I-Powdery mildew ngesinye sezifo eziningi ezithinta izimbali, izitshalo nemifino. Kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa nangokuthi ilineni noma i-ashtray, ngokubonakala kokuqhuma okumhlophe emaqabungeni.
Yini i-powdery hlobo kanye nemibandela yokubonakala kwayo
Lesi sifo sisikhunta, imbangela yokubonakala kwaso isikhunta se-erysiphous noma i-powdery hlobo, esibalelwa ezinhlotsheni ezingama-700. Ingxenye enkulu yezilimo itholakala kalula ezifweni, ngamaphesenti amancane kuphela amelana nayo. Okugula kakhulu amagilebhisi, ama-gooseberries kanye nama-roses. Okuphinde kuthintwe yi-Powdery isikhutha peach, i-beetroot, ithanga nezinhlamvu. Izimpawu zazo zonke izitshalo + ziyefana, kuyilapho amagciwane ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, uSphaerotheca mors-uvae uthanda ama-gooseberries kanye nama-currants amnyama, i-Blumeria graminis ihlasela okusanhlamvu, amagilebhisi we-Uncinula necator, kanye no-Erysiphe cichoracearum zucchini namakhukhamba.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala, esiphawuleka kakhulu ukuhlangana okumhlophe emaqabunga, ama-petioles, amahlumela amasha kanye nesiqu. Amaconsi omswakama angavela ngaphezulu.
Lesi sifo sinomthelela ekushwabeni kwesitshalo ngokushesha, ukwephulwa kwe-photosynthesis.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-powdery isikhutha, imifantu ifakwa emaqabungeni okungenela amanye amagciwane, okuholela ekuvuselelekeni kabusha.
Imvamisa, izitshalo zivezwa yileli gciwane ngesikhathi semvula ende, umswakama ophezulu, futhi ngenxa yamanani amaningi e-nitrogen emhlabathini.
Ukuchelela ngokungasebenzi kahle kungadala ukugula.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: imithetho ejwayelekile yokulwa ne-powdery hlobo
Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokuqala, kubalulekile ukususa izingcezwana zesitshalo. Ngemuva kokwelapha izihlahla ezinesifo kanye nenhlabathi ezungeze zazo ngesikhunta, lokhu kuzovikela ukuqhubeka kwesikhunta.
Endabeni yezifo zezitshalo ezifuywayo, ukwelashwa kuyafana nasemhlabathini ovulekile, ngaphandle kwesici esisodwa. Ngemuva kokususa izingxenye ezinegciwane, ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi kufanele lususwe esitsheni lapho isiko likhule khona, ngoba liqukethe ikoloni lokudla isikhunta. Endaweni yayo, uthele okusha futhi isivele iphathwa nge-fung fung, njengesitshalo uqobo.
Funda i-athikili ngokulawulwa kwe-Powdery isikhutha ezitshalweni zasendlini.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kufanele ulandele ngokucophelela imithetho yokunakekela imbali.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-powdery hlobo kanye ne-Downy hlobo
I-Powdery mildew ikhula ngaphezulu, njengoba lesi sifo sikhula, kuqala imboza uhlangothi olungaphandle, bese kuphela uhlangothi olungaphakathi (isikhunta lubukeka njengofulawa). Kushiya amaqabunga, kepha kuyaqabukela ukuwa. I-Downy mildew ihlala ikhula ukusuka ohlangothini olungaphakathi lwangaphakathi, isikhunta esimpunga siyabonakala kusuka ngezansi, futhi iplagi eliphuzi noma elinsundu elivela phezulu. Amaqabunga awomile, ayakhula, abe mnyama bese ayawa.
I-Powdery isikhutha emifino
Lesi sifo sihlasela nemifino, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, ikakhulukazi isikhunta esifana namabhungane namathanga.
Ukhukhamba
I-Powdery mildew kumakhukhamba iphathwa ngokufafaza ngezisombululo ze-fungicidal (Topaz, Oksikhom). Amakhambi ama-Folk nawo afanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, ilitha eli-1 le-kefir noma ubisi omuncu ebhakedeni lamanzi, kusetshenzwe kathathu kokuthathu. Ngokwengeziwe kulesixazululo, ungasebenzisa i-sulfur powder engxenyeni engama-30 g nge-10 m², i-colloidal 30 g ngebhakede lamanzi nayo iyafaneleka.
Phakathi kwezinye izindlela zokulawula: ukumnika i-mullein, ama-marigolds, izixazululo kumanzi e-potanganum permanganate, i-soda enensipho. Ungafunda kabanzi ngazo zonke izindlela, kufaka phakathi amakhambi abantu, kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Utamatisi
Utamatisi wegreenhouse uvame ukuthinteka. Ukuze uvikele amathuba wesifo, ukubulala amagciwane ngama-fungicides kuyadingeka.
Lesi sifo sivame ukuzibonakalisa esiteji sokutshala imbewu yezithombo, ngenkathi amaqabunga eqala ukoma emaphethelweni. Ukulwa akuhlukile kumakhukhamba.
UZucchini
Kudingeka izinyathelo ezingcono kakhulu. Susa wonke amaqabunga athelelekile bese ugaya ngokucophelela inhlabathi nxazonke. Emva kwalokho, fafaza le ndawo ngesisombululo se-ash ash noma ngamakhemikhali uKefalon, Karboran.
Isitshalo seqanda
Ungakuqeda ukutheleleka ngesixazululo sosawoti noma i-fungicides. Kuthatha amahlumela ama-4-5, kungadluli.
Umnsalo
Kuvame ukuthinteka kakhulu yi-Downy mildew (peronosporosis). Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, i-lesion iqala ngaphandle kwesisindo esiluhlaza, kuthi uma kungamanga, ngaphakathi.
Amanga athwalwa ngumoya, noma ngokusebenzisa imvula. Kodwa-ke, imibandela yokuthuthuka kwayo iyafana nalejwayelekile. Ngezifo, ungalwa nokubhujiswa kwezingxenye ezithintekile futhi ufafaze ngesisombululo se-soda noma i-sulfate yethusi, ngokufakwa kwensipho. Ungayilungisa kanjani eyokuqala: thatha amalitha ayi-10 amanzi ashisayo (ibhakede), engeza i-100 g lensipho yokuwasha, uyihlikihle kwi-grater, 2 tbsp. wezipuni of baking soda, isiyaluyalu. Fafaza amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku, isikhathi esingangesonto.
Peas
Amahlamvu neziqu zesiko kuyathinteka, kuhlangana umhlophe onebala elimhlophe ebusweni.
Lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha ezimweni sezulu ezishisayo kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela ziqukethe ukufika ngaphambili.
Esibonakaliso sokuqala sokunqotshwa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Energen kuyasebenza. I-1 m² yendawo ifafazwa nge-litre yesisombululo: Amaconsi ayisi-10 es Umuthi ngama-50 ml wamanzi. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaphinda futhi ngemuva kwesonto nesigamu.
Ithanga
Njeng peas, amaqabunga neziqu zingenwa yilesi sifo. Uma i-plaque emhlophe kwenzeka, susa izingxenye ezithintekile ngokushesha.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukufafazwa njalo nge-fungicides noma amakhambi abantu
Ukulawulwa kwe-Powdery isikhutha ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni
Ngokuvamile kuthinta ukukhula kwe-powdery kwezihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla.
I-Currant
Awukwazi ukungabaza ngempatho, ngoba engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo lonke ihlathi, futhi mhlawumbe nalawo aseduze, lizotheleleka.
Ukulwa ukususwa okufika ngesikhathi kwezingxenye ezithelelekile, kulandele ukufafazwa nge-fungicides. Ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu, kepha uma wazi zonke izici zesitshalo, uma kungenjalo ukukhula kwesinye isifo kungenzeka.
Ugqumugqumu
Isimo siyefana ncamashi nangabahlanganyeli. Njengezindlela zabantu, ukufafaza nge-kefir, umlotha wezinkuni nodongwe lwenkomo, kusetshenziswa umlotha we-soda. Phakathi kwamakhemikhali, iHaupsin ithandwa kakhulu.
Amagilebhisi
Isifo amagilebhisi atholakala kuso sibizwa ngokuthi yi-oidium, sisho nge-powdery hlobo. Izimpawu ziyafana ncamashí nesifo sokuqala, sikhula ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama.
Izici zokulwa nazo azifani. Ukususwa ngesikhathi kwamaqabunga athelelekile, ukwelashwa kwesikhunta. Ukumba inhlabathi ngokuphelele kuyanconywa.
Ama-Strawberry
Ukwehlulwa kwalesigaxa kuyabonakala emaphethelweni asontekile amaqabunga, athola isigaxa sethusi, ukuqubuka okumhlophe kanye nephunga likhunta kuvela.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokulima. Kunconywa futhi ukufafaza lesi sitshalo ngokumiswa kwesibabule se-colloidal (1% solution). Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali, noma ngemuva kokuvuna.
Uma ukuvimbela kungasizi, sebenzisa izidakamizwa, njengeFundazole, iTopaz.
Isihlahla se-Apple
Umehluko ovela kwezinye izitshalo ukuthi lapho utheleleka, umuthi we-apula awafi, kepha ulahlekelwa ngama-50% ekuvuneni, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka kwezithelo kuya ngokuwohloka. Umphumela omubi ukumelana okuncane nokushisa okuphansi.
Ukuze uqede lesi sifo, ikhambi elingcono kakhulu kungaba ukusebenzisa umlotha we-soda, okumele uhlanganiswe nensipho. Dissolve 50 amagremu kumalitha ama-2-3 amanzi, bese ufaka amalitha ayi-10 (ibhakede) bese ufaka i-10 g lensipho. Isalfa le-Colloidal (30 g ngebhakede lamanzi) nalo lilungile. Ukuvama - kathathu ngosuku zonke izinsuku ezingama-3-4.
I-Powdery isikhutha ezimbali zasengadini
Abamele okumangalisayo bengadi abaphunyukanga kule nkinga.
I-Phlox
Uma kutholakala izimpawu zalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga athintekayo ngaso. Ngokuhlulwa kanzima, bamba isihlahla sonke. Fafaza izitshalo eziseduze noma imbali ihlala nesisombululo se-colloidal sulfure (20-30 g ngebhakede lamanzi).
AmaRoses
Izimpawu ukugoqwa kwangaphambi kwamashidi, ukwakheka kwe-plaque ezwakalayo ezihlahleni.
Lesi sifo ngeke sivumele ama-roses ukuba akhule futhi, ekugcineni ayobabhubhisa. Uma kutholakala izimpawu, kubalulekile ukufafaza ngezisombululo esezivele zaziwa. Ngemininingwane ethe xaxa: i-Powdery isikhutha kuma-roses: izindlela zokuchaza kanye zokulawula
Njengendlela yokuvimbela, gcina inhlabathi ezungeze ama-rose ihlanzekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Akufanele kube nokhula.
UPetunia
Lesi sifo sicasisa ukwakheka kokubola, okunomthelela ekufeni kwimbali okungazelelwe. Izimpawu ziyefana - ukuqwayiza okumhlophe. Izindlela zomzabalazo - ukususwa kwezingxenye ezithelelekile, ukufafaza okusindile, ukugaya inhlabathi ngokuphelele.
Izidlakela
Le mbali isengozini enkulu yokuqhakaza lesi sifo.
Imbangela yokuvela kwesikhunta ivame ukuba yisibalo esikhulu se-nitrogen emhlabathini. Ukuqeda le nkinga, okokuqala kufanele uhlaziye ngokugcwele, bese wenza umanyolo ozinzisa okuqukethwe kwezinto ezahlukahlukene enhlabathini.
I-Powdery isikhutha ezitshalweni zasendlini
Izitshalo zasendlini zisengcupheni engaphansi kwalezo ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, kubo, kunzima ukunqoba ukugula. 
Ukudlwengula ku-powdery isikhutha
Lapho ukhomba izimpawu, okokuqala, kufanele ususe zonke izingxenye ezinegciwane, bese ufafaza abasindile. Ngemuva kokususa ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi ethangini, lapho kukhulu okungcono, isikhunta sikhona.
Beka okusha, okubulala magciwane kanye nokuvundiswa endaweni yokuhlanzwa.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, ukufakelwa okuphelele kwesitshalo komunye umhlabathi kuyodingeka uma ukugula sekukhule kakhulu.
Njengokuvimbela, kufanelekile ukunaka kakhulu ukunisela. Ukuthulula kuyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-powdery hlobo. Umoya omningi onamawele nokusebenzisa ngokweqile umanyolo weNitrogen nawo awemukeleki. Kodwa-ke, kuyacaca ukuthi zonke izitshalo azifani, ngakho vele ulandele izincomo zokukhulisa imbali yakho.
Downy isikhutha
Lolu uhlobo lwesifo. Kwenzeka kaningi kumifino.
Ukhukhamba
Imvamisa ukuziveza ngo-Agasti, lapho izinga lokushisa ebusuku lehla liye emazingeni aphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, amafomu we-condensation, nawo, angumugqa ofanele wokusakazwa kwezimpawu ezingafuneki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntuleka kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus enhlabathini nakho kungasibangela lesi sifo.
Umnsalo
Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zokulwa (iValentiy, i-Orion, iSputnik, iGrouse).
Lapho kuvela izibonakaliso zokuqala, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngokushesha umanyolo we-organic kanye nomanyolo osuselwa ku-nitrogen. Yehlisa ukuthambisa ukuze uvikele amathuba wokuphinda uzalwe. Futha ngo-1% we-Bordeaux fluid. Ungadla u-anyanisi ngezinsuku ezingama-20. Ngemuva kokuvuna, phatha inhlabathi ngama-fungicides.
Ukulwa ukususa okonakele kabi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-fungicides namakhambi abantu. Usizo olukhulu:
- imikhiqizo yobisi (ubisi omuncu, i-kefir, iyogathi) engxenyeni engu-1: 10 ngamanzi abandayo;
- ukwelashwa kwezinkuni zomlotha (50 g nge-1 sq. m) kanye ngesonto;
- utshani obilisiwe, uthele uhhafu wamabhakede wokhula ngamanzi ashisayo, ushiye izinsuku ezingama-2-3, ubunzima, usebenzise isifutho.
I-Downy isikhutha emifinoUjongilanga
Umenzeli we-causative yi-Plasmopara halstedii. Lesi sifo sithinta ukukhula, i-sunlighter lags ngemuva kohlelo lokuvuthwa, uhlelo lwezimpande luvimba ukukhula. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuholela ekufeni, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sisaqhakaza, kodwa sibi kakhulu.
Okokulwa usebenzisa isikhunta.
Amagilebhisi
Endabeni yamagilebhisi, konke kubi kakhulu. Uma unganaki izimpawu ezibuthakathaka ngesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesivini sonke. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-prophylaxis njalo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi azikho izimpawu.
AmaRoses
Ezimbali, lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokweqiniso ngosuku singadala ukulimala okungapheli. Njengama-ejenti asebenzayo, kunconywa izixazululo ezinjengeT Thanos, Previkur neRidomil.
Izitshalo zasendlini
Isibonakaliso ukuvela kwamabala aphuzi emaqabungeni, ukuncipha.
Ukugwema lokhu, imbewu kufanele iphathwe ngamanzi ngaphambi kokutshala. Njengokwelashwa, feza iseshini engu-5 yokufafaza ngesisombululo se-1% ye-Bordeaux fluid noma amalungiselelo we-fungicidal.
