Ngokuvamile izihlahla ezimbiza izimbali ezikhula endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside, isikhumba se-powdery ngokushesha sithinta. Akuzona zonke izivande ezizothatha isinqumo sokuqeda isihlahla esinjalo, ikakhulukazi uma kuyinhlobo engavamile futhi enhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wangempela wukuthi ungasusa kanjani isikhutha se-powdery.
Kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokushaya le fungus. Ezinye zazo zisekelwe ezindleleni zomuntu, kwabanye ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kunconywa. Kuthiwani ngokukhethwa okuhlongozwayo, sinqume umlimi wensimu.
Amazolo kaMealy: ukuthi kuyini, ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta kanjani isivuno samajikijolo
Thola ukuthi ukutheleleka kwesihlahla kuyinto elula. Ama-berries, amaqabunga amhlophe ashaqekayo, agcina ekugcineni abe amabala amnyama. Kancane kancane, i-fungus idlula amajikijolo ukuze ihlume, ibhonce, bese ifika emaqabunga, okwenza ukuba baphenduke baphuzi futhi bakhuphuke.
Amajikijolo aqala ukuqhuma futhi aqhume, ngisho nangaphambi kokuvuthwa. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifanele ngesikhathi, i-powdery isikhutha se-ugqumugqumu iyomangaza futhi ichithe yonke isivuno, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyobhubhisa sonke isitshalo.
Uyazi? Ukukhwabanisa kungokomndeni ofanayo. Indawo yayo yemvelo yiseNtshonalanga Yurophu naseNyakatho Afrika, nakuba namuhla isakazwa emhlabeni jikelele. Isitshalo sasendle sihlala emahlathini nasezintabeni zentaba.
Indlela yokususa isikhutha se-powdery, izindlela zezwe
Kubalulekile ukulwa nesishayo ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola. Uma amajikijolo esevele evele, abhujiswa ngonya kanye namahlumela abathintekayo. Nokho, uma kungenzeka ukuthola lesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqedwe, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! I-fungus iphonsa izinhlamvu kabili ngonyaka: entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucubungula amahlumela kathathu: ngaphambi kokuba izimbali zivele ehlathini, ngokushesha emva kokuqhakaza, futhi ngaphambi kokuba isihlahla sishiye amaqabunga. Lesi sitshalo asihlungiwe, futhi sinamanzi amaningi. Yonke imfucuza ihlangene ehlathini, futhi umhlaba uphathwa ngendlela efanayo nesihlahla. Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kusihlwa.
Indlela yokushaya isikhumba se-powdery? Sinikeza izindlela eziningana eziqinisekisiwe zomuntu.
Usebenzisa i-saltpeter
Ukulwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-nitrate, kodwa ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Ngakho, ekwelashweni kwehlathini ngemva kokutshala kwezimbali ikhambi le-ammonium nitrate: ebhakede lamanzi lithatha ama-50 g. Futhi isetshenzisiwe i-potassium nitrate kanye ne-potassium permanganate ngokwesilinganiso sama-50 g no-3 g ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi.
I-aspirini ne-soda
Uma ukuhlasela okumhlophe kuvela emanzini okugcoba ukupuniza, bayalungisa isisombululo soda nge-add aspirin nesepha. Ukugcina kuyadingeka ukuze kulandelwe kahle esihlahleni, sihlale kuso.
Cishe u-50-60 g we-soda futhi cishe u-10 g we-saliva noma okuhlanziwe isambatho sokuhlanza kukhishwa ibhakede lamanzi.. Kubalulekile ukuthi isixazululo sinene ngokwanele. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefise njalo ngesonto izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu.
Ungasusa kanjani ukuqhakaza okumhlophe ku-ugqumugqumu ngomlotha
Phakathi kwamakhemikhali omuntu ephephile kakhulu we-powdery isikhutha kubhekwa isixazululo sokhuni. Ukuze uyilungiselele, udinga ukuthatha i-kilogram yomlotha, uwuhlanze bese uhlunga. Bese ushisa ibhakede lamanzi bese uphula umlotha ohlanzekile kuwo.
Kumelwe aphikelele ngesonto, evuselela ngezikhathi ezithile. Futhi ngosuku lokugcina abayithinti, bamnikeza ithuba lokuxazulula kahle.
Khona-ke kufanele ihlungwe, engeza insipho yasendlini futhi isebenzise njengoba kuhloswe. Ukucubungula amahlathi kufanele kwenziwe enhlobonhlobo sezulu kusihlwa. Shiya isisombululo esincane, engeza amanzi kuwo futhi uthele isihlahla.
Uyazi? Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane eziyingxenye eyodwa nesigamu izinhlobo ezihlotshaniswayo zokujula. Amajikijolo alo aqukethe amavithamini, ushukela, nama-acids ewusizo. It isetshenziswa kokubili eluhlaza futhi eyenziwe kuso jam, marmalade, jelly, iwayini. Ngezinye izikhathi esetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha..
Sebenzisa i-kefir noma ubisi omuncu
Okumangalisa ukuthi, kodwa umzabalazo wezilwane zamakhemikhali we-powdery isikhutha esitokisini izindlela ezifana nemikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe - ubisi omuncu kanye ne-kefir.
Ukuthi ukuthungwa kwabo kusiza ukwakha uhlobo lwefilimu esihlahleni, okuphazamisa ukuphefumula kwe-mycelium. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ugqumugqumu ngokwawo uthola izinto eziwusizo futhi uthuthukise impilo yayo.
Ukulungisa isisombululo ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-lactic acid namanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10. Kulokhu, amahlathi aphethwe kuphela endaweni esomile. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe kathathu ezinsukwini ezintathu.
Ukwelapha isikhumba se-Powdery nge-horsetail
Enye ikhambi labantu for isikhutha powdery on ugqumugqumu - i-horsetail. Ukulungisa isisombululo kuthatha i-100 g yezitshalo ezintsha bese uthela ilitha lamanzi.
Usuku olwedlule, ukumnika kufakwe emathumba futhi ubiliswe amahora ambalwa. Khona-ke kufanele ihlile, yikhiphe. Ukugxila kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi 1: 5 kanye nezihlahla eziphathwayo.
Uma kufanele uphathe isitshalo esivele usulele, kufanele uphathwe ngaleli khambi njalo ngezinsuku ezinhlanu ngezinyanga ezintathu noma ezine. Nokho, le ndlela iphumelela kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sesifo. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ezivela e-powdery isikhutha entwasahlobo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ekwelapheni kwe-powdery isikhutha ku-ugqumugqumu
Kunezindlela eziningi zendabuko zokulwa namafungus. Emakethe kunamakhemikhali ambalwa aphikisana nalesi sifo ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
Kodwa abalimi abathile bakhetha indlela encane engathembeki, kodwa engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa okuphephile isitshalo nomuntu. Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ukuze zonke izivande ezinogwaja ezigulayo zinganquma ukuthi zingasifaka kanjani isitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukutheleleka nge-powdery isikhutha spores kungenziwa emoyeni kusuka kwezinye izitshalo noma izihlahla ezithathelwanayo, ngamanzi anesifo sokunisela, ngisho nangezandla zomlimi wezitshalo, ngaphambi kokuthinta isihlahla se-ugqumugqumu, sathinte isitshalo esithathelelekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sifo asibonakali kwezinye izitshalo engadini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali (fungicides)
Ama-agent we-fungicidal wamanje angaphumelela ngokubhekana ne-powdery isikhutha. Zangena ezingxenyeni zezitshalo, ziphathe, zivikele futhi zivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwefungus.
Kuye ngokuthi unquma kanjani ukulwa nalesi sifo, kudingeka usebenze izihlahla izikhathi eziphindwe ezine ngekhefu ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10.
Imikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu yama-mealy yilezi:
- Amistar Extra;
- I-Vitaros;
- Ngokushesha;
- Previkur;
- I-Acrobat MC;
- I-Topaz;
- Fundazol.
I-biofungicides: indlela yokwelapha i-gooseberries ngamalungiselelo e-biological
Endabeni yokulwa nesifo esimhlophe futhi isebenzisa ama-fungicides emvelaphi yemvelo.
Okokuqala, kunjalo umquba omusha izinkomo. Ukulungisa isisombululo kuthathwa ingxenye yesithathu yebhakede lomquba, ogcwala ngamanzi ebhakede eligcwele.
Ingxube ifakwe izinsuku ezintathu, bese ihlungiwe futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10. Nciphisa ukumnika isikhathi ngasinye ngaphambi kokucubungula.
Ekulweni nomkhuhlane we-powdery, ukhula oluvela ensimini nalo lufanelekile, olusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela utshani obuvutshiwe. Kubalulekile ukusika isigamu sebhakede lokhula kahle, uthele ngamanzi ashisayo kuze kube yilapho uphezulu kwesitsha bese uxuba. Ingxube iphinde ifakwe izinsuku eziningana, ihlungiwe futhi isetshenziswe ingaguquki.
Izenzo zokuvimbela
Ukuvimbela kuqukethe, kokuqala, ekunakekeleni okufanele isihlahla. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ukutshala akutshali, kunomswakama olinganiselayo, kanti inhlabathi isetshenziswe ngokwanele ngendaba ephilayo.
Qinisekisa ukusika amagatsha amadala nalabo abathwala izithelo ezimbi. Kunconywa ukuba ubophe iziqongo zamatamatisi namazambane ngaphansi kwesihlahla, ukuphuza ngesisombululo sama-EM amalungiselelo.
Lesi sitshalo sizobola kancane kancane ngaphansi kwesenzo se-bacteria, esizobamba izinhlamvu ze-fungus.
Kodwa ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga, amaqabunga kufanele asuswe kusayithi bese ashiswa. Qinisekisa ukumba endaweni yokuwa nasentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! I-fungus inamathuba amancane okuhlala phansi ekujuleni ngesikhathi sezulu eshisayo neshushu, kanye nalapho kunakekelwa kahle ngemuva kwesihlahla: ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukufaka umanyolo kanye nomanyolo. Izimo ezifanele ze-powdery isikhutha: umswakama 60-80%, izinga lokushisa lomoya ophansi (15.5 - 26.5 ° C), umthamo omubi we-nitrogen emhlabathini, ukutshala okunamandla kakhulu, ukuchelela okuvame kakhulu, okuholela ekutheni umswakama owandise umhlabathi, ukuphuza ngokweqile lapho umhlaba owomile uthululwa ngamanzi.
Enye indlela yokuvimbela - ukufika izinhlobo ze-powdery ezinqanyelwe isikhutha-mkhuba. Lezi yi-Chernomor, iKaputeni, iNyakatho, i-English Yellow, i-Consul, i-Eaglet nabanye.
Ukutshala kwanoma yikuphi okuhlukahlukene, kuyadingeka ukhethe izitshalo eziphilile futhi ezinamandla ezilungiswa esifundeni esinikeziwe.
Umama we-Mealy uyisifo esiyingozi esingabhubhisa hhayi kuphela ukuvunwa, kodwa nakho konke ukutshala kwe-shrub. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uqale ukulwa ne-fungus ngesikhathi sokuqala kokubonakala kwayo.
Kungenzeka ukulwa nalo kokubili izindlela zikazwelonke, kanye namalungiselelo akhethekile. Lezi zinsuku zisebenza kahle, kodwa zangaphambili ziphephile. Ukuze ungalokothi ukhiphe lolu daba, kungcono ukufeza izinyathelo zokuzivikela kusengaphambili ukuze kutholakale izihlahla zokugcoba.
