Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinye izici zokuzalanisa. izigwaca ekhaya. Uzofunda ngezihlobo zama-quail, isikhathi sokufakelwa kweqanda, ukukhuliswa kwezingane kanye nezimo zalezi zinyoni ezinhle.
Uyazi? E-Turkestan (elinye lamadolobha amadala aseKazakhstan), ukulwa kwezigwaca zesilisa kukhona uhlobo lwemidlalo. Lezi zincintiswano zenziwa ema-añas akhethekile, futhi yonke into isifana nezindiza.
Izilwane zezigwaca zasemakhaya
Izikhukhula zibelethwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
- I-egg;
- Inyama;
- Inyama-amaqanda.
Cabanga ngezinhlobo zezigwaca zamaqanda:
- Izigwaca ezimnyama zesiNgisi. Ubukhulu besifazane - 190 g, abesilisa - 180 g. Lolu hlobo lunikeza amaqanda angu-280 ngonyaka (isisindo isisindo - 15 g).
- IsiNgisi (esimhlophe). Isisindo sensikazi ngu-370 g, isisindo sesilisa singama-280-300 g.
- IMarble. Isisindo samantombazane ngu-150 g, isisindo samadoda singama-125 g. Sinikeza amaqanda angu-280 ngonyaka, ngesisindo esingaba ngu-11 g.
- Izigwaca zaseJapane.
Lolu hlobo luyisisekelo sezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezigwaca. Ubuningi besifazane balesi sizwe ngu-140 g, abesilisa - 120 g. Ngokwesilinganiso, banikeza amaqanda angu-280 (isisindo - 10-12 g) ngonyaka. Abazithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa.
Lolu hlobo luyisisekelo sezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezigwaca. Ubuningi besifazane balesi sizwe ngu-140 g, abesilisa - 120 g. Ngokwesilinganiso, banikeza amaqanda angu-280 (isisindo - 10-12 g) ngonyaka. Abazithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa.Kubalulekile!Ukungathobeki kwezimo zokuboshwa - akufaki isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezilwane!
Isiqondiso senyama sidalwa yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- I-Texas white. Kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuzalanisa "inyama." Ukulimala okubalulekile ukuzala okungenabuthi kwamaqanda. Isisindo sensikazi ngu-450 g, isisindo sesilisa singama 400 g.
- UFaro. Amantombazane anesisindo esingama-290 g, abesilisa - 180 g. Amaqanda alokhu kubelethwa kahle. Isisindo se-egg - 14 g, izinga lokukhiqiza amaqanda - ama-pcs angu-180 ngonyaka.
- Faro Turkish. Isisindo sensikazi ngu-380 g, owesilisa - 330 g. Anokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amahle.
Isiqondiso sezinyama-maqanda sibhekiswe ngohlobo lwase-Estonia. Kuhle kakhulu kokubili inyama kanye namaqanda. Isisindo sowesifazane singu-200 g, owesilisa ungama-170. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kungu-300 izingcezu ngonyaka. Izinyoni ezinjalo zikulungele ukugcinwa kwezebhizinisi.Enkambeni yokukhetha uhlanga, akudingeki ucabangele ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo kanye neqanda kuphela, kodwa futhi namaphuzu alandelayo:
- iphesenti yokukhishwa kwentengo encane (ephakeme - lapho uzothola abantu abasha kusuka emaqanda ahlotshisiwe);
- izidingo zezimo zokuboshwa (lapha sicabangela ububanzi bokushisa, ukukhanya kanye nezinye izici);
- Ukudla okudlayo (ekuzaleni inyama, ukudla okudlayo kuphakeme, emaqanda - aphansi);
- isisindo seqanda (ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kungase kube ngaphansi, kodwa isisindo seqanda ngalinye liyoba ngaphezulu).
Kubalulekile! Eminye imifula, lapho ibhekene nezimo ezimbi, iqala ukuwohloka kakhulu, kuyilapho abanye belahlekelwa isisindo noma bafe. Ngakho-ke, inhlangano yezimo ezidingekayo zokuboshwa kufanele ithathwe ngokubaluleka okukhulu.
I-Quail Egg Incubation
Ama-Incubators azinhlobo ezahlukene nezinklamo, into esemqoka - kumele zikwazi ukusebenza futhi zihlome nge-thermostat. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ku-incubator kwakuwumsebenzi wokuguqula amaqanda, kodwa ukungabi khona kwawo akuyona into ebalulekile. Uma ugcina inombolo encane (kuze kube yizinkulungwane ezingu-2) "izinkukhu", ama-incubator asekhaya kufanele asetshenziswe, ngoba kulula ukusebenza nabo. Ngomabhukimakhi ngamunye uzothola cishe amaphesenti angama-70 wezinkukhu. Isizathu salesi phutha ukuthi inyoni ingayinikeza iqanda elingenalutho, futhi awukwazi ukungaziboni ukungalungi okufakelwayo, nokuthi uzothola ini-25-30% ye "dummies".
Siyaqhubeka nenqubo yokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator.
Uyazi?Izigwaca ezigqwetshwe emshini we-incubator azifani nezezilwane ezivuna ngokwemvelo.
Kunezinketho ezimbili zokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator:
- okuqondile;
- enezingqimba.
Ibukeka ngokucacile kanje: endaweni ephakeme, amaphuphu angama-58 azokhipha amaqanda angama-100. Ngamalungiselelo aqondile, kusukela emaqanda ayi-100, izigwaca ezingu-75 zizovela. Kodwa! Esikhathini sokuqala, ungakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angu-28 kanyekanye, futhi kwenye - kuphela 200.
Ukuze ilungiselelo eliqondile lamaqanda ku-incubator, kuyadingeka ukufaka amathrekhi engeziwe. Zingenziwa ezitokisini zamasitolo amaqanda e-qua, zihlukaniswe zibe yizicucu ezimbili futhi zishise umgodi phansi kwekhefu ngalinye (ungenza futhi isipikili esishisayo).
Ukukhiqizwa nokuphila kwesilinganiso sezilwane ezincane ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekulandeleni imodi yokufakelwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo zalolu hlelo.
Sizohlaziya ngezigaba: Isigaba 1 - isikhathi "sokuthula". Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqanda akufanele aguqulwe noma ahlahlwe. Isigaba 2 - isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-15 zokufakelwa, kufanele uqale ukuguqula amaqanda ukuze umbungu ungabambeli kwigobolondo. Isigaba 3 - isikhathi sokuhoxiswa. Izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba izinkukhu zivele, yeka ukuguqula amaqanda bese uwasabalalisa kancane ngokukhululekile. Ezinsukwini zamuva, ungakwazi ukufuthola amaqanda ngesandla ngesibhamu se-spray ukwandisa umswakama.
Perepelik vyklevyvayutsya zingakapheli amahora angu-4-6. Ngemuva kokubeletha, udinga ukulinda kuze kube khona amatshwane asomile, bese esetshenziselwa ukufudumala okushisa nokukhipha imithi.
Kubalulekile!Kungenzeka ukubeka amaqanda amasha amahora amabili kuphela emva kokuqothula amatshwele kanye nokucwiliswa okulandelayo.
Ukukhulisa
Manje sibheka imithetho yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwezigwaca ekhaya. Ama-nestlings ahlukene ngamaqembu ahlukene awahlanganisani, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuwagcina ebhokisini elifanayo.
Ngemva kokuqeda, izigwaca zisuswa i-brooder - ibhokisi elinomshini wokushisa kagesi. Isimo esibalulekile sokukhula sigcina izinga lokushisa olufunayo (+ 35-40 ° C), elinikezwa izibani zomoya noma izibani ze-incandescent. Ukugcina amandla kagesi kanye nezibani ze-fluorescent akufanele ukushisa. Kusukela ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili bese kuphele ngolweshumi nesikhombisa, izinga lokushisa liye lancipha kancane kancane kufika ku-30 ° C. Kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-17 ukuya kwezingu-28 izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-25ºC. Gcina umswakama ngaphakathi kwama-50-60%, akunakwenzeka ukugcina izigwaca ezindaweni ezinamanzi.
Kubalulekile! Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa ngendlela yamaphephandaba kanye nezinye izinto zokukhiqiza eziqukethe ukuhola. Uma kungenjalo, amatshwele azofa kungakapheli isonto.
Ubukhulu bebhokisi lokwenza izigwaca ezingu-20 zilandelayo: ubude obuyi-65 cm, ububanzi buyi-35 cm. Iphansi kusuka egridini elifakwe eceleni elingu-5 mm nge 10 mm (noma 10 mm nge 10 mm). Izibani zokushisa zimiswe okwesikhashana ku-12-15 cm ukusuka phansi. Ebhokisini udinga ukufaka isiphuzo sokuphuza kanye ne-thermometer. Ngaphansi komklamo uhambisana ne-pallet yokuqoqa udoti. Kubalulekile ukuthi imfucumfucu ayiqongeleli ebhokisini ngokwalo, njengoba izidumbu zizobeletha kuzo, kanti amatshwele azoqala ukulimaza. Ukukhuphula amatshwele aneziphambeko nezifo kumele kuhlukaniswe nempilo enempilo.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukwandisa indawo ebhokisini, ungakhohlwa ngokunyuka kwenani labashisayo!
Ezinsukwini ezingu-4 zokuqala, phansi kwekhasi / ibhokisi udinga ukubeka indwangu yesikhumba bese uyishintsha nsuku zonke ukuze ama-microorganisms aqale kuwo. Uma ingenhla engavimba ingavaliwe, ama-quails angawela emigodini bese elimala. Ngeviki lokuqala, ukudla kusetshenziswa umxhasi wokudla (ukujula kwayo akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka 2 cm.).
Manje sichaza izici ezibalulekile zokunakekela izinkukhu:
- Amanzi esitsheni sokuphuza kufanele ashintshwe okungenani kabili ngosuku;
- I-feeder ihlanzwa ngemuva kokondliwa ngalunye;
- Kudingekile ukuhlinzeka amaphuphu ngokufinyelela njalo kwamanzi nokudla.
Imodi yokukhanyisa
Lapho kuzaliswa izinhlobo ze-oviparous, ukuhlinzekwa nxazonke newashi kunikezwa izinyanga ezingu-2. Uma ubeletha izinhlobo zezinyamazane, khona-ke isikhathi sokuqala senyukela ezinyangeni ezingu-3. Ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi esifanele, isikhathi sokukhanya sinciphisa sibe ngu-17 h.
Lapho izigwaca zinenyanga eyodwa ubudala, zifakwe ku-bird enkulu. Qinisekisa ukuthi ayikho "impi yokulwa", ngaphandle kwalokho izigwaca ezincane zingase zife.
Izimo zekhoyili
Kunezidingo eziningana, ukugcwaliseka kwalokho kuzosiza ukugcina kahle izinyoni nokugcina impilo yabo evamile.
Izidingo zegumbi
Izigwaca ezivuthiwe zifakwe emabhokisini ezenziwe ngamakhadibhodi noma plywood. Ikhetho elihle kakhulu liyoba yindawo yokugwazela izigwaca ezinamazinga alandelayo: 130-150 sq cm umuntu oyedwa. Izibopho kufanele zenziwe ezindongeni lapho izigwaca zingafinyelela khona ukudla kanye namanzi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba unakekele ukungabi khona kwemidwebo. Uma izigwaza zaqala ukuwa amaphuphu - lokhu kuyisignali enkulu ukuthi udinga ukususa isikhala kwenye indawo.
Ukukhanyisa kuyisici esibalulekile samakhola uma kugcinwa ekhaya. Ukukhanya kufanele kube okulinganayo. Ubude bokukhanya kwama-quail phakathi kwama-egg-laying ngamahora angu-15 kuya kwangu-17. Ukuqina okukhanyayo akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-4 W nge-1 imitha yesikwele. Ekhanyeni elikhanyayo, ukuziphatha kwezigwaca kunesabeka kakhulu: izinyoni zihlakulela futhi zilwa.
Kubalulekile! Ukushisa akufanele kufakwe phakathi kwegumbi ukugwema ukulimala nokushisa. Kuvinjelwe futhi ukusebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent.
Ekamelweni lapho ibhokisi limi khona, umswakama kufanele ube ngu-55 kuya ku-70%. Ukushisa uma ukugcina izigwaca ekhaya akufanele kudlule 15-25 ° C.
Ukudla kwe-quil
Isilwane sondla kufanele sibe izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Izingxenye zabo kufanele zibe ne-feed ngezinhlamvu ezincane noma ezichotshoziwe. Imifino namaqanda wanezelwa ekudleni. Abondla nabaphuza baphakanyiswa ngaphandle kwebhokisi ukuze izinyoni zikwazi ukufinyelela mahhala kubo. Amanzi ashintsha kanye ngosuku noma lapho ebonakala ekhanya. Umkhombe wokuphuza ngokwawo kufanele ube ne-disinfected izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Izitsha zokuphuza kufanele zenziwe nge-Ukufudumala ukuze amanzi atshiswe ekamelweni lokushisa. Ezitolo ungathenga ukudla okukhethekile kwezigwaca, ezicebile amavithamini namaminerali. Ungasebenzisa ngendlela yokudla kanye nemifino enjalo:
- Beet. Le mifuno iqukethe ushukela oluningi (ama-calories) namavithamini esiza ukuthuthukiswa kwezigwaca nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa izifo. Esikhathini sokudla kwemifino kunikezwa ngendlela ye-porridge.
- Izaqathe Iqukethe i-carotene ne-vitamin A, enhle izinkukhu.
- Iklabishi Iqukethe i-vitamin B ne-calcium. I-calcium iqinisa amathambo namajoyini, ivimbela imifino ukuba ingaphumeleli.
- Amazambane Iqukethe inani elikhulu le-starch, elibuyisela amandla kahle.
I-Cottage ushizi kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokufaka isicelo - umthombo ongaxhunyiwe wephrotheni.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ezinye izitshalo noma izithelo ngendlela yokudla kwezinkukhu, qiniseka ukuthi akulimazi.
Ukukhipha ukushisa nokuhlanza
Emabhokisini kufanele ahlanzwe ngokujwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Umshini kufanele uhlale unomile futhi ungabi nephunga elimnandi (kufanele lishintshwe okungenani kanye ngosuku). Ukuqeda ama-ectoparasites, ahlala emagqabeni ezinyoni nasesikhumba, kufanele ufake isitsha esincane sesihlabathi. Ukugeza kuwo, le nyoni iyakhipha ama-parasites ngendlela engokwemvelo.
Emva kokugeza kufanele uhlole isitsha sokuba khona kwamaqanda. Ezingxenyeni zamabhokisi, ngokuvamile, izinsalela zokudla nezinyoni zezinyoni zigcwala. Lokhu kuholela ekwandiseni amabhaktheriya ayingozi. Ngemuva kokuhlanza amacembe, kufanele ahlungwe nge-disinfectant. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nale mithetho kusongela izifo noma ngisho nokufa kwezinyoni zakho.
Izikhukhula zokubeletha ngumsebenzi othakazelisayo odinga isikhathi esiningi nesifiso. Imizamo yakho iyokhokhela inzalo, ngoba ngeke uthole uhlobo oluthakazelisayo lwezinyoni, kodwa futhi nomkhiqizo obalulekile ngendlela yokudla okunamafutha namaqanda aphilile.
