhethwe ama-bulbs anempilo kuphela ukuze akhiqizwe: ububanzi obu-3 cm buyadingeka ukuze itheniphu, uma kungaphezulu kuka-3, bese uthola okuluhlaza nomcibisholo. Ukuhlwanyela okukhulu kuzoba nama-lobules amaningi kunalawo aphakathi nendawo, kepha mancane.
Ababikezeli bomakhelwane kanye nomakhelwane ngokungajulile
Uma udinga isivuno esihle, khona-ke kufanele unake izitshalo ezikhulile zangaphambili. Kungcono ukutshala izimbotshana ngemuva kwamathanga, ubhontshisi nobhontshisi. Ungayibeka esizeni, uma ngonyaka owedlule abamele be-nightshade, ithanga noma iklabishi bekhulile. Akukalulekanga ukuthi ukhethe indawo lapho ukhule khona ummbila, ukhiqizilanga, ugalikhi noma amabhungane.
Kubi kakhulu uma umphambi wangaphambi kwakungu-izaqathi. Kungcono ukuyitshala eduze ukuze wesabise ukundiza kwe-anyanisi.
Ungabeka emibhedeni eseduze: ulethisi, isithombo noma isithonjana.
Ukulungiswa kwesiza
Ukugcwala umhlaba nge-oksijini, ukuqothula izinambuzane nokhula, isiza kumele sakhiwe size sijule kufosholo. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo nge-m2 ngayinye: ama-3-4 kg womquba noma umquba, 15-20 g we-superphosphate ne-urea, u-45-80 g we-ash ash. Entwasahlobo, i-nitrogen yengezelelwa kakhulu endaweni - 15-20 g nge-m2 ngayinye. Lapho ukutshala u-anyanisi ekwindla, indawo ilungiselelwe yena ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, uma itshalwe entwasahlobo bese kuba ekwindla.
Isikhathi sokufika
Isikhathi esihle sokufika yilapho iqhwa selincibilikile ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ezifundeni eziseningizimu, u-anyanisi ukuphela kukaFebhuwari, nangomgwaqo ophakathi nendawo - maphakathi no-Ephreli. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, kuzovela izimpaphe kuzo, kuthi ngemuva kwe-45-60 kube khona ijikahenti. Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kuyathandeka ngoba isibani sakhiwe kahle futhi mancane amathuba okuthi sihlaselwe yizilokazane. Esikhathini esizayo entwasahlobo - ngeke inikeze okuluhlaza okotshani, kodwa impande izoqala ukukhula ngokushesha.
Ukuthola izimpaphe zakuqala, kungcono ukutshala izimbotshana ngaphansi kobusika ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, kodwa ukuze kungaqali ukukhula ama-clove. Kulokhu, u-anyanisi uzojabulisa amahlumela amahle entwasahlobo, futhi imifino izovela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala iSharot
Kuyadingeka ukutshala imichilo iminyaka emibili ilandelana: okokuqala imbewu, bese imbewu. Ubuchwepheshe bale nqubo cishe buyafana, kepha kukhona umehluko.
Sevkom
Hlunga isethi yonke, ushiye ama-inki kuphela aphilile. Kuyalulekwa ukukhetha ngokuya ngosayizi: hhayi amakhulu futhi hhayi mancane - aphakathi. Kufanele zithosiwe kuhhavini (40 ° C) noma zibekwe kubhethri elishisayo. Ungathela amanzi ngamazinga okushisa amukelekayo.
Kutshalwe emibhedeni noma emigqonyeni, ngaphandle kokucindezela, kepha kufakwe uphawu ngomhlabathi ukuze iziqongo ezincanyana kuphela ziphume. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa ama-grooves noma imigodi (4-5 cm), ushiye ibanga elingu-7 cm cm phakathi kwawo. Lapho ukutshala ekwindla, khulisa ukujula nebanga ukuya ku-20-30 cm.
Imbewu
I-oda liyafana. Imbewu inyanyeziwe ngokusonga ngendwangu emanzi amahora angama-48. Ungabavumeli ukuba bome. Ukujula kwama-grooves kwenziwa kube kuncane (amasentimitha amathathu) futhi kutshalwe ngohlelo lwe-7-8x20 cm. Uma wenza inqubo ekwindla, khona-ke imbewu ayidingi ukufakwa emanzini.
Ukunakekelwa
AmaSharots, njengezinye izitshalo, adinga umsebenzi odingekayo ukuze athole isivuno esihle.
| Sebenza | Izenzo |
| Ukunisela | Njalo, ngokulinganiselayo. Akudingi humidization okusizayo ngenani elifanele lemvula. Isimo sezulu esomile, ukuthambisa kwenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. |
| Ukhula | Isigaba esibalulekile ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimpaphe zokuqala, njengoba ukhula ngaleso sikhathi kungasibhubhisa isitshalo. |
| Ukuvula amandla | Kwenziwe nokwakheka koqweqwe olunzima phezu komhlaba. |
| Ukucwilisa | Yenza, uma kunesidingo, ukhule itheniphu enkulu. Imvamisa kwenziwa phakathi kwehlobo, isusa ama ezincane. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Ngemuva kwamaviki awu-1.5-2 emva kokuhluma, baphathwa ngesixazululo somquba wezinkomo noma ngokudonswa kwezinyoni ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10. Ngasikhathi sinye, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali (i-phosphate, usawoti we-nitric acid noma urea) - i-10-15 g nge-m2 ngayinye. Ngokuphindaphindwe kungenziwa ngokwakhiwa kwama. Ngemuva kwalokho kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-potassium: i-5-7 g ngebhakede lamanzi. Yekani zonke izinhlobo zezinsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi kokuvuna. |
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-anyanisi ayihlaselwa kalula yizinambuzane nezifo eziningana.
| Inkinga | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Amafomu omdweshu omhlophe angalingani eduze phansi kwe-isibani. | I-anyanisi nematode isibungu esincane. Isigaxa simbozwe imizuzu emi-2 kwisisombululo se-4% se-formaldehyde nge-methanol. Ingabiliswa emanzini ashisayo ngo-45 ° C. |
| Izeluleko zezimpaphe ziba mhlophe, izintethe. Amabhule ayabola. | I-anyanisi elimpunga ekhanyayo indiza ngomhlane oluhlaza. Emqhuba izaqathe ezitshaliwe ngokulandelayo. Ungasakaza phakathi kwemigqa yombungu noma we-tansy. |
| Izinduna zithanda amahlumela amasha, ujusi oncelayo. | Fafaza umhluzi ophekiwe (u-chamomile, upelepele oshisayo). Ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile. |
| I-Powdery hlobo, i-fusarium, i-peronosporosis, ukubola kwephansi | Izifo zokukhunta. Ama-turnips anempilo aphathwa ngama-insecticides. Iziguli ziyabhubhisa. |
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvunwa kuqala ngemuva kokuba imifino iba nokhahlo bese kuqala iphenduka iphuzi kancane, bese iyashwabana. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukuqoqwa akuqali, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbotshana zizogcinwa kahle futhi zizokhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kuvunwa ekuseni kakhulu ngosuku lwesimo sezulu esomile futhi yomiswe kahle ngaphansi kombhede. Amahlamvu anqunywa kumabhulethi, abese aqhekeka abe ngamaqoqo.
Zigcinwe zimiswe endaweni emnyama nokufinyelela okuhle komoya. Ungayishiya emanethini inyanga ngayinye ngokunamathisela odongeni. Lapho-ke u-anyanisi uyahlelwa bese umhlaba ususwa kuwo.
Ungagcina izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo ezifika sekwedlule unyaka ngemuva kokuvunwa:
- emabhokisini enziwe amakhadibhodi noma ngokhuni;
- kubhasikidi;
- eshalofini elingaphansi esiqandisini;
- ngo-kapron stockings.
Amabhuleki adinga izinga lokushisa lika + 8 ... +10 ° C, kanye nembewu + 15 ... +20 ° C. Umswakama awunakekelwa ungaphansi kuka-60-70%.
UMnu Summer ohlala kule ndawo uyancoma: izakhiwo ezizuzisayo ze-shallots
I-anyanisi iqukethe izinto ezidingekayo empilweni yabantu (amavithamini, amaminerali), ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo njalo kungathuthukisa imisebenzi yomzimba. Inemiphumela elandelayo elandelayo:
- ukulungiswa kwengcindezi yegazi;
- ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi;
- cholesterol ephansi;
- ukukhulisa ukumelana komzimba ezintweni zangaphandle;
- ukuphuculwa kwamapheshana emathunjini;
- ukubhujiswa kwezimbali ze-pathogenic;
- imiphumela emihle embonweni;
- ukuqedwa kobuthi;
- iqonde ikhwalithi yezinwele nezinzipho.
Ukunambitheka nokuhogela okutholakalayo kusivumela ukuba sihlukanise izimbotshana njengezokudliwayo, futhi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni kwaseFrance. Kungezwe ezitsheni zoketshezi, inyama nezinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokupheka. I-anyanisi ingagcinwa ku-marinade, iqandiswe noma yomiswe.
