Ikhukhamba yimifino ethandwa kakhulu ukuthi abalimi bakhule kalula engadini. Kodwa maduzane, izindlela ezintsha zokukhukhamba zikhula. Bakuvumela ukuba ujabulele ngomkhiqizo omusha, ngisho nasezimo zomuzi, uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlakulela ipulazi lakho elikhaya.
Phakathi kwezindlela ezintsha ezinjalo kungabizwa ngokuthi ukhula ebhakedeni. Indlela yokwenza lokhu nokuthi yini ongayibheka, tshela okunye.
Izinzuzo zokukhukhamba ezikhulayo amabhakede
Okokuqala, sizogxila ezintweni ezinhle zokutshala ukhukhamba ebhakedeni. Okokuqala, uthola umkhiqizo onobungane. Uyazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi akukho izinto eziyingozi ezisetshenziselwe ukulima. Futhi unciphisa isikhathi nomzamo wokunakekela imibhede. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo unomkhiqizo omusha ngobuningi obufanele.
Uyazi? Indlela efanayo yokukhukhamba okukhulayo sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswe eChina. Ikuvumela ukudubula isivuno esikhulu esitshalweni esinezindawo ezincane.
Ukuvunwa okuphezulu kutholakala ngenxa yendawo efanelekile yebhakede ngamakhukhamba. Ingabekwa endaweni efanelwe ukukhanyisa noma ukuhlelwa kabusha kwenye, uma kudingeka.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunesimo sezulu, isimo somhlabathi sigcinwa ngobumanzi obunembile futhi kuphelile. Izitshalo ziyasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemfucuza, futhi ukhukhamba ngokwawo ensimini njalo zihlala zihlanzekile.
Inzuzo ebalulekile yukuthi ekhukheni elinjalo lombuso alitholakali evezwe ezifweni nasezinambuzane. Inhlabathi lapho ukhukhamba ikhula khona ingashiywa ebusika ngezinsalela zezitshalo. Khona-ke entwasahlobo uzoba nomhlabathi ogcwele kahle, olungele ukusetshenziswa.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhukhamba okungcono ukukhetha ukukhula emabhakede
Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka yini ukuba sikhule ukhukhamba ebhakedini futhi yiziphi izinzuzo zesinqumo esinjalo, esizicabangayo. Manje ake sichaze ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhukhamba ezizwa kangcono ekulimeni okunjalo futhi zinikeze isivuno esikhulu.
Ngoba izindlela ezinjalo zokulima zincoma ukukhetha izinhlobo eziphakathi noma izinhlobo zasemahlathini. Unesistimu encane eyadinga isikhala, ngakho-ke ivolumu yebhakede iyanele.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlela ukuvuna imbewu ekuvuneni kwakho, khona-ke kudingeka ukhethe imbewu eneminyaka engu-2 kuya kweyesi-3. Kuphawula ukuthi asebekhulile, ama-inflorescences wesifazane abonakala ngaphezulu kubo. Ngakho-ke, isivuno sesitshalo sizoba ngaphezulu.
Kubuye kunconywe ukuba unake izinhlobo zokuzitholela impova kanye nama-parthenocarpic hybrids. Esikhathini sokuqala, akudingeki ukuba unakekele ama-ovari, okubaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhula izitshalo ebhaleni, lapho izinambuzane zivame ukuhamba khona.
Esikhathini esilandelayo, amakhukhamba athuthuka ngokuzimela, okuyinto elula kakhulu.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela ibhakede lamakhukhamba akhula
Njengoba unqume ukhukhamba ezihlukahlukene, kubalulekile ukuthola indawo efanelekayo yokukhula. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kulula ukunakekela ukhukhamba ezitshalwe ezitsheni zama-200 amalitha. Kodwa ebhakedeni bazizwa bekhululekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi umthamo wayo wawungekho ngaphansi kwama-5 amalitha.
Kungaba yensimbi, izinkuni noma ipulasitiki. Esikhathini esilandelayo, kubalulekile ukwenza izimbobo zamanzi hhayi kuphela ezansi, kodwa futhi ezinhlangothini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina izinga elifanele lomswakama ngaphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ububanzi be-tank bubanzi ngokwanele. Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwesitshalo, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe, futhi ebhakede elincane ungalimaza uhlelo lwempande.
Ngaphansi kwebhakede kufanele ubeke amanzi. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa i-claydite, amatshe amancane omfula, amagatsha, umuthi wamagxolo noma amaqanda amaqanda.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokukhukhamba ukhukhamba ebhakedeni
Inhlabathi yamakhukhamba ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile. Kodwa kulokhu kuzoba kubiza. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungayithatha engadini, ensimini noma embhede, kepha ngale nhlabathi ungaletha izifo ezihlukahlukene.
Kuhle uma uqiniseka enhlabathini yakho futhi kungafakwa ngaphezu kwalokho kubalwa kuhhavini, uma kungenzeka. Kulesi simo, kungenziwa ngaphezu kwalokho kuhlanganiswe nomanyolo futhi ulale ngokuphepha ebhakedeni.
Njengomanyolo othululwa phezu kwamanzi, kufanelekile:
- ukungcola kokudla okungazange kwenziwe ukushisa;
- imifino emisha;
- utshani wonyaka odlule noma iziqongo;
- amaqabunga;
- i-sawdust;
- umquba;
- umquba.
Kubalulekile! Uma umgquba uhlanzekile, kufanele ubeke phansi.
Ukusheshisa inqubo yokubola, lawo manyolo kufanele aphuze ngaphambi kokulungiselela ama-EM. Bese uthele inhlabathi, uyigcwalise ngamanzi ashisayo nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate bese uvala ifilimu, ushiya kuleli fomu ngesonto. Ngalesi sikhathi, inqwaba kufanele ixazulule. Ungawugcwalisa umhlaba futhi uphinde uwuthulule ngamanzi ashisayo.
Ungalungisa ingxube ngokusho kwenye iresiphi.
Ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo uthathe i-turf, umquba omdala, i-pus ebolile, ishlabathi, umlotha okhuni. I-10 g yalesi sikhulu yengezwa 10 g we-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi, okufaka i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-iodine eyamukelekayo. Le ngxube kumele igcwaliswe ngamanzi ashisayo ukuze ingenwe yi-disinfected futhi ifakwe uphawu.
Ukuhlwanyela ukhukhamba ebhakedeni
Izindlela ezingavamile zokutshala ukhukhamba zidinga indlela ekhethekile ekuhlwanyeleni kwazo. Ebhakedeni, yenza umgodi bese uhlwanyela khona cishe ngezinhlamvu ezintathu kuya kwezingu-4, eziqinisekisa izithombo.
Akuzona okokuqala zihluma, ungangena isikhashana nje. Uma imbewu ngayinye ikhuphuka, ingahle ihanjiswe. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlelo lwempande alukazanga, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuwahlukanisa. Isampula senziwa kanye nesikhumba somhlaba.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuhluma nokuqinisekisa ukuvunwa okuhle, amahlumela adala i-microclimate ekhethekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ibhodlela lepulasitiki langaphambili elibheke ebhakedeni, elithululwa ngamanzi.
Ngakho-ke inhlabathi yamakhukhamba iyohlale igcwele ngokwanele, futhi iyayithanda umswakama.
Lapho amaqabunga kuqala eqala ukuphulukana nesitshalo, ama-arcs, isikhonkwane noma noma yikuphi ukusekelwa kufanele kufakwe ngenhla kwebhakede, lapho i-loops ikhukhi izoqhubeka khona.
Amakhukhamba akhula ngamabhakede: izici zokunakekelwa
Ukukhethekile kokunakekela amakhukhamba anjalo ukuthi akudingeki ukuba baphonjiwe noma ukhula. It kusindisa isikhathi namandla ehlala ehlobo. Udinga ukufaka isitsha empumalanga noma eningizimu, ngoba isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhulu.
Ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, ilula futhi ifaka kabi. Ngakho-ke, uma kungenakwenzeka ukubeka ibhakede ohlangothini olungenelanga, lesi sitshalo esincane sizodinga ukukhanyisa ukukhanya.
Ukunisela kwenziwa nge-tank efakwe ebhakedeni. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile. Ebhakede lapho isikhala sinqunyelwe khona, lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kunombhede. Khumbula ukuthi kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa amanzi kumandla kuphela afudumele ne-otstoyannuyu.
Uyazi? Kukholelwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa elihle lokukhula kwamakhukhamba liyi-18 °C. Uma ibhakede lesitshalo lisemgwaqweni, ebusuku lingagubungelwa ngilazi lapho izitshalo zingakabi namandla.
Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-5 kuya ku-6 emahlumela emhlabathini, ungakwazi ukwengeza i-humus encane. Lapho ama-ovari eqala ukuvela esitshalweni, kufanele adliwe. Kuze kube sekugcineni, u-100 g wezinkuni wokhuni uhanjiswa ngetitha lamanzi, futhi le nhlanganisela ithululelwa enhlabathini enomanzi.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, emva kokuchelela, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe eduze nesitshalo, bese ihlunga. Lokhu kuzokusiza uhlanga lube luqinile futhi lungabambeli.
Amakhukhamba okuvuna
Ungadonsa ukhukhamba ezivuthiwe cishe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Konke kuncike ekutheni usayizi wemifino othanda ukuyidla. Abasuse njengoba kudingeka, kodwa ngesikhathi sokubuthwa kweningi, le nqubo yenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili. Uma kungenjalo, esikhundleni samakhukhamba amancane, uthola "zheltyaki" enkulu.
Susa ikhukhamba esicutheni ukuze izithelo zihlale kulo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngommese, ngoba uma usuka, uphumule, uphazamise isiqu, ungalimaza futhi ubuthakathaze isitshalo. Hlela ukwanda kwekhukhamba ukuze kususwe ukhukhamba akudingeki ukuguqula loop.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, qaphela ukuthi kukhona yini ama-ovarie abonakalisiwe esitshalweni: abonakalisiwe, abancintisiwe, abambezelwe. Lezi zidingo kufanele zisuswe kusengaphambili ukuze zingadonsi izitshalo.
Ukukhipha imifino kusuka emalangeni kungcono kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu lapho ilanga lingabi kakhulu. Ukuvunwa kufanele kufakwe ngokushesha emthunzini noma endaweni epholile. Sekuvele kugcinwe isikhathi esifushane. Kodwa uma ufuna ukulondoloza isitshalo, ungakhathaza ukhukhamba noma ukhukhamba.
Isitshalo esinjalo esivamile, njengekhukhamba, singakhula hhayi engadini kuphela. Uma usuhlile ebhakedini, ungakwazi, ngokunakekelwa okungenani, uthole imifino etafuleni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Into enzima kunazo zonke kule ndlela ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi, kodwa futhi ilula ngendlela elula. Ngakho-ke, uma unendawo encane eduze nohlangothi olukhanyayo, thatha ithuba bese ubeka ibhakede ngembewu yamakhukhamba etshalwe khona. Umphumela uzodlula konke okulindelwe!
