ILeek ibizwa nangokuthi u-anyanisi weparele. Itholakala ngesimo sasendle eMpumalanga Eseduze nasesifundeni iMedithera. Njengesitshalo semifino sesithole ukuthandwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Kwakuwukunambitheka okungajwayelekile okwenze kwathandwa kakhulu ukuthi okwamanje kube kukubi.
Incazelo yeLek
ILeek ikhula ngaphezu kwezinkathi ezimbili zonyaka. Ezimweni ezinzima zesimo sezulu, sikhula njengonyaka. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ubusika besitshalo esidala kungenzeka nge-mulching noma iqhwa eliningi. Ukusakazeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kuvunyelwe eningizimu.
Ukuphakama kwamaqabunga aqoqiwe ngokuqoqeka kungahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo futhi kufinyelele kusuka kuma-40 cm kuye kumitha eyi-1. Izimpande zinamandla impela futhi zakheke kahle. ILeek ine-bulb encane yesimo esimhlophe esimhlophe - ibizwa ngokuthi amanga. Ububanzi bayo buqala ku-2 cm bube ngaphezu kwama-8 cm, futhi ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-12 cm (ngokunakekelwa okuhle kuze kufike ku-50 cm). Igelezela esihlahleni esiluhlaza kanye namaqabunga. Amaqabunga ngokwawo angama-lanceolate, ahlelwe ngokufana.
Esikhathini sesibili, u-anyanisi unikeza i-peduncle eqinile, efinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama. Izimbali zihleleke kuma-inflorescence ama-umbrella; umthunzi wazo usuka ku-pink opinki uphuzi. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngembewu eyakha ekugcineni komcibisholo. Imbewu ivela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - ukuwa kokuqala. Ukuphepha kokutshala izinto zeminyaka eyi-2. Izici ezihlukanisayo zesitshalo ukumelana nokubanda nokuqothuka komswakama.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zamaleke
| Isikhathi sokuvula | Ibanga | Incazelo |
| Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa lapho ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kwenzeka ngokwesilinganiso izinsuku eziyi-140. | Columbus | Isitshalo sokuvuthwa sokukhethwa kwamaDashi. Inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Ukuphakama kungamasentimitha angama-75. Ingxenye emhlophe ingama-20 cm ukuphakama no-6 cm ubukhulu futhi inesisindo esingu-400 g.Isici esihlukanisayo sezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi awukwazi ukusisula ukuze kuvele umlenze omhlophe omnandi. |
| I-Vesta | Ukuzikisela okuphakeme, okude - 1.5 m. Uma u-anyanisi ehlinzekelwe imibandela edingekayo, khona-ke ukuphakama kwengxenye yayo emhlophe kukhula kube ngu-30 cm, bese isisindo siba ngama-350 g. Ukunambitheka kuhle. | |
| Isiqu sendlovu | Yakha umlenze ophakeme kahle, ongafika ku-30 cm, kepha kuphela nge-hilling ejwayelekile. Ukugcina ikhwalithi yinde. Ukunambitha okumnandi. | |
| UGoliyati | I-anyanisi engamanga ingafinyelela kumasayizi amakhulu - cishe ama-6 cm ububanzi, ukuphakama okungama-30 cm kanye nama-200 g, kodwa kuphela uma isitshalo sinakekelwa kahle. Amahlamvu aluhlaza grey. | |
| Kilima | Kuvuniwe. Isisindo esingu-150 g, ubude bungaba ngu-10 cm, noma ngaphezulu, ngokuya ngezimo nokunakekelwa. | |
| Izinhlobo ezimaphakathi zokuvuthwa, izinsuku ezingama-150-180. | Jolant | Isiqu esidliwayo esingu-35 cm. Ubunzima ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu. |
| Casimir | Ekuphakameni okuphezulu, isihlahla sibumbene. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ukuthambekela kwezifo, ikakhulukazi isikhunta, kuphansi. Isiqu cishe singama-20-30 cm, bese kuthi ukuqina kube ngaphezulu kuka-3 cm. | |
| Ikhamera | Amacembe alezi zinhlobo aphuzi ngenxa ye-plaque. Isihlahla impela sihlangene, simelana nomonakalo wezifo nezinambuzane. I-Bulb ivezwa buthaka. Ukuphakama kwengxenye edliwayo, kanye nobubanzi, kuyisilinganiso. | |
| Tango | Imelana neqhwa futhi ikhiqiza. Amacembe aqondile. Ingxenye emhlophe ayiphezulu, kepha kunalokho ikhulu. | |
| Bastion | Kubonisa ukumelana nokubona. Ingxenye ehlanganisiwe yesiqu iyakhuphuka - ifinyelela ku-30 cm futhi inesisindo esingaba ngu-220 g. | |
| Izinhlobo zakamuva - zihlukaniswa ngekhwalithi ephezulu yokugcina. Phinda ngokwesilinganiso ezinsukwini ezingama-180. | Indlovu | Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana nesomiso nesithwathwa. Ingxenye edliwayo emhlophe ifinyelela isisindo esingama-200 g futhi inambitha yesiqhingi. |
| Ukuhlukaniswa | I-25 cm engxenyeni emhlophe inobubanzi obungama-4 cm, amaqabunga akhiwa aqhakaza futhi ububanzi. | |
| UMercury | Ingxenye emhlophe yezinhlobonhlobo inomlenze onesisindo esingu-200 g, onambitheka kancane wesiqhingi. | |
| Asgeos | U-anyanisi oqinile obusika. Ukunambitheka kwengxenye emhlophe kuyinto ebukhali. Isisindo sayo singafinyelela ku-350 g. | |
| Thug | Ukubukeka kweDashi okungahambisani nokubanda kunesiqu esifushane kodwa esibukhulu. |
Izindlela zokukhulisa amaliki
Ukukhula nokunakekela ama-leek kuyinqubo ethokozisayo kakhulu. Kuyinto engathobeki futhi ayidingi ukunakwa kakhulu.
Into yokuqala okudingeka uyinake yisifunda lapho indawo yokuhlela ihlelwe khona. Isibonelo, eningizimu, izwe lifudumala entwasahlobo ngokushesha okukhulu, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokutshala.
Kepha esimweni sezulu esifudumele nasentabeni esenyakatho, le ndlela ngeke isebenze. Isikhathi esifudumele siqala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okushisa angalungile angabuya. Njengoba ukutshala ama-leeks ngokushesha endaweni evulekile kungasebenzi, kufanele ukwenze lokhu ngokusebenzisa izithombo.
Izinsuku zokutshala nokutshala izithombo ze-leek emhlabathini
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela kumele sikhethwe ngokuya ngesifunda, futhi emazingeni okushisa nakwezimo zezulu ngonyaka othile. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, kufanele ibanjelwe masinyane njengoba sekufudumele futhi akusekho ukusongela kokubuya kwesithwathwa.
Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, kufanele kutshalwe izithombo, lokhu kungenziwa ngoFebhuwari kuze kube maphakathi noMashi.
Iphuzu lesibili okufanele licatshangelwe ikhalenda yenyanga. Uma ugxila ezigabeni zenyanga, khona-ke isikhathi esihle sokutshala sizoba yilezinsuku ezilandelayo:
- 27-31 - Januwari;
- 1–3, 13- 13, 17, 23-25 ngo -Febhuwari;
- 1, 10-12, 15-17, 23-25, 27-29, 30 ngoMashi;
- 7, 8, 11, 12, 21-26 - Ephreli;
- 8-10, 17, 21-23 - Meyi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa izithombo ze-leek ekhaya
Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe iziqongo lapho izotshalwa khona imbewu. Amabhodwe epulasitiki afanelekile, kufanele abe ajule impela, okungenani okungenani ngo-12 cm, njengoba uhlelo olude lwempande lukhula ngamaliki.
Uma ungafuni ukuphuma emanzini, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha amabhodwe akhethekile we-peat.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukulungiselela ingxube yobumba. ILeek ithande inhlabathi elula, udaka olusindayo ngeke lusebenze. Ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma ezilungiselelwe ngokuzimela ngokuxuba ama-25% we-peat kanye nengadi ejwayelekile noma umhlaba wegadi kanye nama-50% humus.
Ukuze uvikele ukutheleleka kwezithombo ngezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, inhlabathi kumele ihlanzwe ngokuyichitha ngeningi lesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate noma i-Fitosporin.
Okulandelayo, lungisa futhi ulungiselele imbewu. Okokuqala kuyadingeka ngamaphesenti aphezulu okuhluma nokungamelana kwezifo nezinambuzane.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokususa igciwane:
- ukushesha kokuhluma kungatholakala ngokufaka amahora angama-24 emanzini afudumele;
- Ungasebenzisa futhi iFitosporin yokwenyusa;
- uma ufuna ukunciphisa isikhathi sembewu emi emanzini afudumele, kwanele ukusebenzisa i-thermos - amahora ama-3-4 emanzini +40 ° C, hlambulula ngamanzi abandayo bese womile.
Uma iziqukathi zinezinkomishi ngazinye, kungcono ukuvala imbewu emithathu kuzo. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ukhethe isitshalo esiqine kakhulu ngemuva kwalokho. Uma kusetshenziswa isitsha esikhulu, khona-ke imbewu kufanele itshalwe ngokulinganayo, ukuze kuthi kamuva ikwazi ukuthwala izithombo kube lula.
US Kon Leek
Ukuze ungantshontshi u-anyanisi lapho ufaka izithombo, ungasebenzisa ukufakwa kumnenke. Ukuhlela umklamo onjalo, thatha ipulatifomu elingaphansi kwepulasitiki, ifilimu eyembozayo noma evamile yokufaka kanye neqembu noma intambo ye-elastic.
Sika imbobo yepulasitiki eguquguqukayo ibe umucu, ububanzi obuyi-15 cm, ubude obu-1. Beka inhlabathi kuyo, uyicindezele ngobumnene. Ngemuva kwalokho, komunye wemaphethelo ohlangothini olude, beka ngokucophelela imbewu ye-leek ngebanga elifanayo (cishe 1 cm, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwe-2 cm). Songa ifilimu ngentambo bese uyilungisa ngebhendi ye-elastic - i-konitor isilungile. Faka isigaxa epanini eligcwele amanzi bese uqinisa phezulu ngefilimu. Lokhu kuzodala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa bese kusheshise ukuqhuma kwembewu. Ifilimu izodingeka isuswe ngokushesha nje lapho ibopha.
Izimo zokukhulisa izithombo
Ukusuka kokutshala kuya kuzithombo kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-15- 24. Kulesi sigaba, kubalulekile ukuthi benze izimo ezipholile. Kuyadingeka ukufezekisa izinkomba zokushisa ebusuku ku + 10 ... +12 ° C. Ntambama ngo + 15 ... +17 ° C. Zibambe kanjalo cishe izinsuku ezingama-7-9. Ngemuva kokuthuthela endaweni efudumele (+ 13 ... +15 ° С - ebusuku, + 18 ... +20 ° С - phakathi nosuku). Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, gcina izithombo zikwazi ukutshala endaweni evulekile. Ungafaka amahlumela ku-greenhouse.
Izithombo zidinga amahora asemini okungenani amahora ayi-12. Ungayibeka efasiteleni. Kepha, njengoba elangeni lasebusika alanele, kungakuhle ukuthi kukhanyisele izitshalo nge-phytolamp noma ngama-LEDs.
Ukunisela kuvame futhi kuningi. Ngenxa yokuthi amahlumela mncane kakhulu futhi awubuthakathaka, ukuthambisa kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kungabhubhisi isitshalo. Uma kunesidingo, engeza inhlabathi. Ungavumeli inhlabathi yome. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhula kuzoncipha. Lapho sekudlule izinsuku ezingama-30 kusuka kuzithombo zokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuncipha u-anyanisi, ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwezithombo eziseduzane ezingaba ngu-3-4 cm. Ukukhetha kungathandeki; ukufika komhlaba ngeziqukathi ezivulekile noma ezizodwa kunconywa.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthenwa kwesitshalo ukuvimba ukwakheka kokutshala okuhlaza, okunobude obungaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Kungcono ukuthi usinqume amahlandla ama-2 ngenyanga.
Udinga futhi ukondla kabili. Okokuqala, emasontweni amabili aqhamukile. Futhi-ke izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwe-dive bese udlulisela emhlabathini ovulekile. Inqola yeKemir ilungele lokhu. Ungase futhi wenze ukumiliselwa kokuphonsa inyoni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha i-0.5 kg bese uxuba kahle kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho yenza njengokunisela ngaphansi kwesitshalo.
Kungenzeka ukufaka umanyolo ngesisombululo se-5 g se-calcium chloride, 20 g ye-superphosphate ne-10 g ye-urea, exutshwe nenani lamanzi.
Sincoma ukufunda izindatshana ezikhuluma ngendlela umbhali wethu atshala ngayo i-leek esifundeni saseTver.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-leek emhlabathini ovulekile
I-Leek ingatshalwa enhlabathini lapho amaqabunga ama-4 angempela enziwe kuyo - lesi sikhathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhula senzeka ngokwesilinganiso izinsuku ezingama-55.
Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukulungiselela umhlaba esizeni. Bambe ngokusetshenziswa kanyekanye komanyolo, inqobo yokuthi inhlabathi ene-acidic ayibekezelelwa kahle lolu hlobo lwe-anyanisi. Ngokusola okuncane kwezinga le-acidity, ufulawa we-dolomite noma lime kufanele ungezwe.
I-Leek itshalwe kangcono ngemuva kwezimbali, amazambane, utamatisi, iklabishi nomquba oluhlaza. Omakhelwane abahle njengama-sitrobheli, izaqathi, izimbotshana, kanye no-celery kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Akunconywa ukutshala i-leek lapho ezinye izinhlobo zama-anyanisi zikhula khona ngaphambi kwalokho.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, nciza isistimu yezimpande cishe ingxenye yesithathu noma ikota. Lokhu kuzoba nomthelela ekuqothulweni kwejubane okusheshayo nokwakhiwa kwamajwidi ekhwalithi.
Kwisitjalo ngasinye, umgodi obunjwe ngokufana wenziwa ngokujula okungaba ngu-12 cm, kusale cishe ama-17 cm phakathi kwawo.Izikhala ezingomakhelwane zigaya kude nge-35-45 cm. Lezi yizinhlaka ezizokwenza kube ngcono ukukulima okutshalwe leek ngokuzayo.
Ungenza imifino ejulile, nakuzo izimbobo, utshale izithombo lapho, ungakhohlwa ukufafaza inhlabathi njengoba ikhula. Kuhle ukufafaza ama-grooves ngenhlanganisela yomlotha nge-humus (isilinganiso 1:20).
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-leek emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngenyanga ka-Ephreli, ungaqala ukutshala imbewu ye-leek ngqo emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi ifudumala ngokwanele futhi akukho songo sokuqandelwa iqhwa.
Ngokuvulekile, imithetho elandelayo kufanele ibonwe:
- inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidity engathathi hlangothi futhi ingabi ubumba;
- indawo kufanele ikhanye ngokwanele futhi inomswakama.
Ukulandelana kweSeeding:
- ukwelashwa kwembewu;
- ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi ngokuphelele;
- Umanyolo - 40 g we-superphosphate, 30 g kasawoti we potassium kanye nenani le-urea eline-4 kg yomquba - 1 m2 inhlabathi;
- ukwakheka kogibe noma imigodi ethile ehlanganisiwe enobubanzi obungaba ngu-10 cm
Ukuhlwanyela ubusika
Ungabeka uphawu lokubekisa imbewu ebusika. Inhlabathi kuleli cala idinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha nje lapho isivuno sesivuniwe. Kwanele ukumba ngokucophelela ngomanyolo. Ngemuva kwalokho kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi sokubekwa kwembewu esifanele. Udinga ukuqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi isithwathwa sokuqala sesifikile, futhi ngeke kusaba khona thaw futhi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma imbewu inesikhathi sokukhula, khona-ke imane nje izoyichitha. Ukuze ungasikezi izitshalo kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuthi utshale imbewu engu-3 umgodi ngamunye ngaso leso sikhathi. Phakathi kwabo kumele okungenani kube no-10 cm.Imigqa yenziwa ngemuva kuka-cm 20. Ubusika buyadingeka, ukumboza imibhede nge-peat - lo yi-mulch. Ngemuva kokuwa kweqhwa, lidonswa emiseleni yeglasi.
Ukunakekelwa Kwombhede We-Leek
Ukunakekelwa kulula. Kepha ukuze isivuno sicebe, kusadingeka ulandele izeluleko ezilandelayo:
- khulula inhlabathi;
- i-spud, ezokwenza ukuthi kube nokwakha ingxenye emhlophe - ngaphandle kwalokho isiqu siyakuba luhlaza;
- umswakama osesikhathini;
- ukondla;
- vimbela noma lawula izinambuzane.
Spud kuphela lapho isiqu sifinyelela ekuqineni kwepensela. Uma ungayinaki le nqubo, khona-ke ukunambitheka kwesitshalo kuyawohloka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngaphandle kwalokhu, u-anyanisi ukhula ngaphandle kwengxenye emhlophe noma ube mncane.
Ukunisela kuyadingeka kanye noma kabili ngesonto, kuya ngokushisa komile nenhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli ukomiswa okuqinile kwenhlabathi futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqina kwamanzi. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu we-anyanisi ogqoke umquba wenkukhu, i-superphosphate kanye nomanyolo we-potash.
Izifo kanye nezilokazane zezinkukhu
Izifo ezijwayelekile ze-leek.
| Izinkinga | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Ugwayi uhlehla | Ngenhloso yokuvimbela - ukulwa nokhula, susa amaqabunga awileyo bese udala imfucuza enhlabathini, ezinye izilimo, izithombo semifuno kanye nomquba kuminyanise inhlabathi. Ukulungiselela - Actellik, Karate, Agravertin. |
| Isihlahla seqabunga | |
| I-anyanisi indiza | Phatha usawoti ngamanzi (1:50) kanye ezinyangeni ezi-2. Futha nge-potanganum permanganate - 5 g nge-1 litre yamanzi. Sebenzisa umlotha wezinkuni namanzi (1: 10) ukwelapha izitshalo nomhlabathi. Tshala eduze kwezaqathi kanye ne-celery. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | I-Fitosporin - nesixazululo sayo, ingxenye eluhlaza iyafafazwa. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: ukuthi ungawagcina kanjani ama-leeks
Ukuhlanza kuhlale kuyindaba yokugcina kahle. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokubeka u-anyanisi esiqandisini. Kuyadingeka ukushiya kuphela ingxenye emhlophe - konke okunye kufanele kunqunywe futhi kuhlanzwe ngokuphelele emhlabathini. Paka emaphaketheni amancane inombolo encane yama-petioles. Ngakho-ke imifino izohlala isisha izinyanga eziyi-4-5. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile u-anyanisi ukuvikela ukhunta noma ukoma ukuphuma.
Ingafakwa emiphongolweni, kuvulandi, esihlabathini esimanzi ngamazinga okushisa we + 1 ... -1 ° C, lapho umswakama ungama-85%. Ukwehla okukhulu kufinyelela ku -7 ° С.
Izici eziwusizo kanye ne-contraindication yama-leeks
I-Leek ifaka inani elikhulu lamavithamini kanye namaminerali, i-carotene nezakhi zamaprotheni. Izici ezinhle zifaka:
- ukuphuculwa gallbladder;
- umphumela omnene we-diuretic;
- ukuvusa inkanuko;
- ukuma kwesibindi;
- ukululama komzimba, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwezifo;
- ukukhulisa ithoni.
Kodwa-ke, le imifino emisha ayinconywa kubantu abahlushwa yizifo zepheshana lesisu. Ngokunemba, udinga ukukudla kulabo abanokungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini wezinso nesinye.
