I-Plumeria - ukukhula kanye nokunakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

Plumeria frangipani - izimbali zokuhlobisa amahlamvu shrub emndenini wakwaKutrov. Abaningi bayakwazi ukutshala isihlahla ekhaya. I-Frangipani ikhula ngokushesha, ngisho nangaphakathi endlini, ukuphakama kwayo kungadlula i-2 m, uma phezulu linganqunywa ngesikhathi. Isitshalo eside esingapheli sibonisa ngamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama kanye nezimbali ezinkulu, ububanzi bazo bungafinyelela ku-0.1 m.

Ukuqhakaza kwama-plumeria asekhaya aqala engxenyeni yokuqala kaJulayi futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba, ngokwemvelo kuqhakaza cishe unyaka. Emvelweni wemvelo, lesi sihlahla sitholakala e-Lesser Antilles, eThailand, eNdiya, ePuerto Rico, nendawo lapho kuzalwa khona i-plumeria yiNyakatho Melika.

Lesi sitshalo sathola igama ngokuhlonipha isazi semvelo esidumile saseFrance uCharles Plumier, ofunda imibandela yezimila zezitshalo.

Bona nokuthi ungakhula kanjani i-allamanda yasendlini kanye nezokuxhumana.

Izici eziwusizo ze-frangipani

I-shrub, njengabameli abaningi bomndeni we-kutra, unobuthi. Ijusi lesitshalo, lapho lithintana nesikhumba, libangela ukucasuka okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukusebenza nesihlahla sigqoke amagilavu. Kepha ukubukeka kwe-plumeria kubangela ulwandle olunemizwa eyakhayo.

Ngokuhlanza umoya ozungezile futhi uhlale ujabule, lesi sitshalo siletha izinzuzo ezingabazeki. EThailand, umuthi kuthiwa unemilingo. Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo esisetshenziselwa ukwenza amasiko, sidonsela inhlanhla nenjabulo, sinika ukungafi.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukukhulisa ama-plumeria aphilile futhi amahle ekhaya, udinga ukubekezela futhi udale umkhathi ozungeze isitshalo esifana nezindawo ezishisa kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.

Nakekela i-plumeria ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ingcweti yezimbali enolwazi kuphela ongayikhulisa, ekwazi ukudala izimo ezinhle zesitshalo.

Izimbali

Inkosikazi ihlala ithokozela ukubona izimbali eziqhakaza efasiteleni lakhe. I-plumeria yangaphakathi iba ngumhlobiso okhanyayo wangaphakathi. I-Plumeria iqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJulayi futhi ihlala kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela izimbali ezinkulu eziminyene ezinhlanu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumahlumela amancane. Muhle kakhulu futhi uyafana ukuthi ubuhle bawo bubonakala benziwe abantu.

Izimbali ezintekenteke zingaba mhlophe qhwa, ukhilimu, opinki, ophuzi noma ube nombala we-motley. Ukushintshwa kwephimbo elilodwa kuya kwelinye kwenziwa kahle kakhulu nangokucacile kangangokuba kubukeka sengathi ingcweti enekhono isebenza kubo. Izimbali, njengazo zonke izimbali ze-coutra, zinuka kamnandi ngama-alimondi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakheka pods yembewu emnyama.

Kungani ama-plumeria engaqhakaza

UFrungipani akaphili lokho okulindelwe futhi akaqali ukuqhakaza uma:

• Angiphumulanga ebusika noma ubusika bebushisa kakhulu;
• isitshalo sikhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle: ukubanda noma ukukhanya okuncane;
• ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, "ukukhula" kwajula;
• isihlahla sikhule kusuka embewini ethathwe ezinhlotsheni ezi-hybrid.

Uma ushintsha izimo zokuboshwa, lesi sitshalo siyoqhakaza.

Imodi yokushisa

I-Thermophilic kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela umbuso wokushisa ukuze isitshalo sihambe kahle. Ehlobo, isihlahla simnandi ukuba ku + 27 - 30 ° C, kepha kulokhu udinga ukukhipha umoya egumbini ngokuvamile, ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-plumeria yasekhaya ayikubekezeleli okubhaliwe nokubekwa eduzane nendawo yomoya.

Ekwindla, izinga lokushisa lehla kancane kancane, ebusika kufanele kwehle ku + 16 - 18 ° C, khona-ke ubusika buzokwenzeka ngezimo ezijwayelekile.

Ukufafaza

Izitshalo ezishisayo zinobunzima ezindlini, ikakhulukazi ebusika, phakathi nesikhathi sokushisa. Kudingeka umswakama omkhulu. Ukwakha indawo enhle ekhaya, uvame ukudinga ukufafaza.

Inqubo yenziwa ngamanzi angcolile we-tepid.. Amaqabunga nomoya ezungeze isihlahla afafazwe ngokucophelela kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza, kugwema ukuxhumana nezimbali. Ngemuva kwenqubo, lesi sitshalo siyabanjiswa ukuze kungabikho ukukhanya kwelanga. Kuyasiza nokubeka imbiza ye-plumeria esikhwameni ngamapulangwe amanzi bese ubeka isitsha samanzi esivulekile eceleni kwaso. Isimo sezulu esibandayo nesamafu awukwazi ukufafaza.

Isibani

Ukukhanya okuhleliwe kahle kuyisidingo sokuqala sezimbali ezinde ezinhle nezimila kahle zezitshalo. Ithanda ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukukhanya kuphela okugcwele phakathi nonyaka lapho kuyoqhakaza kukhanye. Indawo yokubeka izimbali enesihlahla ibekwa engxenyeni eseningizimu yendlu, kodwa ifakwe umthunzi ntambama.

Ebusika nasekwindla, lapho amahora wemini ancishisiwe, udinga ukuvula ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ukuqashelwa kwalesi simo kuzosiza isitshalo ukuthi sibeke ama-buds amasha ebusika, futhi ehlobo - ukujabulisa wonke umuntu ngezimbali eziqhakazile.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela izitshalo ezi-hygrophilous kumele ziphathwe ngokucophelela. Ngokwazi ukuthi imbali iyakuthanda ukuphuza, omame abaningi bazama ukuyiphuzisa kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Ukunisela i-plumeria kufanele kwenziwe lapho umhlaba womhlabathi womile.

Ehlobo, lokhu kwenzeka kaningi. Isihlahla siniselwa kakhulu. Ebusika akuvamile futhi kunwe kancane, kepha inhlabathi esembizeni akufanele ivunyelwe ukuba isomile ngokuphelele. Ukuchelela kuncishiswa lapho kubanda khona ukuze kungabangeli ukubola kwezimpande.

Amanzi amaningi atholwe emigodini yokudonswa epanini lokuthosa kumele akhishwe. Ukunisela thatha amanzi afudumele avikelwe kahle. Ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini isikhathi eside, ungakhohlwa nge-mulching.

Imbiza

Isitshalo sine-rhizome eyenziwe kahle, ngakho-ke khetha imbiza emide ye-plumeria. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ishintshwa ibe entsha, enomthamo wezikhathi ezi-2 ngaphezulu: okudala nangaphezulu kwesitshalo, izimbiza kufanele ziphakeme. Kubalulekile ukuthi uzinze futhi uqinile ngokwanele ukuze ukuqina kukhuthaze ukugeleza kwesihlahla.

Inhlabathi

Ukulungiselela inhlabathi ukuzixuba thina, thatha ama-2 servings womhlaba we-turf kanye nengxenye ye-humus, umhlaba wamaqabunga, i-peat. Esitolo ungathenga inhlabathi yezitshalo zomhlobiso.

Ukuze wandise izindawo zokudonsela amanzi emgodini ongaphansi komhlaba, kubekwa izitini, amabhola amagwebu, ama-vermiculite anezelwa kukho.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho kunokukhula okusebenzayo kwezihlahla, i-plumeria iyahlanganiswa futhi ivundiswe. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, oqukethe inani elikhulu le-potassium ne-phosphorus: lezi zinto zidingeka ekwakhiweni okugcwele nokuqhakaza kwesihlahla okusaxakile.

I-nitrogen nayo iyadingeka, kepha ngamanani amancane kakhulu. I-nitrogen engaphezulu iyoholela ekufeni kwesihlahla. Kungcono ukufaka umanyolo owuketshezi, ulihlikihle ngamanzi aphelile kabili. Ukugcotshwa okuphezulu kwe-Root ne-foliar kwenziwa ngemuva kokunisela kwakusihlwa, kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-12. Ngemuva kwenqubo, lesi sitshalo sinombala. Ekwindla nasebusika, isihlahla asondli.

Ukufakelwa

Empilweni yezitshalo, ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu, esenziwa ngesikhathi esifanele. Amabhishi amancanyana abalwa njalo ngonyaka, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kaningana ngonyaka, lapho izimpande ziqala ukubonakala emigodini yokukhipha amanzi. Ukudluliselwa kwe-plumeria evuthiwe kwenziwa kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2,5. Imvamisa kulesisikhathi lapho izimpande ezinamandla zesitshalo zimboza umhlaba ngokuphelele.

I-shrub ifakelwa ebhodweni elide elingububanzi obukhulu, ngasikhathi sinye iqinisa ungqimba lwamanzi, ithatha indawo yesigcawu ibe nokudla okunempilo nokukhululekile. Akudingekile ukufakelwa izitshalo ezindala: kunzima ukukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande. Kulokhu, ingaphezulu kuphela eliqabulekile.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo siyaniselwa futhi sinwebeke izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ungondli izinsuku ezingama-21.

Ungatshala kanjani

Ukuze uhlunge umqhele wesitshalo, udinga ukuthenwa. Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, amagatsha anwebekile futhi alimala, amaqabunga amnyama, asikiwe. Ukumisa ukukhula, hlikihla isihlahla somuthi. I-pluming ye-pruning ayivuseleli ukwanda kwamahlumela, kepha kuphela ilungisa usayizi.

Ukwenza ukwakheka kwamagatsha amasha, faka unamathisela okhethekile wokuzalela. Ukuchelela okuhlala isikhathi eside kuholela ekwakhekeni komqhele omuhle obukhulu.

Izinhlobo zezindala azikwazi ukuncishiswa.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, isikhathi sokuthoma siyaqala. Amacembe aphansi wesitshalo ayawa, zonke izinqubo zokuphila zimisiwe. Umuthi ugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-14 - 16 ° C. Umswakama ushiywe ezingeni elifanayo. Benza isiqiniseko sokuthi i-substrate ayomile ebhodweni futhi akukho ukushuba komswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho i-plumerier izokufa.

Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, baqala ukususa kancane kancane isitshalo kusuka ku-hibernation: kuvame ukuniselwa, ukuphakela kuvuselelwa, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe liphakanyisiwe, futhi kancane kancane bajwayele ukukhanya kwemvelo.

Ukuzala

Ukuzalela ekhaya kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili.

Ukukhula kwama-plumeria kusuka embewini

Inketho ethandwayo yokuthola isihlahla. Kuyinto elula ukutshala imbewu enkulu, into esemqoka ukufaka amaphiko emhlabathini. Ngokushesha etshalwe ezinkomishini ezihlukile. Mboza ngefilimu futhi ugcine ufudumele. Lapho kuhluma amacembe amabili angempela, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufaka izithombo ezivuthiwe emabhodweni amakhulu, ziphekelwa ngomanyolo we-nitrogen. Itshalwe kabusha ngobunono ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isigaxa sobumba.

Ukusakazeka kwe-plumeria ngokusika

Sebenzisa lapho kwenziwa izihlahla. Izimbambo zisikwa emagatsheni asikiwe, ubude bawo bungadluli kumamitha ayi-21. Ukusikwa okuphezulu kwenziwa ngqo, okuphansi - ngokungacacile. Kususwe amashiya Nge-swab yekotini, amaconsi kashukela aphuma ezintanjeni asuswe futhi omiswe emoyeni. Kutalwe emhlabathini omanzi futhi embozwe ifilimu. Root endaweni efudumele izinyanga ezingaba ngu-2,5. Ukuvela kwamaqabunga kuzokhombisa ukuthi ukubekelwa phansi kwezimpawu kwenzeke.

Izitshalo ezakhiwe kusuka kuzilimo ziyaqhakaza eminyakeni emibili, futhi imbewu emva kweminyaka emihlanu.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ukunakekelwa okungasebenzi kahle kuholela ekubonakaleni kwezifo, kanti izinambuzane zihlasela isitshalo esibuthaka kaningi. Ungathola ngezinkinga ngezimpawu:

• amabhuleki awavulwa - isitshalo siyabanda (hlela kabusha endaweni efudumele; ebusika, ungafudumeza izimpande ngethawula elithambile elifudumele);
• elula isandla - ukukhanyisa okungekuhle (hlela kabusha endaweni ekhanyayo);
• amaqabunga ayawa i-plumeria - ukulungisa lesi sitshalo ukuze hibernation, inqubo yemvelo yomzimba;
• ukukhula kancane, kubuna - ukuntuleka komswakama (amanzi amaningi, ukuthambisa okulungile);
• bola izimpande -ukuqina kokuswakama ngesikhathi sokuphuza okusindayo (usike izimpande ezilimele, ufafaze izindawo ezinempilo ngefulawa yamalahle, udlulisele isihlahla emhlabathini omusha, lungisa ukuthambisa).

Kwesinye isikhathi i-plumeria ithintwa yisibungu sesicabucabu, umhlanga, i-mealybug.

Izinhlobo zePlumeria ekhaya ezinezithombe namagama

Ekhaya, izinhlobo ezimbili sezithole ukuthandwa:

I-Plumeria red (Plumeria rubra)

Umuthi omude onamaqabunga aluhlaza ovoid. Izimbali zinephunga elimnandi. Ububanzi bawo abukho ngaphansi kwama-50 mm. Ubukhulu be-hue ebomvu kuxhomeke eminyakeni ye-plumeri kanye lokushisa komoya egumbini. Kwisitjalo esivuthiwe, umbala awukhanyi kangako. Endaweni efudumele, ukugcwala kwethoni kuyakhuphuka.

I-White Plumeria (i-Plumeria alba)

Umuthi omude onamaqabunga amnyama we-emerald nezimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe qhwa. Izimbali zeVelvety zikhipha ukunambitheka okumnandi kwe-alimondi.

Ubuhle bethenda elidinga ukunakwa. Uma isihlahla sizwa ukunakekelwa kwabanikazi, siyosiphendula masinyane ngephunga eliqhakaza izimbali futhi libe nephunga elihle.