Ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza

I-Phacelia - i-siderat eyingqayizivele

I-Phacelia ingeyomndeni wamanzi aqhutshwayo (i-hydrophilic) futhi iyisitshalo sonyaka nese-single-cutter. I-Phacelia ibhekwa njengamanzi omquba omnandi, kanye nefodder ehle kakhulu kanye nobunikazi bezinyosi.

I-Phacelia ifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ngenxa yokukhula kwayo okusheshayo, okwenza kube khona umthamo omkhulu obuluhlaza. Njengoba amahlamvu athambile we phacelia kunokuba aphule ngokushesha, asebenza njengomanyolo omuhle kakhulu we-nitrogen enhlabathini.

Incazelo yezitshalo

Inhloso eyinhloko ye-phacelia ngumanyolo. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye enkulu, isetshenziselwa umquba ohlaza, okungukuthi, isitshalo somsebenzi oyinhloko wokuba umanyolo wenhlabathi, ukulimala ezinye izitshalo eziluhlaza.

Ngemva kokuqhekeka emhlabathini, yonke i-biomass ye-phacelia iguqulwa ibe umanyolo we-digestible kalula, futhi inhlabathi ngokwayo igcwele i-humus nezindaba eziphilayo. I-phacelia yenyanga nehafu izuzwa cishe Amakhilogremu angu-300 obukhulu obuhlaza okwenziwa yizingxenye eziyikhulu, okulingana nokumuncwa kwenhlabathi, okwenza kube yi-300 kilograms yomquba. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, ngesikhathi esisodwa sehlobo ungathola ukujikeleza kwezitshalo ezingaba ngu-4 endaweni eyodwa.

Yilokho okungahambisani nesikhathi esithile esizimele esizini sesimo sezulu (kanti isikhathi esihle kakhulu yisikhathi emva kokuvuna), ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ezinye umquba nomquba, ukudala isakhiwo esihle kakhulu esivumelwaneni somhlabathi, ngenxa yokuthi ungathola isivuno esiphakeme eminyakeni emine ezayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izithasiselo ezihlangene namanyolo.

Ngaphandle komsebenzi wokufaka umquba we-phacelia, isetshenziselwa isitshalo sefolda yezilwane zasemapulazini, futhi ngezimfanelo zayo eziphakeme zokudla okunomsoco ishintsha ngokuphelele futhi ifinyelele nezinye izingxube zezinhlamvu. Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lezakhi kanye nezakhi zomzimba ngokwawo, lesi sitshalo sinomthelela omuhle kakhulu empilweni yezilwane ngokujwayelekile: bayagula kancane futhi bavame ukuzuza isisindo ngokushesha.

Njengoba i-phacelia iyisitshalo esincibilikisayo, impova enhle nobuningi bezitshalo zifaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izithelo nezitshalo. Iheha izinyosi ngezimbali zayo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zikhiqize ihektha elilodwa kuya kumahektha angu-300 uju, futhi ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu isivuno singafinyelela ithani elilodwa.

Uma siqhathanisa i-phacelia namanye amasiko, khona-ke: i-buckwheat inikeza ngamakhilogremu angu-70 kusuka ku-hektha elilodwa, futhi isardard emhlophe ibe ngamakhilogremu ayi-100 uju. Izinyosi "zisebenza" nge-phacelia ngisho nasezikhathini ezingezona zokuqoqwa - kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, kusukela ekuseni kuze kuhlwe.

Izintandokazi

Ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo ezivela ekuqhekekeni kwephacelia (umquba omuhle kakhulu emhlabeni), ukuhlwanyela kwalesi sitshalo emhlabathini othile kuletha izinzuzo eziningi.

I-Phacelia inehlelo lwempande elihle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, impande yawo ihamba kakhulu emhlabeni kuze kube ngu-20 cm phezu kwenkathi yonke yentuthuko yobuningi obuhlaza. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi ikhululiwe ngokuhlelekile. Yonke inhlabathi enzima, njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ubumba, bukhululekile futhi bukhanya, bugcwele umoya. Lokhu, futhi, kunomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ukuvuthwa kwezithelo zabo, izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye namajikijolo.

Ngemuva kwebusika, i-phacelia ihlala ivikela umhlabathi ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi nomoya, iqoqa umswakama futhi ixwayise ngokumelene nesomiso.

Phacelia kungakhula ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zenhlabathi, njengoba ilungiselela yona futhi kuthuthukise, kuyo yonke imiqondo,. Ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi yakha inqwaba enkulu eluhlaza. Ukuhlukahluka emhlabathini kuchazwa ukungahloniphi kwesitshalo; kungakhula kokubili kumhlabathi ompofu nasemhlabathini. Ihluma ngaphakathi kwamasonto ama-5-6 emva kokuhlwanyela. Phacelia - omuhle kakhulu uju plant.

It has amaqabunga amancane amancane kanye neziqu, okusheshayo ukubola futhi bakhonze njengomanyolo omuhle kakhulu nitrogenous.

I-phacelia ukumelana okubandayo - ekwindla, kungaba nokubekezelela ngokuphephile amaqhwa kuze kufike ku -10 ° C, ngakho-ke kudinga ukuhlwanyelwa cishe masinyane emva kweqhwa eliqhakazile bese inhlabathi ihluma.

Phacelia - i-phytodoctor enhle kakhulu. I-siderat engcono kunazo zonke, okuyi-agent yokuphulukisa yemvelo yenhlabathi nemvelo. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-phacelia zihlanganisa:

  • I-scavenger yemhlabathi, njengoba ishintsha izinga le-acidity, okwenza inhlabathi ingathathi hlangothi. Futhi lokhu, akugcini nje kukuvumela ukuba ukhule inamba enkulu yezitshalo ezahlukene endaweni ethile, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuqeda ukhula oluhlukahlukene "olunamakhulu eminyaka," olukhula ikakhulukazi enhlabathini enomsoco.
  • I-Nectar, ekhona ngobuningi obukhulu e-phacelia, iheha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-entomophages, ezibhubhisa ngokuphelele izinambuzane: i-pinworm, i-leafworm, i-beetle ye-apula, njll.
  • Ama-nematode we-locust, ama-wireworms ashiya imibhede, njengoba ukusondelana ne-phacelia kungamjabulisi kubo.
  • Ixwayisa izitshalo ngokuqala kokugula kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
  • Uma kuhlanganiswe nobhontshisi ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, i-phacelia inciphisa kakhulu inani le-nodule weevils, i-aphid, i-pea weevil, njll.

Ukungalungi

Azikho amaphutha okusobala ku-phacelia, kodwa kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela inqubo yokuchithwa kwezinsalela zezitshalo.

Inqubo yokwehla nokuhlanjululwa kwenzeka kuphela uma kunesisindo esanele somswakama emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, umquba ohlaza uyosebenza ngaphandle kokunisela okungeziwe kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele ukubola.

Izici zokukhula

Ukuyingqayizivele kwe-phacelia yukuthi kungaba yisandulela cishe noma iyiphi imasiko yemifino. Iyakwazi ukukhula ezindaweni zokulima, "ngenkathi isinika isivuno esihle kakhulu eqhweni kuya eqhweni. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlwanyela ngaphambi kobusika, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ungahlwanyela izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezine ngezikhathi ezithile, njengoba iphacelia inenkathi ekhulayo emfushane.

Awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngokukhula kwephacelia inhlanganisela nezinye izitshalo zokukhula okusheshayo, njengoba kugijima ezingeni elifanayo njengokukhula okujwayelekile kwesitshalo. Futhi inhlanganisela ye-phacelia enezinambuzane, inikeza isivuno esikhulu semithi nezakhi.

Ngaphansi koqweqwe lwe-phacelia, izithombo zeklabishi, utamatisi namakhukhamba zingatshalwa, njengoba zizoqala izimpande futhi zifinyelele ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuleni kwenzalo efanayo ekhula embhedeni ongenalutho. Ibuye isetshenziswe kahle njenge-mulch phakathi kwemigqa yamazambane. Ukuzilimaza akuveli emasikweni alandelayo ngemuva kokuqedwa.

Ukutshala i-phacelia, kuyokwanela ukukhulula umhlabathi nomlimi noma umsiki wensiza. Lena indlela enhle yokuhlakulela umhlaba, okuthuthukisa izinga lokuzala inhlabathi nokugcina amandla omlimi. Umanyolo we-Organic ungasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo sokuvunwa okuthuthukisiwe. Optim-Humus, kanye namalungiselelo ezinsizakalo ezisebenza kahle emhlabeni.

Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, uPacelia akazithobeki futhi ukhula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zehlabathi nezihlabathi. Uma ufuna ukuthola imiphumela emihle kanye nezitshalo ze-phacelia kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti. Ukwahlukaniswa kwemigqa kufanele kube yi-12-14 cm, futhi ukujula ukuhlwanyela kufanele kube kusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-3 cm. 120 g ngamakhilomitha angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye uzobhekwa njengezinga lokutshala.

Kusukela lesi sitshalo singabandeki, singakwazi ukumelana nenyoka ebandayo kuya ku -10 ° C.

Ngaphandle kwezimfanelo zayo ezibandayo ezibandayo, i-phacelia nayo isitshalo esingamelana nesomiso. Ngakho-ke, umswakama awudlali indima ekhethekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo. Noma kunjalo, njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo, kuyisifiso sokunikeza umswakama okwanele wokuthuthukiswa okungcono kanye nokuphumelela okungazelelwe kwesigaba sokugcina sokukhula.

Konke okulula kwesitshalo ngenxa yokwazi ukukhula phacelia ezindaweni ezahlukene ezikhanyisiwe. Kungumthunzi-ukubekezela, ngakho-ke kukhula kahle ngisho nokungazi ukukhanya ngaphansi komkhumbi wezihlahla.

Emva kwenkathi enkulu kanye nokuvuna ngokwayo, kubalulekile ukuqala ukuhlanza "emva kwesitshalo". Iqala esigabeni sokuqhafaza, okungaba amasonto angaba ngu-7-8 kusukela ekuhlwanyelweni kokuqala.

Ukuhlanza kuphelile ekuqaleni kokuhluma kwesitshalo, ngoba inani lezakhi nezakhi zomzimba lizokwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukusika i-phacelia nomlimi noma umqambi we-Fokin, kuyadingeka ukuyiwazisa kusengaphambili ngesisombululo sama-EM amalungiselelo.

Ukwelapha i-phacelia ngamalungiselelo anjalo kuzothuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo inqubo yokuvuthwa kakade futhi kudala izimo ezincane zokuphila ezincane, okuzoholela ekuthuthukiseni inhlabathi ngezakhi ezinezakhi kanye nezinsizakalo eziningana ezizuzisayo.