UPetunia ngumuntu odabuka emndenini omncane. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa ifaka i-Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula eNyakatho Melika.
Sekukonke, zingaba ngu-40 izinhlobo ze-petunia ezihlukanisiwe. Phakathi kwazo kukhona zombili izitshalo ze-herbaceous ne-semi-shrub. Izinhlobo zokuqala zamasiko zakhiqizwa ngekhulu le-XVIII.
Isincazelo sikaPetunia
I-Peunia ingaba yonyaka futhi ingapheli. Izici ezihlukile zesitshalo zifaka:
- iziqu ezinwabuzelayo nezihleliwe. Bahlukaniswa ngamagatsha anenkani;
- amahlumela osayizi abahlukahlukene, kuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane. Iphethwe izinwele zezinsimbi futhi zilula, zidwetshwe ngombala wotshani. Banesimo esiyindilinga;
- amaqabunga ahlukahlukene anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Amapuleti ayicwecwana, i-pubescent, ejwayelekile futhi onqenqemeni. Ubude bawo buyi-5-12 cm;
- izimbali ezinkulu. Imvamisa kakhulu bangashadi. Ezindebeni kukhona ama-terry noma ama-corollas abukeka elula efomu elimile njenge-funnel;
- umbungu. Ngendlela yebhokisi lamaqabunga eliphindwe kabili. Inezimbewu ezincane.
UPetunia uhlukaniswa ngokuya ngokuphakama. Amabhasi aphansi (awekho ngaphezu kwama-30 cm) futhi aphezulu (30-70 cm). Umbala ungahluka: onsomi, onsomi, omhlophe, opinki, obomvu onsomi neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali zihlotshiswe ngemithambo emnyama, ukuhlangana okukhanyayo komthunzi ohlukile. 
Bushy petunias abahlukahlukene
Ingadi petunia yayingumphumela wohlobo lwezinhlobo zasendle. Isikhathi sezimbali kusukela maphakathi nehlobo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuzohlala kuze kube yisithwathwa sokuqala. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ama-perennials atshalwa njengesitshalo sonyaka.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zikapuni
UPetunia unezinhlobo ezi-3:
- i-hybrid (isihlahla);
- mkhulu;
- ukweqa.
I-Shrub (hybrid)
I-Hybrid petunia isitshalo esinesihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi. Ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela kuma-70 cm. Ukufeza ubukhazikhazi obukhulu, akunconywa ukugqekeza ama-stepons. 
I-Pink Sky, iPicoti kanye neTiumph
Ububanzi be-corollas buyehluka phakathi kuka-12-16 cm. Iphunga elimnandi livela ku-petunia ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
| Ifomu | Incazelo | Izinhlobo | Izimbali | |
| Umbala | Ububanzi (cm) | |||
| Izimbali eziningi | Kubonakala ngokungathobeki, ukubumbana nobukhazikhazi besihlahla. Izimbali ziningi, ama-corollas angaba nemibala ehlukene. Ukuphakama kusuka ku-30 kuye ku-40 cm. | Umhlaba jikelele weqhwa | Imhlophe qhwa, elula. | Kufika ku-5. |
| Alderman | Luhlaza ngokujulile. | |||
| Umcabango | Okupinki, obomvu, okumhlophe, okusajingijolo, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. | |||
| Mirage | Ipinki, i-lilac, i-raspberry, i-violet. | 6 kuye ku-9 | ||
| Izimbali ezinkulu | Zibonakaliswa ngokuhlobisa okuphezulu. Izitshalo zifuna kakhulu izimo ezikhulayo. Izimbali zinkulu futhi ziyamangaza. Lezi zinhlobo zivame ukutshala emabhodweni, kuvulandi noma kwithala. Alikho ngaphezulu kuka-30 cm. | Ukunqoba | Okuhlukahlukene. | 5 kuya ku-15. |
| Isibhakabhaka esipinki | Okhanyayo opinki. | |||
| IPicoti | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe, okusajingijolo, obomvu. | |||
| UFloribunda | Iqembu eliphakathi libonakaliswa ngokuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali, ukuzithoba nobuhle. | Sonia | Imibala kukhona ama-raspberries, avuthayo, a-burgundy, onsomi onsomi, amhlophe. Ihlotshiswe ngomngcele olula nenkanyezi. | Ayidluli ku-15. |
| Osaziwayo | Kungaba-monophonic, imibala emibili nemibala emithathu. | |||
Sonia and OsaziwayoI-Ampelic
Izinhlobo ze-Ampel zihlukaniswa amahlumela amade akhula phansi. Izitshalo zidinga ukufudumala, i-hydration ejwayelekile kanye nokudla okunempilo.
Lawa ma-petunias asetshenziswa njengemihlobiso yokuhlobisa izindonga nama-balcony. Amelana nezimo zesimo sezulu esibi.
| Iqembu | Incazelo | Izimbali | |
| Umbala | Ububanzi (cm) | ||
| Ramblin | Ukuqhakaza okuningi, iziqu eziqonde. Ukuhluma okucishe kungabi ngaphezu kwama-80-90 cm. | UViolet, umhlophe qhwa, ilantshi, upinki omnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, usalimoni, obomvu, ipiki. | 7 kuya ku-8 |
| Conchita | Ngokubukeka, ama-corollas afana ne-caliberhoa. | Okuhlukile. | Kufika ku-5. |
| Wave | Iziqu zifinyelela ku-120 cm. | Ipinki, nsomi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi. | Akudluli ku-7. |
| Tumbelin | I-Semi-ampere, izimbali eziphindwe kabili. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kwakhiwa cap eyindilinga. Iphunga liqinile futhi limnandi. | Imibala ye-lavender, i-lilac, i-raspberry ecebile, enemivimbo ebomvu ngemuva kwepinki, onsomi emnyama, i-cherry. | 6 kuye ku-7. |
| I-Avalanche | Amagatsha wokuhluma, isikhathi sezimbali eside. Ubude bamahlumela buyi-70 cm. | Mhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owolintshi. | Ku-9. |
| I-Opera Suprim | Isitshalo esinamakhambi aluhlaza, amahlumela awo afinyelela kubude obuyi-100 cm. | Ipinki, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emhlophe, okusajingijolo. | Ayidluli ku-5. |
Ukwehlisa
I-Cascading petunia ivame ukudidaniswa ne-ampelous. Kuluhlu lokuhluka, isiqondisi sokukhula, ubude nobukhulu bamahlumela. 
Tornado, Burgundy, Orchid Mist
Okokuqala bakhula, bese bewa phansi.
| Ibanga | Incazelo |
| I-Orchid Mist | Okugeleza okukhulu, kunikeza ama-white-pink terry whisks. |
| I-Pirouette | Ngokungacabangi, umbala wezimbali ungahluka. |
| I-Burgundy | Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amahlahla ambozwe ama-corollas aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onsomi. |
| UGioconda | Ububanzi be-inflorescence abudluli ku-6 cm. Bangaba bomvu, mhlophe, o-orenji, bomvana kanye onsomi. |
| Tornado | Amahlumela amade (kusuka ku-100 cm), izimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo. |
Ukukhula petunia
Uma umlimi elandela i-algorithm eyiyo, ukutshala nokunakekela isivuno esishiwo engadini ngeke kudinga umzamo omkhulu. 
UGioconda Orange noPurou Pirouette Terry
UPetunia isitshalo esingathobeki. Ukumelana kwalo nokushisa kuncike kakhulu ezicini ezihlukile. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezincane aziniselwa kaningi kunezezimbali ezinkulu. Amanzi adinga ukuthululwa ngaphansi kwempande, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-corollas athambile namaqabunga amaqabunga ayohlupheka. Ukusula ukhula kunconywa kuphela ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sezimbali, u-petunia kumele ondliwe ngokuya ngohlelo olunqunyelwe ngaphambilini.
Lapho uyihlanganisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake isimo sokuqala senhlabathi.
- Gcoba okokuqala ngesonto ngemuva kokutshala.
- Owesibili nabo bonke abalandelayo - zonke izinsuku eziyi-10-14.
UPetunia udinga ingxubevange eyinkimbinkimbi, ebonakala ngokugcotshwa okuphezulu kwe-potassium.
Phakathi komanyolo we-organic, ukuthandwa kufanele kunikezwe ukufakwa kwe-mullein ne-humic compounds.
Izinsuku nezici zokutshala i-petunias
Abalimi abaningi batshala izinyosi maphakathi no-Mashi. Ukuntuleka kwemini kukhokhelwa ngama-fitolamp. Inani lembewu linqunyiwe, ngokunikezwa ukuhluma okuphansi.
Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke futhi ukhanye. Ukwakheka kwaso kumele kufake umhlabathi we-turf, i-humus ebolile, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwezithombo
Inqubo ilula:
- Ingxube yenhlabathi ithululelwa esitsheni esilungiselelwe ngaphambili. Isendlalelo sangaphansi sivinjezelwe.
- Ngosuku olwandulela ukutshala, inhlabathi iswakanyiswe kahle ngesibhamu sokufafaza.
- Imbewu ethengiwe noma evunwa ngokuzimele iyatshalwa.
- Mboza isitsha ngendwangu yengilazi noma yepulasitiki.
- Faka ibhokisi namabhodwe we-peat (kuya ngokuthi isitshalo sitshalwe kuphi) egumbini elinomoya wokushisa okungenani +20 ° C.
- Ukuvikela ukuvimbeka, izithombo kufanele zingene umoya ngokuphelele.
- Izinyathelo eziphoqelekile zifaka ukunisela okulinganiselayo kanye nokwelapha amagciwane. Ukulungiselela lokhu kwamuva, kusetshenziswa i-potanganum permanganate.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ayi-4 eqiniso, ayacosha. Izithombo zivame ukufakwa ku-peat noma ezimbizeni zepulasitiki. Ngemuva kwenqubo, izitshalo zidinga ukuniselwa.
- Ukuvikela izithombo, kusetshenziswa ama-lutrasil kanye namaphepha amaphepha.
- Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, thatha ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi njengeMortar, Kemira neNitrofoska. 25-25 g ancibilikiswa ku-10 l wamanzi.
Izimbali ziqala izinyanga ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokutshalwa kwezithombo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Amaviki angu-1-2 ngaphambi kwalo mcimbi, ukuqina kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuqala.
Indawo
Indawo kufanele ikhanyiselwe futhi ivikelwe nomoya. I-flowerbed ingatholakala eduze kocingo noma udonga lwesakhiwo. I-petunias izobukeka kahle eduze kwama-perennials amade. Bagcizelela ubuhle babo futhi bavikele ukulimala kwezicubu ezibucayi namaqabunga.
Izidingo zenhlabathi
UPetunia udinga inhlabathi evundile ebonakala ngokusabela kancane kwe-acidic noma ukungathathi hlangothi. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-humus nesakhiwo esisele. Izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zifaka i-loam elula. Uma inhlabathi isinda kakhulu, kufanele kwenezelwe isihlabathi ne-humus kuyo. Inhlabathi enesihlabathi izodinga umhlaba wefudu nomquba obolile.
Sebenzisa isithako sokugcina kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zokukhunta. Uma uhlela ukufika ezihlahleni zezimbali nabatshali bezitshalo, qiniseka ukuthi ulungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi yomhlaba we-turf, i-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, i-hydrogel ifakwa ohlwini lwezakhi.
Ukunakekelwa kwePetunia
Isiko lengadi lidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Uhlu lwemisebenzi yezolimo lubanzi kakhulu. Kubandakanya ukunisela, ukukhulisa umquba, ukhula, ukhula lokhula. Amanzi kufanele afudumele futhi axazululwe.
Inhlabathi kufanele iswakanyiswe kusihlwa. Yondla isitshalo kabili ngenyanga. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, faka izithombo ezinama-complexes aqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo ungathengwa esitolo sezimbali.
Ukuzala petunia
I-Ampel ne-terry petunias zisakazwa ngokusikwa. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa iziqu ze-apical zesitshalo, kuzo kukhona amaqabunga ayi-4 kuye kwayi-6. Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa izingcezu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhiphe abangaphansi futhi unqamule amabala amaqabunga aphezulu. Ukuze uzuze ukhula lwenqanaba, faka ingxube yenhlabathi yezithombo.
Ngokuzala, imbewu isetshenziswa kaningi. Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo noma iqoqwe ngokuzimela. Isigaba sokugcina senziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuba imbewu sesivuthiwe. Ukudalwa kuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-8. Amabhasi abakhethelwe ukuvuna ayabonakala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Uma umlimi eqondiswa yiyo yonke imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, imbewu izogcina ukukhula kwayo kuze kube yiminyaka engama-3-4.
Funda i-athikili ephathelene nokuzalela izilwanyana ezinhlanyayo ngembewu.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Uma kwenziwa amaphutha ngesikhathi sokutshala kwezilwane ezifuywayo, lesi sitshalo singase sihlushwa yizifo namagciwane.
| Ukugula | Izimpawu | Izici | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Inhlanganisela emhlophe ku-stems, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela. | Ukuswakama ngokweqile, ukuthambisa okungafanele, isimo sezulu esibi. | Ukususa izingxenye ezithintekile, ukutshala izihlahla ezihlwanyelwe kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela nge-fungicides. |
| Umlenze omnyama | Amabhinca amnyama namnyama. Kamuva, izihlahlana ziyoma. | Ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa, ukubeka amanzi. | Akukho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo. Ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwezifo, inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe njalo, ifafazwe ngomlotha nokhuni. Ukuthuthukisa umphumela onenzuzo, izitshalo ziphathwa ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate. |
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Ukujikeleza kwengxenye engezansi yamahlumela nesiqu. | Ukuwohloka okujwayelekile kwezithombo, ukupholisa okubukhali. | Ukufafaza ngeRidomil neNzuzo. Ukuvimbela kwenziwa nge-Whey kanye ne-garlic infusions. |
Amahlamvu aluhlaza kanye nama-corollas akhanyayo we-petunias zivame ukuheha izinambuzane.
| Inambuzane | Izimpawu | Izindlela zomzabalazo |
| I-Whitefly | Ukuwohloka okujwayelekile kwesitshalo, kuphuzi kwesisindo esiluhlaza. | Ukufafaza i-Actara. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Amakati axhonywe kuwebhu. | Ukwelashwa no-Apollo noNeoron. |
| Ama-aphid | I-Plaque ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesitshalo, ichitha ama-buds. Kusonteka amacembe, kushintsha imibala yabo. | Sebenzisa uFufanon no-Aktara. |
| Slug | Umaki omakwe amaqabunga, isiqu kanye namahlumela. | Ifafaza inhlabathi Sludge, superphosphate, lwesinaphi. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: ukuthi ungasindisa kanjani isihlahla se-petunia ebusika
Ingadi ayinconywa ukuba ishiywe emhlabathini ngenkathi ebandayo. Isitshalo sisuswa enhlabathini maphakathi no-Okthoba. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukususa zonke amahlumela. Imbiza ene-petunia etshaliwe ibekwa egumbini elipholile. Ukuchelela kufanele kube okungavamile futhi okulinganiselayo. Ukuzindla ngokweqile kuzodala ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande. NgoFebhuwari, iziqukathi kufanele zilethwe egumbini elifudumele. Ama-cuttings abangelwa angasetshenziselwa kamuva ukusakazeka.
Namuhla, le nzalo itshalwa njengamakhakhasi nezitshalo ezitshekelwe izitshalo. Ama-antifiks aphathekayo ahlala atshalwe ezakhiweni zomuntu siqu. Ukuthandwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kungenxa yokuhlobisa kwayo nokungathobeki. Izinzuzo ezingeziwe zifaka isikhathi sezimbali eside. UPetunia uvumelana kahle nezinye izitshalo zasengadini.
