Amagilebhisi ahlobisa, okuthiwa intombazana noma isendle, - Leli liana elingapheli elivela ku-genre Parthenocissus, livame ukusetshenziswa ekuklanyeleni kwezwe lomhlaba ngabombili abaqeqeshiwe kanye nabalingiswa, futhi lisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izakhiwo. Esihlokweni esilandelayo, sizobona ukuthi sikhula yini lesi sitshalo, futhi uma kunjalo, kanjani.
Uyazi? Lezi zithelo zomvini zibizwa ngokuthi umama (partenocissus "partenos kisses" ezisuka kwisiGreki "virgin ivy") ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka imbewu akudingi ukukhulelwa nge impova.
Izinzuzo nokulimala kwamagilebhisi asendle
Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukutshala amagilebhisi ama-girlish, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezindleko, ngoba, njengakwamanye amazwe, kunama-nuances.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zihlanganisa ukubukeka. Ummeli omelelekile we-flora unamaqabunga amahle amakhulu aqoshiwe abumba umqhele owubukhulu obumangalisayo. Futhi imivini enamandla ingamelana nesisindo esinamandla futhi ibopha cishe cishe noma yisiphi isayizi.
Amagilebhisi asendle ayesabi izimo ezikhulayo, noma umusi womoya, noma ukungcola. Ilungele ukutshala izindonga kanye nokuqapha izindonga futhi njengesitshalo somhlabathi, futhi uthango lwamagilebhisi luzobukeka luhle kakhulu kusukela ehlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukuzithoba kwayo. Kuzokhula kunoma yikuphi ukukhanya, kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, ukuphatha amapheshana amancane omhlaba, kanye nokunisela okuncane, njengoba kunomsoco ongenamandla. Kunokumelana okuhle nezilokazane, izifo kanye namaqhwa.
Kubuye kubhekwe njengesibindi eside, kanti izinga lokukhula lamagilebhisi omncane lilinganiselwa kumamitha amabili ngonyaka. Akayena ongenangqondo ezindabeni zokukhulelwa nokuzala. Igumbi eligcwele amagilebhisi omhlobiso lizovikelwa ekugqithiseni ukushisa, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, nezindonga zalo ngeke kuphethwe umoya, uthuli nemvula.
Izimo ezimbi zihlanganisa iqiniso lokuthi entwasahlobo iqala ukuphenduka ngokuhlaza emva kwezinye izitshalo futhi isikhathi eside kakhulu kubonakala sengathi izihlumela ezingenalutho, ezikhanyisiwe, ezihluke nendawo ejwayelekile.
Futhi, amahlumela angakhanqa ngaphansi kwe-tile noma ezinye izinto zokuphahla futhi azibhubhise, angakwazi ukugqoka amanzi, angene ngaphakathi, akhule amafasitela amaningi kakhulu. Konke lokhu kungagwenywa, nje ngesikhathi sokusika izivini.
Kodwa uhlelo lwempande lwamagilebhisi amabhande, olukhulayo ngamamitha ambalwa, lungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholelwa ukuthi umvini ungalimaza isisekelo sakhiwo.
Uyazi? Cishe kwayishumi nambili yamagilebhisi amantombazane ayaziwa. Zihlukaniswe zibe ama-Asian (ama-one, amathathu namahlanu amaqabunga) kanye nezinhlobo zaseNyakatho Melika (amaqabunga amahlanu nesikhombisa).
Kungcono kanjani futhi ukutshala amagilebhisi amabhande
Akukho lutho oluluhlaza ekutshaleni amagilebhisi entombazane, kodwa kufanele ulandele imithetho elula yokulima.
Ayikho impendulo eqondile yombuzo wokuthi uzohlwanyela yini amagilebhisi asendle. Ngempela, konke kuxhomeke esimweni sezulu esifundeni sokukhula okuhlosiwe, isimo sezulu kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza.
Uma utshala izithombo, khona-ke zizofanelana nesikhathi sokutshala kusukela emkhatsini we-spring entwasahlobo kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekwindla. Lapho behla ekwindla, banakekele indawo yabo yokukhosela ebusika. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emabhodini akhiqizwa ekupheleni kwebusika, nokutshala ama-cuttings emhlabathini - ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Yiba ngangokunokwenzeka, ungavumeli ukushisa (kungakhathaliseki uma kufanele utshale amagilebhisi asendle: entwasahlobo, ehlobo noma ekwindla) - ungasebenzisi isikhathi isikhathi kusukela ngo-11 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama ngokutshala.
Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle futhi sikhule cishe cishe noma yikuphi izindawo zenhlabathi, izindawo ezicacile nezivulekile ezizokwenza.
Kubalulekile! Nakuba amagilebhisi ama-girlish ahlukumezi ukukhanyisa, nokho, ekhula emthunzini, enza amaqabunga amancane, okufika lapho ekwindla engashintshi umbala obomvu, kodwa uhlale ubumnyama.
Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, ugobe inhlabathi endaweni yokufika, ugobe izimbobo isigamu semitha ngokujula nobubanzi, ebangeni elingamamitha ukusuka komunye nomunye, ezinye izitshalo nezesekeli. Thela amanzi emanzini angaphansi (cishe ama-20 cm), bese uhlwanyela umhlaba uhhafu nge-peat, iqabunga lomhlabathi, umquba (ngokulinganisela okulinganako) nesihlabathi (ngesigamu).
Noma sebenzisa inhlanganisela yomhlabathi eqediwe. Yehlisa isithombo emgodini, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kokuthambekela okuncane, futhi uthele kuze kube sekupheleni. Qinisekisa ukuthi intamo impande ihlala phezulu, kodwa ayivuki. Namanzi amabhakede amabili amanzi, ungakhohlwa ukudala umthombo wokunisela.
Imithetho yokunakekela amagilebhisi
Umvini we-girlish uyindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abafuni ukuchitha isikhathi eside eduze kwezitshalo: kokubili ukutshala nokunakekela ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi.
Ukunisela umhlabathi
Ukunisela ngamagilebhisi kudinga ukulinganisa, izikhathi ezingu-3-4 kuphela ngesikhathi ngasinye, isitshalo ngasinye, khetha 8-10 amalitha amanzi. Esikhathini esishisayo ikakhulukazi ukuchelela njalo kuvunyelwe. Futhi uma kunemvula njalo esifundeni, ukuphuza akudingeki neze.
Ukunambitheka nokugqoka okuphezulu
Isiyingi esiseduzane singaxubaniswa nengqimba ye-peat, hay noma enye impahla (~ 5 cm ubukhulu). Lokhu kuzogcina umswakama nokupholisa kwenhlabathi futhi kusize ukugwema ukusilahla nokukhulula.
Ngokuvamile akudingi ukondliwa okwanele, kodwa uma ufuna ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwamagilebhisi amabhande, kufanele uchithe ngomanyolo wamaminerali (~ 50 g) entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, bese uphinda inqubo emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, noma usebenzise umanyolo ophilayo.
Ukubunjwa kwamasipha kanye nezihlahla zemagilebhisi zangasese
Lesi sitshalo sinokukhula okusheshayo, okuyinto minyaka yonke ihamba ngokushesha. Qala ukudala ukuma kwezitshalo zezihlahla uma ungafuni ukubhekana nokuphola okungenakulawulwa okuluhlaza. Qala amagatsha amakhulu ekusekeleni ngesimo se-fan.
Ngaphandle kokusebenza okuhlobisa kuphela, ukusika izivini zasendle kuyadingeka entwasahlobo ukuze kususwe wonke amahlumela ashisayo afakwe amaqabunga, aphethwe amandla futhi awonakele.
Indlela yokulungiselela amagilebhisi ebusika
Njalo ngonyaka ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga alo mvini kuyanda, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwasebusika, kubalulekile ukuvikela izitshalo ezincane (ikakhulukazi lezo ezitshalwe nge-cuttings), zimboze nge-lapnik, amaqabunga omile noma ezinye izinto.
Ngidinga ukusekelwa ngamagilebhisi
Uma ungahle uhlele ukusebenzisa amagilebhisi omhlobiso njengesihlahla somhlabathi (okuyinto enhle kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kunzima ukukhula utshani oluvamile, isibonelo, ematheni noma ezindaweni ezomile), bese unakekela ukunakekelwa kwosuku.
Qinisekisa ukuthi amagatsha awafaki emhlabathini, njengoba angakwazi ukugxila ngokushesha futhi aqale amahlumela amasha. Ukulwa namagilebhisi asendle kunzima kakhulu.
Indlela yokusakaza ngokuzimela umvini wamagilebhisi
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, lesi sitshalo asizithobeki, futhi ukuchithwa kwamagilebhisi asebhandini akulona nzima. Ungasebenzisa i-stem cuttings, i-cuttings, izimpande zamaswidi, imbewu.
Izendlalelo zesitembu
Sika imitha engamamitha amabili ubude ukusuka kumuthi omdala bese umba u-2 cm ngokuzungezile enhlabathini, bese uqhuba ukuchelela njalo. Lapho nje izimpande zivela emaqenjini, igatsha kumele lihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye eziningana futhi litshalwe ngokuhlukile. Inqubo akumele iqhutshwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ama-cuttings angama-Lignified
Lena indlela elula kakhulu. Ama-cuttings ahlanganisiwe anama-buds aluhlaza okwesithathu, ama-25-30 cm ubude. Uma ugoba emhlabathini, qiniseka ukuthi okungenani amafihlethi amabili ahlala ngaphansi komhlaba.
Ukwakha ucingo lwamagilebhisi asendle, shiya ibanga elingamamitha angaba yingxenye nesigamu phakathi kwezitshalo, futhi eminyakeni embalwa bazogcwalisa izikhala. Qinisekisa ukuphuza ama-cuttings ngemuva kokutshala futhi okokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi banomthunzi okwanele nokuthungwa.
Inzalo yomsuka
Amagatsha amakhulu asetshenziselwa isikhathi eside ngokuvamile anezimpande ezimpandeni eziningana lapho zihluma khona emhlabathini. Bangakwazi nje ukugubha futhi batshalwe endaweni efanele ukuze uqhubeke uqhubeka. Lena indlela elula kakhulu futhi elula.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Uma ngesizathu esithile ukhethe indlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi wanquma ukusakaza amagilebhisi asendle ngezitshalo, khona-ke kufanele usitshale entwasahlobo noma ekwindla endaweni enikeziwe ngaphambilini kuze kube yi-cm.
Kubalulekile! Lapho intwasahlobo ihlwanyela emhlabathini, udinga ukuyenza lukhuni imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zifake emanzini abandayo amahora angu-1-5, bese uzibeka endwangu emanzini noma emhlabeni bese uwagcina esiqandisini izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Naphezu kwamanye ama-nuances wokunakekelwa, amagilebhisi amabhande ayisikhambi elihle kakhulu lokuhlobisa izakhiwo,
ukudala ama-hedges, ukuhlanganiswa kwezwe lokuhlaba kanye nokufaka intshani ezindaweni ezinzima.
Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo nokuqina okukhulu, ngeke kudingeke ukuba kunakekelwe kakhulu nolwazi olunolwazi ekulimeni kusuka kuwe.
