I-Gladioli yizimbali ezinhle futhi ezinhle. Ukuze uzikhulise kusayithi lakho, udinga ukwazi ezinye izindlela zokunakekela izitshalo, kanye namasu asetshenziselwa ukutshala. Uma ungenalo isakhiwo sakho, i-gladiolus ingakhula ekhaya.
Indlela yokulungisa ama-ukutshala
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-gladiolus, udinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela isibani sitshalo. Ukutshala kahle kwe-gladioli kuvame ukuxhomeke ekusebenzeni lokhu ngokucophelela amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokufika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlanza i-bulb kusukela kumgodla wokugaya.
Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukunquma i-gladiolus. Hlola ngokucophelela ama-bulb. Uma ubona amabala, kusho ukuthi utheleleke ngama-bacteria futhi kufanele aphathwe. Kubalulekile ukusika izindawo ezishaywe ngommese okhaliphile, zimboze ngezolimo futhi zivumele ukuba zome kuze kube yilapho zakha umthamo. Kungcono ukulahla i-bulb uma kunomonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa, noma ubunile ngokuphelele.
Kuyadingeka ukuba uzame ngokucophelela ukususa ifilimu lesikhumba emgodini bese uhlela izitshalo emgqeni owodwa eziqukathi ezinjengezintambo. Shiya izinsuku ezingu-18 ngaphambi kokutshala i-gladioli ekamelweni lokushisa. Uma lesi sitshalo sigcinwe ngaphambili endaweni epholile, lokhu lokushisa kuzokuvumela ukuba ivuke ngokushesha.
Uyazi? Ngokusho komlando, i-gladiolus inegama layo kusuka ekulwa.
Ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ungakwazi ukuqhubeka ngokuphepha ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwezitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlela i-potassium permanganate emanzini bese ugoba ama-bulb kule nkinga ngamaminithi angu-30. Ngemuva kwaloko, faka uhlaka lwekotini esitsheni esiphezulu, esasiswakanyiswe ngaphambili ngamanzi. Beka ama-alba lapho ngezinsuku ezingu-3. Njengoba amanzi emile, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uboya uboya bekotton futhi. Uma ngalesi sikhathi ubonile ukubukeka kwezimpande, lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-gladioluses amahle asekulungele ukufika emhlabathini.
Imithetho yokutshala ama-gladiolus amabala emhlabathini ovulekile
Kukhona imithetho ethile yokutshala i-gladioli emhlabathini ovulekile.
Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo zidinga ukungafani nesayizi, ukulahla izicucu ezibolile nezigulayo. Ama-bulb amakhulu, kungcono ukuhlwanyela ngokwehlukana, ngoba emva kwalokho imbali eqinile izokhula kubo, okuzokwenza kube khona "izihlobo" ezincane, ngaleyo ndlela zilahlwe kuzo zonke izakhi.
Uyazi? Ama-processed and cleaned amaqanda azothatha izakhi eziningi ngaphezu kwalabo abalahlekelwe wona..
Ngemuva kwe-pereberete, susa isikali esomile ngendlela yokuthi ungalimazi umzimba we-bulb namahlumela amancane.
Isikhathi esihle sokufika
Ukutshala kwenziwa entwasahlobo, kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya kumashumi ayishumi okuqala kaMeyi. Kule nkathi lapho inhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-12 cm iqhuma ku-10 ° C. Uma umhlaba ungakafiki, kungcono ukulinda ukushisa okungcono. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukukwenza ngezilimo eziyizigaxa zase-spring gladioli:
- Uma utshala isitshalo ekuqaleni, khona-ke izenzo ezinjalo zingabangela ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni imbali.
- Ukutshala isikhathi eside akukhulunywanga ngaso, ngoba kungathinta isitshalo.
- Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela zonke izimo zezulu zendawo lapho ukufika kuzokwenzeka khona. Khumbula ukuthi uma uhlwanyela i-gladiolus enhlabathini emanzi, izobulala i-tuber.
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi yokutshala
Uma uqhubeka ngokuziphendulela kusengaphambili embuzweni wokuthi uzotshala kuphi i-gladiolus ezweni, khona-ke uzophumelela ngokuqinisekile.
Kubalulekile!Indawo ofuna ukutshala i-gladioli yakho kufanele ivikeleke emoyeni abandayo, kanye nokushisa kwelanga.
Zama ukwenza umbhede ngendlela yokuthi kusukela ohlangothini olusenyakatho "unesivikelo" ngendlela yezihlahla, izihlahla noma ucingo. I-Gladioli idinga indawo ekhanyayo, eyovikelwa emoyeni, njengoba ingaqeda isitshalo eside sesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukulungisa isayithi lokufika ekwindla. Insimu kufanele ibe yindlala, ngoba lokhu kuzodinga i-rake. Umbhede wembali kufanele ushiywe amaviki amabili, bese uqhubeka ngokuqondile ukutshala.
Indlela yokulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala
Inhlabathi kufanele iguqulwe futhi ilungiswe ngokungeza umquba wokutshala. Ungakhohlwa ukususa zonke ukhula ezweni ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhula imbali. Uma indawo oyikhethile iphansi kakhulu, kufanele wenze umbhede ophezulu, ngoba ama-gladiolus ama-albhamu awakuthandi amanzi aphelile futhi angafa.
Uyazi? Imvelo engavumelani neyodwa noma e-acidic ye-chernozem, i-loam enesihlabathi ne-loam ingabhekwa njengenhlabathi enhle kakhulu yokutshala imbali.
Lesi sitshalo sithande umhlabathi ovulekile, ngakho-ke uma indawo yakho i-clayey, khona-ke uthele nje i-peat, isihlabathi ne-humus ku-isilinganiso esisodwa kuya kwesithathu.
Isu nokujula kokufika
I-gladiolus idinga ukutshala ngokujulile kangakanani kuxhomeke kubukhulu be-bulb tuberous. Uma likhulu, isitshalo kufanele sitshalwe ekujuleni kwe-10 cm, uma isilinganiso singama-7 cm, kanti u-anyanisi omncane ungcono kakhulu etshalwe ku 2-3 cm. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, njengoba ubumba lungabangela ukukhula okusheshayo, nesihlabathi - ezinkingeni zokufika.
Indlela yokunakekela amahlumela e-gladiolus
I-Gladiolus yisitshalo esimnandi esinikeza ama-inflorescences ngezimbali ezimibalabala namaqabunga, afanelwe njengenkemba. Ukuze ugcine izimbali ezinempilo esiqhingini sakho, udinga ukuzinakekela kahle uma usufike.
Ukunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokukhipha inhlabathi
Okokuqala, udinga isikhathi sokuphuza i-gladiolus. Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi iyamanzi, futhi ukuphuza isitshalo kuncike ekudingekeni. Inani lokuchelela kufanele likhuphuke lapho kuhlanganiswa ama-stalks (ama-15 amalitha ngomunye 1 sq / m). Lesi sigaba ungakwazi ukubona kalula ukuthi mangaki amaqabunga asevele avele. Uma kunezinhlamvu ezingu-3 noma ezine ezigcwele, ungakwazi ukwandisa ngokuphepha umthamo wokuchelela. Amanzi amaningi adingekayo ngesikhathi sezimbali ze-gladiolus. Ngemuva kokunisela, kuzomele uzame ukudiliza emhlabathini, futhi imbali ngokwayo iyobamba.
Ukufaka umquba kuyisici esibalulekile sokukhula kwembali. Ingxenye yomanyolo kufanele isetshenziswe emavikini angu-4 no-8 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungcono ukhethe i-nitrogen. Ku-1 sq / m inhlabathi udinga amagremu angu-30 omanyolo. Uma isayithi ngokwalo sesivele icebile nge-nitrogen, isabelo kufanele sinciphise izikhathi ezingu-2. Ngemuva kokuvela kokuqala kokuqhakaza, inhlabathi kufanele iphinde ifakwe.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuba ungeze umanyolo emhlabathini, kumele uwuthulule.
Weeding futhi mulching
Kufanelekile ukukhokhela ingxenye yengonyama yokunakekelwa kwe-mulching nokwehlisa inhlabathi. Zizosiza ukugcina umswakama, futhi zivuselele inhlabathi ngezingxenye ezincane ze-humus ne-peat. Kumele bangene emhlabathini u-5 cm.
Uyazi? Ngosizo lendlela elula yokuhlanganisa, ungakwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukhula oluthile oluphazamisa ukukhula kwe-gladiolus.
Lokhu kuzonikeza isitshalo ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokuhle kakhulu.
Indlela yokunakekela izimbali ezindala
Ukunakekela izimbali ezikhulile akulula. Udinga ukuqapha inhlabathi nesimo jikelele se-gladioli. Kanye nezithombo, imbali endala iyodinga ukuphuza umoya futhi iphuze.
Ukunisela umhlabathi
Maphakathi no-July nango-Agasti, i-gladioli bloom. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele uzame ngokukhethekile ukugcina inhlabathi enomswakama. Uma kuphuza ngaphandle kanti isimo sezulu sibanda futhi sinomoya, ukuphuza isitshalo kufanele kuncishiswe ukuze kugweme ukutheleleka kwefungal.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungafaki i-gladioli, ungabondla izikhathi eziningana phakathi nenkathi. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa isisombululo se-nitrophoska noma "Kemira".
Izitshalo ze-Garter nezintaba
Kubalulekile ukubopha izitshalo lapho beqala ukukhula. Uzodinga izikhonkwane. Ungenza ngaphandle kwe-garter, kodwa nje ukumisa lesi sitshalo ngo-12 cm, ukuze uwenze ube njalo.
Uma uzibuza ukuthi i-gladioli ingaqedwa yini, abalimi abanolwazi bayaphendula ukuthi ungakwenza, zama nje ukusika amashidi angaphansi. Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwe-bulb kwenzeke, vele ushiye amaqabunga ama-5.
Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane
Kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa ku-gladioli, kodwa zisesekhona. Ama-slugs abe nomthelela omubi ekubukeni kwesitshalo, njengoba bekwazi ukudla ingxenye yamaqabunga. Bangakwazi futhi ukugaya izilimo eziyizigaxa bese bechitha imbali.
Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukukhula nokhula, ngakho-ke bathatha ingxenye yengxenye yemithi bese basiza ama-slugs ukuba avame. Amalungiselelo afana nokuduma kwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-Meta kuzosiza ekufezeni imiphumela emihle ekulawuleni izinambuzane. Ukucubungula kufanele kwenziwe okungaphezu kwesisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-20.
Kubalulekile! Izidakamizwa zinobuthi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungayisebenzisi ezindaweni lapho izilwane ezifuywayo noma izingane zihlala khona.
Ukwasawoti kanye nomswakama wesardard kuzokusiza, njengoba kuthinta isikhumba esibucayi se-slugs futhi sibonisa ukuthi kuyisithiyo esibi endleleni yezinambuzane.
Ubhiya obumnyama bungasiza futhi. Liquid ithululelwa ezitsheni ezingajulile futhi ingcwatshwe enhlabathini ukuze imiphetho ibe sezingeni eliphansi. Ama-slugs athokoza kakhulu ubhiya, ngakho-ke, lapho befika iphunga, bathola isiphephelo sabo sokugcina.
I-Medvedka ingenye inkathazo eqinile ye-gladioli, ngoba ayigcini nje kuphela izimpande, kodwa futhi iyingcosana. Amanzi angathululelwa emgodini. Lapho inkathazo isomile, iyowela emgodini wamanzi.
Uyazi? Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, ama-gladiolus achotshoziwe ahlanganiswa nofulawa lapho ebhaka isinkwa.
Ungaphinda ungene emhlabathini wegciwane "Medvetoksa" 50 cm. Ngemva kokuba udle isilwane, inkathazo izofa.
Ngokuqondene nezifo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15 zazo, ezibangelwa isikhunta ezincane, amagciwane, amabhaktheriya. Kuyaziwa ukuthi akukho zindlela zokulwa nazo ezizokusiza ukuvimbela inqubo engavumeleki uma isiqalile kakade. Ngakho-ke, kungaba ngcono ukuqala ukuqapha isimo sezitshalo bese ulandela imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo.
Lapho ukumba nokugcina i-gladioli
Ekwindla ekwindla, lapho i-gladiolus ottsvetut, udinga ukuyikhipha emhlabathini bese uhlanza ngokugcwele kusukela ezimpandeni nasemhlabeni, bese uhlukanisa ama-bulb kusuka ezinganeni bese uyomisa ngokuphelele. Izinsana nezilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele zigcinwe zihlukile.
Isitoreji sama-gladioluses senzeke kahle endaweni emnyama ebandayo. Futhi, kufanele zihlukaniswe zibe izikhwama zamaphepha ezindiza eziningana. Ukushaya nokuhlola njalo kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukubola.
Maphakathi noFebhuwari, ama-bulbs adinga ukupholisa nokukhanya okuncane, njengoba benenkathi ehle kakhulu ekupheleni, futhi bakhipha imicibisholo. Kuleli fomu, bazobe bengakafiki emhlabathini.
Uma ubuze imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini engatshalalwa eceleni kwe-gladiolus futhi ehlanganisa i-gladioli embhedeni wembali, lezi zitshalo zizokhula kahle nge-tulips noma i-daffodils, kanye nama-peonies nama-hydrangeas.
Kubalulekile! Ungazami ukutshala i-gladioli nge-dahlias, njengoba lezi zitshalo ezimbili zizoncintisana.
Njengoba ubona, ukuhamba nokungena kwe-gladioli ngeke kuthathe isikhathi sakho. Futhi ngesifiso esikhulu, ngokuqinisekile uyokwazi ukutshala lezi zimbali ezimangalisayo!
