ICatalpa - umuthi omuhle otholakala kwamanye amazwe, njenge China, Japan, North America, East India, ungowalolu hlobo lweBignonius.
Lesi sitshalo singolohlobo lokuhlobisa, okuhlobisa. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, umbala wamaqabunga awo aluhlaza okotshani, abantu abawubiza ngokuthi luhlaza njalo.
Incazelo yesihlahla seCatalpa
Ikhula ibe ngu-30 m, kuyilapho ubukhulu besiqu buhlukahluka kububanzi obuyi-15-25 cm. Izimbali ezisesimweni se-funnel zikhipha iphunga elimnandi. Umthunzi wamahlumela unokhilimu, kunezindawo ezincane ezimnyama.
Ama-inflorescences aqondile, ngesimo sephiramidi. Izithelo zomuthi zingakhula zibe ngama-40 cm ubude, zibe nesimo semidumba ekhethekile. Zivutha imbewu yesitshalo. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi. Kodwa-ke, izithelo zesihlahla zingele okungenani unyaka wonke, ukubanda akubathinti nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Izinhlobo zeCatalpa
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula ngohlu olubanzi lwamazwe lapho isimo sezulu sihluke ngokuphelele, sinezinhlobo eziningana nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, akukhona konke ukwahlukahluka okunokwenzeka okutshalwa, ngoba okuthandayo kunikezwa kumafilimu amahle kakhulu. Cabanga ngendlela ethandwa kakhulu, evikela isithwathwa, ekhula kahle kumzila ophakathi nendawo.
Lihle (lihle)
Isho kufanele izinhlobo eziphezulu kakhulu zesihlahla lesi. Ngobude, ingakhula ibe ngamamitha angama-30. Isiqu sibushelelezi futhi simanzi. Umqhele unesimo sephiramidi elibanzi, amagxolo awuhlobo lwepuleti elincanyana, elinombala ompunga.
Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aze afike ku-28 ° C. Amacembe esitshalo amahle, aluhlaza okotshani. Ngobude, zikhula zize zibe ngu-30 cm, ububanzi bufika ku-15 cm.Zigcina umbala wazo uziqine kakhulu. Ama-Buds akhula esihlahleni sombala omhlophe obucekeceke, kwezinye izindawo kunothotho onsomi. Banephunga elimnandi.
Okuvamile (bignoniform)
Umqhele ohlanganayo walolu hlobo ukhula ufike kuma-20 m ubude, uzungezwe ngesimo. Amagxolo luhlobo lophawu oluncanyana, olunombala onsundu okhanyayo.
Amaqabunga afana nama-lilacs, kepha akhulu kakhulu. Umbala oluhlaza okotshisiwe, ongafika ku-20 cm ubude, ufike ku-15 cm ububanzi.
Amahlumela walezi zinhlobonhlobo anikezwe ngombala omhlophe qhwa, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kwenzeka kube nezinhlamvu ezibomvu nezimdaka emaphayini. Banephunga elimnandi, bahlangana kuma-inflorescence. Izimbali ngokwazo zinga-30 cm ubude nama-20 cm ububanzi
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sezinsuku ezingama-20, siqala maphakathi noJulayi.
Izinhlobo:
- I-Aurea - umbala wegolide ohlukile wamahlamvu.
- I-Picta - ukuba khona kwamaqabunga ahlukahlukene.
- INana iyinhlobonhlobo encane, eyindilinga engenazimbali.
- Ukubamba - ngezimbali eziphindwe kabili.
- I-Kene - amaqabunga aphuzi angajwayelekile phakathi kwawo kukhona indawo emnyama ekhanyayo, lapho imithambo yemibala efanayo isuka khona.
I-Ovoid
Uhlobo olukhula kancane, lukhula cishe ngamamitha ayi-10, futhi esizeni noma engadini kuphela ngamamitha ayi-4. Umqhele ubanzi, ngesimo setende. Izimbali, njengasezinhlotsheni zangaphambili zombala, ziluhlaza okhanyayo ngombala onsomi. Isici amaqabunga esihlahla esinezinyathelo ezintathu, asihlukanisa nabanye.
Zinombala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, 30 cm ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Izithelo zinesimo semidumba, ubude obungu-45 cm.I-catalpa ebunjiwe ngamaqanda i-capricious ngokuya ngokushiya nokukhetha umhlabathi, futhi iyakuthanda ukukhanya kwelanga.
UFargoza
Ifunwa kakhulu kumazinga okushisa aphansi. Mhlawumbe sikhula eningizimu yeRussia. Izinhlobo zeSrednerosly, zifinyelela kubude bamamitha angama-20. Amaqabunga akhula esihlahleni ngesimo nesakhiwo sawo kulula, abe ne-hue emnyama, eluhlaza.
Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zikhula zipinki, kwesinye isikhathi zipinki. Ukubuka komgcini wegadi kudume kakhulu, ngenxa yokukhula okumaphakathi, ukubukeka okuhle kwezimbali nokubukeka okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liqhakaza kakhulu kunabalingani balo.
I-Hybrid
Yatholakala ngokuwela izinhlokomo ezijwayelekile nezi-ovoid. Kwavela ukubukeka okuhle kobusika. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kabanzi kumzila ophakathi nendawo. Itholakala phakathi kwezinhlobo zezihlahla ezimfishane nezincane.
Ukukhula okuphezulu kungamamitha ayi-16. Umqhele ukhula ngendlela yohlobo lwe-semi-sphere. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali ezikhulayo ziqoqana kuma-inflorescence. Kuyathokoziswa kakhulu endabeni yokwakha ukwakheka kokuma komhlaba kokuqala esizeni.
Ukutshala amaCatalpa emhlabathini ovulekile
Njengoba iCatalpa ingeyoluhlobo lwezihlahla zokuhlobisa, lokhu kusho ukuthi indlela ekhethekile iyadingeka endabeni yokulima. Isisekelo sokutshala siyefana nakwizitshalo eziningi. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha kahle inhlabathi efanelekile, efanelekile yesihlahla lesi. Ngokuvela kwamahlumela, sekudingekile ukwenza ukuthambisa okuhlala njalo, kuyadingeka amahlumela amasha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwembatho ehlukahlukene yokuhlobisa kanye nomanyolo akuvunyelwe, noma kunjalo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho phosphorus eningi kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwabo.
Zonke izithombo zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-2, zonyaka kanye neze-biennial. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakhathalekile ukuthi luhlobo luni, ukufika nendawo nokunakekelwa kuyafana. Ukutshala kumele kwenziwe ngqo entwasahlobo, nakho kungenziwa ekwindla, kepha kuphela ngemuva kwenqubo yokuwa kwamaqabunga.
Ukufakelwa indawo kudinga isayithi elingcweliswe kahle ngumthombo wokukhanya wemvelo, isb. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele ivikelwe ngokuthembekile emoyeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Catalpa ngokwemvelo yayo isitshalo esibuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi esiteji sokubumbeka kulula kakhulu ukusilimaza.
Lapho utshala izihlahla ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, noma eduze kwezinye izitshalo, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwazo okungenani amamitha ayi-4. Lokhu kuchazwa uthando lwe-seedling endaweni evulekile, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, lapho lukhula, luzosabalala kabanzi. Uhlelo lwezimpande nalo aluhambi phansi ngokuphelele, kepha seluleke kakhulu emhlabathini.
Ukwakheka komgodi wokufika kufanele kuqale ngokuqinisekisa ukujula okudingekayo, okungenani i-100 cm, ngenkathi ububanzi bawo kufanele bube okungenani amasentimitha angama-70. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukulungisa umxube okhethekile. Siqukethe i-humus, isihlabathi, i-peat, umhlaba wamahlamvu. Konke lokhu kufanele kuhlanganiswe nomlotha wezinkuni, vele ungeze nge-50 g ye-phosphate rock. Umxube obangelwa kufanele ubekwe emgodini osuvele ulungiselelwe.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kwalokhu, phansi impela, kuyadingeka ukwenza ungqimba okuthiwa yi-drainage, ukuqina kwawo kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-12 cm kuya ku-15 cm, kepha akungenzeki ukuthi kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-12 cm.
I-Drainage itshe elichotshoziwe, noma isitini sangaphambi kokuphuka sibe yizicucu ezincane. Ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba lwedamu selulungile, umgodi ugcwaliswa ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi. Futhi kuphela ngemuva kwalapho ukutshala kohlelo lwesitshalo kuqalile. Lapho-ke inhlabathi ichobozwa kancane, ihlanganiswe. Lapho uqeda lo msebenzi, kudingeka ukunisela yisithombo.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchelela, kubalulekile ukufaka umanyolo enhlabathini, i-peat ilungele le ndima.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Catalpa Engadini
ICatalpa yaziwa ngokuthanda kwayo umswakama.
Lapho ukhula lesi sihlahla esihle engadini, kubalulekile ukunisela okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngeviki. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi okungenani amabhakede amabili wamanzi adingekayo kwisitshalo ngasinye.
Kukhona umehluko kumvamisa wokunisela. Lokhu kufaka hlangana namafu, nesomvula. Uma imvula inela esifundeni, ukunisela kungancishiswa kube kathathu ngenyanga. Uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, isifunda siyomile, khona-ke isibalo sezikhathi zokunisela, kunalokho, sikhuphuka, kufinyelela ezikhathini ezi-2 ngesonto. Ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu, kuyilapho ungakhohlwa ukususa utshani obusavela.
Umuthi uphendula ngokwanele kumanyolo kanye nomanyolo ohlukahlukene, noma ngabe “nomdlandla” othile. Ukwengezwa kwezakhamzimba ezengeziwe enhlabathini kudinga ukwenziwa njalo. Kuyadingeka ukwakha uhlelo lokufaka isicelo somanyolo, ngenkathi isikhathi ngasinye kufanele silungiswe, futhi akufanele kube nesikhathi esiningi phakathi kwabo.
Isibonelo, ekwindla, isitshalo sidinga ukugqoka okuphezulu ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus. Ngasikhathi sinye, umanyolo oqukethe i-phosphorus kufanele uvikeleke ngalesi sikhathi.
Ukuze unikeze isitshalo ukubukeka okuhle futhi okuhle, kuyadingeka ukusinquma njalo. Intwasahlobo ilungele leli bhizinisi, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ama-buds ayengakabinaso isikhathi sokuzakha ngokuphelele nokuvuvukala. Ukuthena kuhilela ukususwa kwamagatsha alunywe yiqhwa, nawo omile, ayagula, futhi alimale (aphukile).
Amagatsha akhula ngokungemthetho nawo anconywa ukuba asuswe, ngoba onakalisa ukubukeka kwesitshalo ngokubanzi. Kusehlobo entwasahlobo lapho umqhele ubunjiwe, uwunika isimo esihle esidingekayo.
Izithombo ezincane azidingi nje ukuvikelwa umoya, kepha futhi nezindawo zokukhosela ebusika, ngisho nezinhlobo zokulwa nesithwathwa. Njengoba zikhula, izinhlobo zezindwangu ezinobusika obudingekayo azidingi lokhu.
Ukuzalanisa Catalpa
Ukutshala imbewu yezithombo kunconywa ukuba yenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, imbewu yesitshalo imunyiswe ngokuphelele amahora ayi-12 emanzini. Uma ukutshala kulindeleke ekwindla, khona-ke imbewu akufanele ifakwe emanzini.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhluma kwembewu:
- Ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili nenhlabathi edingekayo, zenza imifino eyinqayizivele lapho kuzosatshalaliswa khona imbewu.
- Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu imbozwe ngenhlabathi, emva kwalokho iyoniselwa, kodwa hhayi ngobuningi. Uma weqa, ungazibhubhisa.
- Ngemuva kokunisela, iziqukathi zivalwa ngocingo lwamapulasitiki, noma zimbozwe ngengilazi ukuze kwakheke umphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Iziqukathi zifakwa egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya liku-+22 ° C. Zonke izinsuku basusa indawo yokukhosela okwemizuzu eyi-10, ukuze isitshalo sithutshwe kancane.
- Ekamelweni elinezithombo, udinga ukunikeza ukukhanya okwanele, kepha kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi imisebe ye-UV eqondile ayitholi ezitshalweni, lokhu kuzothinta kabi amahlumela.
- Babheka futhi ukuchelela, bahlala bekukhiqiza njalo.
Ukufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile kwenzeka kuphela maphakathi noMeyi.
Ngaphezu kwembewu, lesi sitshalo singandiswa nangokusikwa. Izilimo zivunwa ngalezi zinhloso cishe inyanga ka-Agasti. Banqunywa okungenani ama-8 cm, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngezinso ezivuthiwe, eziphilayo. Ama-cutways atshalwa ngokushesha ku-substrate enesihlabathi ne-peat. Ngosizo lwamabhodlela epulasitiki bakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Ukunakekela ukusikwa kuyafana ncamashi nezithombo. Ukunisela ejwayelekile, nsuku zonke kudingeka ususe ibhodlela imizuzu engu-10, ukuze kufinyelele umoya wokungena kwezihluma. Ukufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa, njengezithombo, eduze nokuphela kukaMeyi.
Catalpa izinambuzane nezifo
Yize iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu, noma kunjalo sinokungavikeleki okuqinile, okukuvumela ukuthi kungadalulwa izifo ezivame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amandla wokugomela ahlala ngqo ekunakekelweni kwesitshalo esifanele. Uma unganaki noma yimaphi ama-nuances, khona-ke ngisho nesifo esithambile kunazo zonke singashaya kalula lesi sihlahla esihle. Futhi njengoba kwenzeka kaningi, kungenzeka zingaphathwa kanti ukuphela kwendlela ukususa isitshalo.
Ukuhlulwa okuyingozi kufaka izimpukane zepaniard. Lapho zivela, noma uma kukhona khona izinsolo zazo, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphathwe ngokushesha ngokushesha ngama-ejenti akhethekile alwa nezinambuzane. Imikhiqizo enjalo ithengiswa ngokukhululekile ezitolo zezingadi.
Inkinga eyingozi kakhulukazi i-cattery. Babeka izibungu ekhonkolweni somuthi, zona zona zilimaze kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo siqala ukubuna ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, asikho isisombululo sale nkinga; ukulimala kwezihlahla zesitshalo kusho ukufa. Kodwa-ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuvikela isihlahla, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela ezithile zokuthintela, ukwelapha njalo ngama-insecticides.
Akunakubungozi kangako kunezinambuzane zeCatalpa yisifo sokubuna kwe-verticillus. Izimpawu zalokhu kugula zinamaqabunga aphuzi, awayo. Kuphela isigaba sokuqala salesi sifo selashwa, ngoba, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile, njengeFundazole. Lapho lesi sifo sesivele sikhule ngokwanele, akunakwenzeka ukwelapha isitshalo, ukususwa ngokuphelele okuphelele kuzosiza.
Futhi, umuthi ungathintwa yi-powdery hlobo.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: ukusetshenziswa kwe-catalpa nezakhiwo eziwusizo
Njengazo zonke izitshalo, izimbali nezihlahla, iCatalpa inohlu lwayo lwezicelo. Isibonelo, sekuyisikhathi eside imbewu isetshenziselwa ukwakha uwoyela okhethekile. Kungokokuhlobo lokomiswa okusheshayo, uwoyela onjalo usetshenziswe kabanzi emidwebweni yezimboni, embonini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafuyi bezinyosi batshala lesi sihlahla, ngoba siyisitshalo soju. ICatalpa isetshenziswa kabanzi ukudala ukwakheka okungafani komhlaba, ukuhlelwa kwamapaki amadolobha nezigcawu, izindawo ezihlukile zomuntu.
Lesi sitshalo sathola ukusetshenziswa kwaso emithini yesintu. Izithako zokupholisa ezibanzi, ama-painkiller enziwa ngesisekelo samaqabunga kanye namagxolo alesihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ezenziwe ngesisekelo salesi sitshalo zinezakhiwo ze-antibacterial.
