Ngeshwa, iklabishi engavamile yaseSavoy ayithandwayo nabalimi bethu, ngoba abaningi bathambekele ekucabangeni ukuthi ukukhula kuyinkinga enzima nesikhathi esiningi. Ingabe ngempela, sizokhuluma kule ngxenye.
Isici nokuhlukaniswa kweklabishi ye-savoy
I-Savoy iklabishi (i-Brassica oleracea convar, i-Capitata var. Sabauda), kanye nomzala wayo omhlophe, livela ezinhlobonhlobo zasendle ezivela eNtshonalanga Yurophu nasezindaweni zaseNyakatho Afrika. Iyalinywa ngokujulile eYurophu, futhi ayitholakali isendaweni ye-post-Soviet, futhi ikakhulukazi e-kottages ehlobo kuphela.
I-Savoy iklabishi ibhebhethi eningi futhi ikhalori engaphezulu kuneklabishi emhlophe. Inhloko iklabishi isetshenziselwa ukudla, equkethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo:
- izakhi ezomile - 7-14%;
- ushukela - 2-7%;
- iphrotheni engcolile - 2-4%;
- amaminerali amaminerali - 0.84%;
- I-Vitamin C - 20-90 mg.
Uyazi? Iklabishi yaseSavoy ibaluleke kakhulu kunezimfanelo zayo zokudla kuneklabishi emhlophe.
Iklabishi ekhula nge-savoy ngokusebenzisa izithombo
Ngokuvamile, ayikho imithetho ehlukile yokwakhiwa iklabishi yaseSavoy ku-dacha - ubuchwepheshe bezolimo kufana nokukhula klabishi omhlophe. Ngokuvame ukutshala ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Uma izithombo zinamandla futhi ziphilile, ungalindela isivuno esihle.
Lapho ukuhlwanyela phezu izithombo
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela sinqunywa yizinhlobonhlobo zeklabishi. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zitshalwe eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili kaMashi, phakathi kokuvuthwa - kusukela maphakathi no-Mashi kuya maphakathi no-Ephreli, ngasekuseni - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Izici zomoya zibuye zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi kutshalwa izithombo. Kulokhu ngokuqondile kuxhomeke esikhathini sokutshala izithombo emibhedeni. Njengomthetho, le nkathi yizinsuku ezingu-30-50.
Umhlabathi wezithombo ezikhulayo
Ukuze isivuno seklabishi saseSavoy sibe sihle, i-biology yayo kufanele icatshangelwe. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo iklabishi luhluke ekumeni okubandayo futhi oluthandayo, lubekezelela umswakama kahle, noma kunjalo, lwenza izidingo ezikhethekile emhlabathini.
Ukuze iklabishi ye-savoy ensimini ikwazi ukukhululeka, umhlabathi wokutshala kufanele ube buthakathaka, kodwa hhayi okhululekile kakhulu. Ingxenye eyinhloko yomhlabathi - i-peat - kufanele ibe khona ngobuningi (okungenani 80%). 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukungeza enhlabathini yomhlabathi (cishe u-5%) nomhlaba we-sod (20%). Ukuze uthuthukise izinga lezithombo bese uqinisekisa ukuzala okuhle, umquba (humus ingxube) ungeze emhlabathini. Kuwo wonke ama-kilogram enhlanganisela yenhlabathi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza i-spoonful of ash - iyoba umanyolo nokuvikelwa emlenzeni omnyama.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukuthatha umhlaba izithombo kusuka kusayithi - kungase kube nezinambuzane kanye nezifo ezingaphazamisa izithombo ezincane.
Ukwenza ukwelashwa kwembewu
Ukuze unqede imishanguzo yeklabishi ye-savoy, ifakwe emanzini ashisayo (50 ºC) ihora le-1/3, bese kuthi emanzini abandayo amaminithi amabili. Emva kwalokhu, amasampula enzalo ayomile. Le nqubo izovumela imbewu ukuba ikhule ngokushesha.
Uma imbewu ithengwa kumthengisi onokwethenjelwa, inqubo enjalo ayidingekile ukufeza - ukwelashwa cishe sekuvele kwenziwe. 
Ukuze ukwandise ukuqina kwesithwathwa sesitshalo, ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu yeklabishi yeSavoy ngezinkampani ngosuku, zixubene emanzini ngokushisa kwe-+2 ºC. Ukuhluma kwembewu enjalo kuqhubeka iminyaka emithathu.
Kubalulekile! Umbala okhethekile wezinhlamvu ezithengiswa ezitolo, uthi ziye zathola inkambo yokulungiselela ukutshala.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uma ulungisa kahle inhlabathi nembewu, umphumela wokutshala uzoba mnandi. Noma kunjalo, lo mbono awulungile. Kuyadingeka ukuba usondele ekuhlwanyeleni ngokungathí sina, ngoba kuncike ekutheni iklabishi ye-savoy ikude kangakanani iyohambisana nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo.
Imbewu yeklabishi ye-savoy kufanele itshalwe ngezigaba ezintathu ngokuhlukana kwezinsuku ezingu-4. Imbewu itshalwe ezitsheni noma izinkomishi ezilodwa kuya ku-1 cm ejulile.
Ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlwanyela umhlaba kuphuziswa kakhulu kuze kube sekukhuleni kwezithombo Lapho nje izithombo zifika, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise.
Izimo nokunakekela izitshalo
Izithombo ezikhulile kahle - isihluthulelo sokuvuna okuhle esikhathini esizayo. Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela okuqala avele (cishe ezinsukwini ezingu-5 kamuva), ayenqanyuliwe ukuze ibanga phakathi kwabo libe ngu-2 cm.
Isihluthulelo sezithombo ezinamandla ukukhanya okulungile. Usuku olukhanyayo lwezithombo kufanele libe ngamahora angu-14-15. Okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba kufika isikhathi sokudlula phansi iklabishi yeSavoy, izithombo kudingeka zihlelwe ukukhanyisa. Ngalokhu ungasebenzisa isibani elula se-fluorescent. 
Namanzi izithombo kufanele zihlale njalo futhi zibe izingxenye ezincane, zinike isikhathi esinqunyiwe sokumisa. Ukushisa kwamanzi okuchelela kufanele kube ama-degree angama-2-3 ngaphezulu kunezinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi. Akunakwenzeka ukugcoba noma ukukhukhula emhlabathini - inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi. Ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye, umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke kancane ukuze amanzi angahlali.
Kubalulekile! Ukuguquka kwesisu kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo kanye nokubola kwempande.Ikamelo lokushisa elisezingeni elihle kuze kube sekubonakala izithombo zeklabishi yaseSavoy yi-18-20 ºC. Ngemva kokuvela amahlumela, umbuso wokushisa kufanele ushintshwe: + 15-16 ºC emini no-8-10 ºC ebusuku. Umehluko onjalo lokushisa uyokhipha eceleni izitshalo, kuzokuvumela ukuba lukhuni izitshalo zeklabishi yaseSavoy futhi lula ukutshala emibhedeni nokuzinakekela esikhathini esizayo.
Njengamasiko amaningi, amahlumela weklabishi ye-savoy adinga ukudla. Yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ngemuva kokukhetha - kanye ngesonto. I-ammonium nitrate (2 g), umanyolo we-potash kanye ne-superphosphate (4 g) echithwa ilitha lamanzi asetshenziswa.
Lesi sabelo sanele izithombo ezingu-50-70. - 2 amasonto emva kokukhethwa. Izakhi zithathwa ngokufanayo, kuphela ukuhlushwa kwazo okukhuphuka izikhathi ezimbili.
- Izinsuku ezingu-2-4 ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ama-potassium (8 g), i-superphosphate (4-5 g), i-ammonium nitrate (i-3 g), ihlanjululwe ku-litre amanzi.
Lesi sabelo sanele izithombo ezingu-50-70.Kubalulekile! Ukuze ugweme ukushisa, inhlabathi kufanele iphuze ngaphambi kokufaka umquba.Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuqina kwezimbewu. Kuze kube sekupheleni, izinsuku ezingu-8-10 ngaphambi kokutshala kusayithi, kubalulekile ukufeza imisebenzi enjalo:
- ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala kukwanele amahora angu-3-5 ukuvula iwindi ekamelweni lapho kuhlwanyelwa khona izithombo;
- Izinsuku ezimbalwa udinga ukwenza izithombo emgwaqweni, zimboze nge-gauze ukusuka elangeni eliqondile;
- ngosuku lwama-5 kuya ku-6, imvamisa yokuphuza kufanele iyancishiswa, kodwa ingavunyelwe ukumelela inhlabathi, futhi ibeke izithombo ngaphandle kwesikhatsi ngaphambi kokutshala.
I-Pot Pot Dive
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-8, lapho izithombo zikhula futhi ziba namandla, kufanele zihanjiswe futhi zihlelwe emakhasethi athatha ibanga lika-3 cm komunye nomunye. Gxilisa izithombo kuma-cotyledons. 
Izithombo ezinhle kufanele zingabi namaqabunga angaphezu kwamahlanu. Ukungatholakali, ngaphandle kwezinso eziphezulu kanye nezitshalo eziphethwe yi-fungus ziphonswa lapho zikhethwa.
Ngemva kwamanye amaviki amabili, izithombo kufanele zifakelwe zibe yiziqukathi ezihlukene (izinkomishi) ezitholwa ngaphambi kokutholwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ungasebenzisa esinye isidakamizwa esizosiza ukuvikela izithombo ezifweni zefungal.
Uyazi? Ungakwazi ukukhulisa izithombo ngaphandle kwamaqoqo. Kulesi simo, imbewu isetshenziselwa ngokushesha ezinkomishi noma ezimbizeni ezincane.
Ukutshala izithombo zeklabishi yaseSavoy emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo ezikhulile kahle akuzona zonke okudingayo ukwazi ngokutshala iklabishi ye-savoy. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kufanele ucabangele imithetho yokulima kwayo ensimini.
Lapho ukutshala izithombo kulesi sakhiwo
Iklabishi yeSavoy itshalwe emibhedeni ngoMeyi (inikezwe ngezimo zezulu, lesi sikhathi singashintshwa). Ukuze ukufakelwa kabusha kukhethe ukushisa noma kusihlwa.
Izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala emibhedeni kufanele zibe ngu-15-20 cm ukuphakama, okuluhlaza okomnyama, zinezimpande ezithuthukile kahle, hhayi ezomile neziqu ezingu-4-7.
Indawo yeklabishi ye-savoy
Ukukhetha indawo efanele yokuhlakulela iklabishi ye-savoy hhayi nje kwenza kube lula ukunakekela, kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esihle.
Izithombo zingcono kakhulu ezitshalwe ezindaweni lapho okusanhlamvu noma izitshalo zanda khona. Izitshalo zikhula kahle emhlabathini lapho ukhukhamba, anyanisi, amazambane, ubhontshisi kanye utamatisi zikhula. Awukwazi ukukhula iklabishi yeSavoy ngokushesha emva kwe-turnips, i-radishes, i-turnips, i-radishes, i-rutabaga, i-cress.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukuhlakulela iklabishi yeSavoy endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili elandelanayo.Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu yalesi sitshalo yilokho okukwazi ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside (loamy, sandy, neutral, sod-podzolic). Akufanelekile ukutshala umhlaba ngobuningi bokuqukethwe ngobumba.
Indawo lapho iklabishi eyokhula khona kufanele ivuleke kahle futhi ivuleke.
Inhlabathi yokutshala ilungiswa ekwindla: bayalima ngokujulile futhi bathule imvelo (umquba, umanyolo) kanye namaminerali (superphosphate, potassium chloride). Entwasahlobo, umhlaba udliwe nge-ammonium nitrate ukwakha ikhanda eligcwele phezu kweklabishi.
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi ethandekayo yeklabishi ye-savoy kufanele ibe yi-asidi ebuthakathaka (5-5,8 pH). Ukuze unciphise i-acidity, i-lime yanezelwa emhlabathini njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4.
Inqubo nokuhlelwa kwe-scheme
Indawo okuhloswe ngayo ukutshala izithombo kufanele ifafazwe ngenhlabathi eyomile noma umquba ophilayo (ukhula oqoshiwe). Zizosiza umswakama uhlale phansi, unikeze iklabishi izakhi, uvikele emanzini kanye nokwakhiwa kwamagundane omhlaba.
Emithonjeni yokutshala izithombo kumele yenziwe ebangeni elingama-40 cm komunye nomunye. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ngendlela evelele - lokhu kunikeza isikhala esiningi.
Ukujula komgodi kufanele kufane nokuphakama kwekhabe noma izindonga zesitsha lapho izithombo zikhula khona. Cishe ilitha lamanzi alithululela kuwo futhi izithombo zitshalwe. Ngezansi zezithombo zamapheshana ezifafazwe ngenhlabathi.
Ekuqaleni, iklabishi encane kufanele ivikelwe elangeni (pritenyat).
Ukunakekela nokulima iklabishi ye-savoy
Iklabishi ekhulayo iSavoy ngeke ibangele izinkinga uma ukhumbule ukuthi isitshalo esinjalo sithanda umswakama, sikhulule inhlabathi, isondlo, ukukhanya kanye nendawo.
Ukunisela, ukuphumula, ukukhulula nokukhuphuka
I-Savoy iklabishi iyakuthanda ukuchelela, kodwa ama-slugs nawo athande umswakama. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukunisela lo mvuno ekupheleni kwenkathi ekhulayo.
Emva kokuphuma, ukuchelela ngokufafaza noma hhayi phezulu kunconywa. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe kuphela empandeni. Ingress of umswakama kuya inflorescences kungabangela bacteriosis mucous, kanti isivuno izolahleka.
Phakathi nenkathi eyomile, kuyadingeka ukuvuselela umoya ngokufafaza iklabishi (njalo imizuzu engu-15 phakathi namahora ashisayo).
Ungakhohlwa ngokukhululeka lapho unakekela iklabishi yeSavoy - le nqubo ivumela umoya-mpilo ukuba ufinyelele kangcono izimpande. Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwezimpande ze-lateral kufanele kube njalo ukuhamba. Futhi ukukhula okuhle udinga ukuhlanza indawo kusuka kokhula.
Uyazi? Kukhona isaga: iklabishi idinga amanzi nesimo sezulu esihle.
Umanyolo
Ukuze kuvune, okungaziqhayisa kubangani, isiko kumele sondliwe. Izinto eziphilayo (umquba, umquba, i-humus) zisetshenziselwa ukugqoka phezulu iklabishi ye-savoy. Ngokuvame ukukhulelwa ngamapulangwe.
Isondlo esenziwe phakathi nonyaka:
- Ngesikhathi sokufika. Khona-ke emthonjeni faka isipuni se-ash kanye ne-urea.
- 2 amasonto emva kokutshala izithombo emibhedeni. Uma ukuhlwanyela kwenziwe ngokushesha ngezinhlamvu, ukugqoka okuphezulu kungcono emva kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziselwa i-mullein ne-urea, ehlanjululwa emanzini (0.5 amalitha we-mullein ne-1 i-spoon ye-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi).
- Izinsuku ezingu-12 emva kokudla kokugcina. Njengoba umanyolo usebenzisa 2 tbsp. izinkezo ze nitroammofoski (NPK), zihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Amakhemikhali e-nitrogenous enhlabathini ayithinta ngokuqondile iklabishi ukukhula, esiza ukuthola inqwaba yemifino nokuma ikhanda. Ngokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen kusho amaqabunga aphansi aphuzi, okufa ngenxa yalokho. Uma ungenzi umanyolo ngesikhathi, ungakhohlwa ngokuvuna. Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kuthinta umbala wamaqabunga, futhi aqala ukoma emaphethelweni. Ukuntuleka kwePotassium kugcwele amakhomikhali e-potash eyongezwe ekunisela.Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukunqoba iklabishi yeSavoy nge-phosphate fertilizer - ivuselela izimbali zakuqala.
Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzane
Yiqiniso, izifo nezinambuzane (izibungu, amafosholo, iklabishi fly, i-fleas, ama-aphid) azibandakanyi ekuvuneni okuhle, ngakho kufanele uhlole njalo iklabishi yeSavoy ngokubukeka kwazo futhi ngokushesha uthathe izinyathelo zokuqeda.
Amalungiselelo amakhemikhali iklabishi ayinconywa - Kungcono ukupheka ubuthi ngokwakho, usebenzisa izindlela eziseduze.
Into eyingozi kunazo zonke iklabishi ye-savoy iyisela kakhulu, eyenza isifo esinjenge "umlenze omnyama". Ukuze ukwelashwa, ungafaka isisombululo somhlabathi "Fundazola."
Ukuhlanza nokugcina iklabishi ye-savoy
Ukuvuna kokuqala kwezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala kungavuna ngoJuni, kanti phakathi nonyaka-ngo-Agasti. Uma iklabishi ye-savoy isetshenziselwe ukugcinwa ebusika, isivuno sayo sivunwa ngaphambi kweqhwa. Ngakho isitoreji esingcono sihlinzekwa. I-Savoy iklabishi igcinwa kancane kakhulu kuneklabishi omhlophe, ngakho kufanele igcinwe emashalofini noma emabhokisini, ihlelwe ngomugqa owodwa. Ukwandisa impilo yeshalofu, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa kwe--1-3 ° C.
Njengoba ubona, ukutshala iklabishi ye-savoy akuyona inqubo enzima. Vele uzijwayele ngezici zesitshalo, uhlakulele kahle izithombo bese ukhiqiza ukunakekelwa njalo.
