I-Osteospermum: isithombe, ukutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Osteospermum - utshani obusebenza iminyaka eminingi kanye nonyaka, izihlahlana nezihlahla zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika, ezomndeni wakwaCompositae.

Izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlobisa. Ngenxa yokufana kwayo ngqo ne-chamomile, akuvamile ukuthi isitshalo sibizwe ngokuthi yi-daisy yase-Afrika, iCape noma enamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye neCais daisy.

Incazelo nezici ze-osteosperm

I-Osteospermum yakhiwa isihlahla esikhula size sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-1 ukuphakama, noma kunjalo, lobu bukhulu abujwayelekile kakhulu futhi amasampula angama-0.5 m avela emibhedeni yezimbali. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngabalimi njengonyaka. Isici esiyisihluthulelo yiphunga elikhishwe ngamahlamvu kanye nesiqu, okuthi kuwo wonke umhlaba sibe ne-pubescence encane.

Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni futhi ziyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho isimo sezulu esibandayo sekwindla, sibonisa ukwakhiwa okuningi kwamahlamvu amasha Ngokubukeka, imbali ifana ne-chamomile, kepha ngopende omkhulu wama-shades, ikakhulukazi njengokukhanya, obomvu no-orange.

Ubungako buqala ku-2,5 kuye ku-7.5 cm, bangavulwa kuphela lapho kunesimo sezulu esishisayo, ngakho-ke unyaka ngamunye uvikela impova yawo. I-Osteospermum ingabambezela noma iyeke ukukhula ngesikhathi sokushisa kwehlobo, kanti akufanele unisele isitshalo ngokweqile noma uqhubeke nokwelashwa kwaso. Lokhu kusabela kungokwemvelo futhi kuzodlula ngokwako lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-osteosperm

Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke zifaka cishe izinhlobo ezingama-70 zezitshalo kanye nzalo yawo.

I-Eclona

I-branched yonyaka ifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama. Akuwona amaqabunga abanzi akhombe emaphethelweni ngamazinyo amaningana.

Ama-petals amhlophe kakhulu ngombala ngemithambo phansi, abeke obhasikidi omnyama.

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid

Kuyabonakala

Phansi minyaka yonke, kuze kufike ku-0.5-0.7 m ukuphakama. Izimbali zishintsha umbala njengoba ziqhakaza.

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid

Shrubby

Ubukhulu obuncane benzelwe ubuningi bezimbali eziphakeme esihlahleni esisodwa.

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-osteosperm

Ikhiqizwa ngembewu nokusika, kepha eyokugcina ilungele amasampula angaphakathi kuphela.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezihambisana nokukha, imbewu enkulu ekuqaleni itshalwa ezinkomishini ezihlukile. Isikhathi esifanelekile salokhu siyahlukahluka futhi siyahluka ngesifunda. Ngokwekhalenda lenyanga kufanele itshalwe ngo-Ephreli.

Inhlabathi ilungele ukugeleza okumsulwa okuhle. Kuqukethe:

• Isihlabathi;
• I-Peat;
• Umhlaba weSodoma.

Ukuze kube lula, ungatshala imbewu kumathebhulethi we-peat - lokhu ngeke kusazifaka umanyolo i-osteopermum, ngoba inhlabathi isizovele igcwele yonke imithombo yezithako ezidingekayo. Indlela efanayo iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Ukuze utshale isitshalo kahle, kufanele:

1. Faka imbewu enhlabathini ukujula okungadluli ku-0.5 cm;
2. Mboza isitsha ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene;
3. Shiya endaweni efudumele futhi eyomile evikini eli-1.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inqubo yokuhlwanyelwa ayinantshisekelo yokufaka imbewu ngaphambili, lokhu kungenxa yobuchopho be-ostesperm, obuzwela kakhulu umswakama ngokweqile.

Ngemuva kwesonto, kufanelekile ukubeka izithombo efasiteleni, izinga lokushisa elihle kuzoba cishe ngo-1818 C. Ama-Shots azoqala ukwelula lapho kunokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, ungazenzela ngokusebenzisa umthombo owengeziwe, ama-phytolamp aphelele. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi amahora okukhanya anconyiwe ngosuku kufanele aqhubeke cishe amahora ayi-14. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa njalo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sokuphuza, ngoba uma izingxangxasi zamanzi, i-steospermum ingabola.

Ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ngaphambi kokufaka izitshalo zingene emhlabathini ovulekile, kuqala ukuba lukhuni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amahlumela kufanele wenziwe imizuzu eminingana ngaphandle, kancane kancane andise isikhathi esichithwa emoyeni omusha. Lapho usongo lweqhwa ludlula futhi isimo sezulu esingoMeyi sisungulwa - ungasifaka isitshalo usivumele umhlaba ovulekile, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga eli-0,5 m phakathi kwezithombo.

Ukusakazeka kwe-osteospermum ngembewu eqoqwe engadini yakho - akufanele ulindele ukuthola amasampula afanayo, lokhu kusebenza ezinhlotsheni ze-terry ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Ama-cuttings akhethekile ukungakhiqizi ngaphambi kuka-Ephreli. Ukuze kusakazeke, unquma usuka phezulu kwesitshalo esivele sivuthiwe kufanelekile. Kuyadingeka ukusika lezo ezifika ku-7 cm ubude. Amacembe aphansi kufanele asuswe bese ucezu luvuselelwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho sezishonile ngandlela thile, izithombo zibekwa endaweni engaphansi kwesihlabathi ne-vermiculite. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele udale umphumela wegreenhouse ngokusimboza isitsha nge-polyethylene futhi usibeka endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle. Lapho-ke udinga ukufafaza njalo bese unisela izithombo ezisikiwe. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2 bazokhula.

Ukutshala nokunakekela kwangaphandle

Isitshalo esithanda ilanga sikhethelwa indawo evulekile, enokhanyo kahle, isithunzi esincane siyamukeleka.

Izidingo zenhlabathi eziyisisekelo:

1. I-Acidity icishe ibe yi-7 pH, futhi i-acidic kancane;
2. Ukuzala okulinganiselayo;
3. Ukuqina
4. Ukuqina kwamanzi nomoya.

Okokuqala udinga ukugaya inhlabathi, uyinikeze ukuba ikhubazeke, uyilinganise futhi unikeze isikhathi esanele sokuxazulula. Isigaxa sobumba asikwazi ukubhujiswa, ngakho-ke ivolumu yaso kufanele ibhekwe lapho kugaywa izimbobo. Ngemuva kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganise kancane umhlaba uzungeze bese uthambisa kakhulu.

Ukugcwaliswa kwezimbali kuncike ekujuleni kokunisela ngalesi sikhathi, kepha isikhathi sonke siyakufanelekela ukuthambisa njengoba kunesidingo.

Ukusikeka nokugqoka

Ukuhlwanyelwa kwesitshalo ngqo kuncike ekunciphiseni ngesikhathi. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza eziqongweni zamahlumela. Futhi, ukulima akuphelile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali amahlandla ama-3 ngesizini:

1. Izinsuku eziyi-15 ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile;
2. Esiteji sokuhlanganisa ama-buds;
3. Ngobusuku bekwindla.

Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka okuhlobisa, kubalulekile ukudedela lesi sitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqothuka kwama-inflorescence.

I-steosperm ebusika

I-Osteospermum ingakhula ngokuphepha kuphela ezindaweni ezifudumele, okungukuthi, lezo lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingehli ngaphansi kuka--10 ° C. Kulokhu, imbali idinga ukufakwa okwengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, ingambozwa ngamahlamvu owomile.

Uma uhla lokushisa lungahlangabezani nemfuneko, kufanele uguqukele ezenzweni ezilandelayo:

1. Susa ngokucophelela isihlahla, ngenkathi kungalimali uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande;
2. Hlela esitsheni esibanzi;
3. Shiya ngokushisa hhayi ngaphansi kuka -10 ° C futhi kwesinye isikhathi amanzi;
4. Entwasahlobo, tshala i-osteospermum emuva.

Isihlahla esidonsa ubusika emgwaqweni kufanele sihlanze zonke iziqu entwasahlobo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

I-Osteospermum ayihlaselwa izinambuzane eziningi zezinambuzane ezivamile ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo, isimo esifanayo nesinokulimala. Umswakama owedlulele, obangela ukubola kwezimpande, ungalimaza isihlahla. Kulokhu, isihlahla kufanele siphathwe nge-fungicides.

Akukona ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwelapha lesi sitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi esifanele ezizosiza ekugcineni impilo yesihlahla. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kubandakanya:

• Ukhula ngesikhathi
• Ukugcinwa ngendlela efanele kwembewu;
• Ukuqashwa njalo kwe-pH yenhlabathi akwamukeleki njengoba amazinga aphansi ngokweqile noma ngokweqile e-acidity;
• Ukhula okuhlala njalo, i-hydration efanele;
• Ukulondolozwa kokukhula kwenhlabathi;
• Ukuvuna izinsalela zezinsalela zezitshalo, kubalulekile ukuvimba ubusika bazo emhlabathini.

Uma kungekho eminye imithombo yokudla, ama-aphid azodla i-steosperm. Izimpawu zokuziphatha zizoba ophuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Ukuqeda inkathazo - vele uphalaze isihlahla ngama-insecticides, ezinye izindlela, isibonelo, isisombululo sensipho, nazo ziyafaneleka. Ukuze ukwenze, udinga ukuthatha izingilazi ezi-1 ze-ash bese uthele amalitha ayi-10 amanzi abilayo nge-1/7 yensimbi evamile yesepha yokuwasha, okumele ichotshelwe ngaphambili ibe yimisiko. Ngemuva kwalokho shiya ikhambi lokufaka ubusuku bonke. Thenga ngokusebenzisa i-cheesecloth ngaphambi kokufafaza. Ilungele ukuvikela izitshalo ezincane.

Mnu. Dachnik uyancoma: imibono yendawo yaseCape daisies engadini

Lesi sitshalo sibukeka sihle zombili emasimini engadi enkulu neyincane. Kutalwe njengesihlahla semngcele, kuhlanganiswe nokwakhiwa kwamatshe, futhi kufanelekile emibhedeni yezimbali exubile nemingcele yokuxuba. Ukubukeka okulula kwenza lesi sitshalo sibe indawo yonke, sihlanganiswe nenani elikhulu lezinhlobo nezinhlobo zezitshalo.

Isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa utshani, isihlahla esime sodwa sizodonsela ukunaka. Izinhlobo ezinamakhompiyutha zilungele ukutshala ebhodweni, zokutshala okulengayo, kumakhalkini kanye namathafa. Ngeke kube yinto ephezulu ukubopha iziqu, uma ubukhazikhazi besihlahla bungavumeli ukuthi iqhubeke nokubukeka. Izinhlobo zezimbaza zingasetshenziswa njengezitshalo zomhlabathi. I-Osteospermum yamathoni amhlophe izokwakha ukwakheka okuhle nge-lavender, i-Iberis, i-me-not-nots kanye ne-petunias.