I-tropical exotic endlini - i-orchid ebomvu kakhulu

Akumangalisi ama-orchid abhekwa njengezimbali zobukhosi. Eyaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwazo namanje izitshalo ezinezimbali ezibomvu. Lelimbali lizohlobisa noma yikuphi okuphakathi futhi kuyoba isipho esihle kumuntu osondelene nomuntu othandekayo.

Ngokwemvelo, umbala obomvu wama-orchid awuvamile - ikakhulukazi zonke izinhlobo ezibomvu zenziwe ngokukhetha. Sizokhuluma ngezici ezikhethekile zokukhula kwezimbali ezinjalo esihlokweni sethu. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Iyini le mbali?

Ngomqondo ongokwemvelo, i-Orchids, noma i-Orchids, noma i-Orchids (i-Orchidáceae), ingumndeni wezitshalo kusukela ku-Asparagaceae yohlelo. Lena umndeni wasendulo owavela eMhlabeni esikhathini seLate Cretaceous. Emcimbini ovame ukwamukelwa walokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-orchid - lokhu kuyimigomo eminingi yama-Orchids, ngokuvamile kaningi uhlobo lwe-Phalaenopsis, iDendrobium, Izinkomo. Ingabe kukhona ama-orchid obomvu, nokuthi abukeka kanjani - sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.

Ukubukeka

Izitshalo, izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe kakhulu zimelelwa yimifino ekhula njalo. Imbali yikona okugxilwe ekuqaphelweni kwabaklami bezwe, abalimi bezimbali nabalimi.

Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo ze-orchid kuba khona kwezimpande zangaphakathi.. Bamba umswakama emoyeni, bahlanganyele ngamaqabunga ekusebenzeni kwe-photosynthesis futhi basize isitshalo ukuba sibe namandla kule substrate.

Isithombe

Bheka ama-orchid anombala obomvu:

I-Sorta

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezibomvu zokukhanya okuhlukile.. Kuzo izinhlobo ze-falenposis ezibomvu zezimbali ezihlukahlukene:

• Pink
• Anastasia.
• Abantura Bellinzona.
• Abantura Montreux.
• Abantura Marseille.
• I-Big Smile, njll.

Phakathi kwezimbali ezibomvu ze-cambria zivelele:

• I-Colmanara Massai Red.
• I-Colmanara Wildcat Bobcat.
• I-Wilsonara Firecracker Red, njll.

Umlando we-Inference

Ama-orchids aziwa uyise ka-botanist uTheophrastus - emibhalweni yakhe wachaza izinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo. Ukukhuluma ngabo kungatholakala kuma-Aztec, Meyi, amaShayina, amaJapane, nezinye izizwe eziningi.

Imizamo yokukhulelwa kanye nokuhlonyiswa yaqala cishe eminyakeni eyi-17-18. I-hybrid yokuqala yakwazi ukuletha uJohn Ceden ngo-1875. Ama-hybrids ayisisekelo ambalwa adalwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kuwo wonke ama-century, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuzalanisa zenziwa kabusha. Ababelethi bafuna ukubunjwa okungavamile nemibala.

Njengamanje, izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene zikhonjiswa. Ukubunzima ekukhethweni kubangela ukuthi ubuhlungu befomu abuyitholakale futhi kungenzeka ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukulungisa izici ezidingekayo esizukulwaneni.

Ukunakekela

Ama-orchid abomvu angathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwaKodwa-ke, nabo banomkhawulo wabo wokukhanyisa okukhulu, izinga lokushisa elincane kanye nokuchelela. Qaphela ukuthi kulula, futhi ngisho nomlimi oqalayo angakwazi ukuphatha ukunakekelwa kwala ma-orchid.

Ukukhanyisa

Ama-orchid abomvu yizitshalo ezinothando. Amafasitela aseNyakatho angeke afane nawo. Noma kunjalo, akufanele kubekwe ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga - amaqabunga nezimbali zingathola ukushisa kwelanga. Indawo enhle yiwindi elisempumalanga noma eliseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ngokuntuleka kwamaqabunga okukhanyisa kuzolahlekelwa ukukhanya kwawo.

Ibhodi: Ebusika, ungasebenzisa isibani se-fluorescent ukwandisa amahora okukhanya.

Ukushisa

Ngokomlando, ama-orchid ayizitshalo ezithisayo nezishisayo, nakuba sezijwayele izimo zesimo sezulu saseRussia.. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa elikhulu liguquguquka cishe ngama-degree angu -25 ngokushintshashintsha kwama-3 degrees kuzo zombili izinkomba.

Ukushisa kwebusuku akumelwe kube ngaphansi kwezingxenye ze-+18, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuba ushiye ama-orchid abomvu efasiteleni ebusika - izinga lokushisa liwehla ebhodini elibandayo.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Izitshalo zibekezelela ukuma ngenxa yezimpande zangaphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukushiya i-orchid ebomvu ngaphandle kwamanzi nhlobo. Ehlobo nasesimo sezulu esishisayo, ukuchelela kwenziwa njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-5, ebusika, futhi ngesikhathi sokuphumula - kanye ngesonto.

Ukunisela imbali kungcono ekuseni.. Amanzi kufanele ahlukaniswe ekamelweni lokushisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukugcina izinga lomswakama ngokusitshala isitshalo ebhodleleni leprayipi noma ukulifaka ebhodweni ngetayitela elithile elondolozwa ngayo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ama-orchid abomvu kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokugqoka:

• impande;
• foliar.

Umanyolo womsuka uyasetshenziswa kaningi. Kukhona umanyolo okhethekile wama-orchid ezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezahlukene.. Umanyolo ovamile uma usetshenziselwa ukuhlanjululwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ukuvimbela ukushiswa kwesistimu. Ukugqoka ama-foliar kusetshenziswa lapho uhlelo lwempande lonakalisiwe, kanye ne-chlorosis ne-fluoride. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa amaqabunga nezimpande zomhlaba.

Izitshalo azivunyelwe ngezimbali namafihlekile. Uhlobo ngalunye lokudla lusetshenziswa ngokwehlukana. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa zombili izinhlobo zomanyolo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Ukufakelwa

Njengoba uhlelo lwempande luqala, ama-orchid abomvu adinga ukufakwa ngezikhathi ezithile, esikhundleni se-substrate. Isitshalo esidala sitshalwe njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili emva kokutshala, okuncane nokukhula - kanye ngonyaka.

Izigaba zokufakelwa kabusha:

1. Ukukhethwa kwesitsha esilula noma ebhodweni, mhlawumbe ngethreyi.
2. Ukulungiselela i-substrate - ungayithenga esitolo noma uzilungiselele. I-substrate eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yenziwe ngamapulangwe emithi, i-peat, amalahle ne-sphagnum).
3. I-substrate ifakwa kwisitsha esilungisiwe se-2/3, esishiya indawo yezimpande.
4. Imbali, kanye nesistimu yezimpande, isusiwe esitsheni esidala, i-substrate isusiwe, izimpande zihlolwa. Uma kunesidingo, unqume izimpande ezindala nezomile.
5. Lesi sitshalo sifakwa esitsheni esisha futhi sishiye izinsuku ezimbalwa ngendlela yokulondoloza - endaweni evulekile ngokuphuza okulodwa ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokufakelwa kokutshala.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo yokufakelwa i-orchid:

Ukuzala

I-orchid ingahle isakazwe besebenzisa izinqubo zemifino. Ngokuvamile zakhiwa emva kokuchichima.

Lesi sitshalo, esilungiselela ukwanda, sidluliselwa esimweni esinomfudumalo nesomuncu. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezendlalelo kanye nokubonakala kwazo kwezimpande ezimbili noma ezintathu zomoya emoyeni kanye namaqabunga, zithinteka esitshalweni somama bese zifakwa esitsheni esisha.

Izinambuzane nezifo

• Isivakashi esingavumelekile njalo isicabucabu. Umsebenzi walo uboniswa ukubonakala kwesigubhu sesiliva emaqabunga angaphandle namachashazi amnyama amnyama ngaphakathi. Ukulwa nemikhaza kuyenziwa ngezigaba eziningana - kwandisa umswakama, ukuphatha lesi sitshalo ngokwawo kanye nomakhelwane bawo ngezindlela ezivela ku-spider mite.
• Misa ama-orchid abomvu futhi ukutheleleka kwe-fungal - ukukhula nezindawo ezinemibala, ukumnyama kwamaqabunga kanye nezimpande zomoya kubonisa ukuhlasela ngefungi. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphulwa kombuso wokunisela. Ekulweni nomkhuhlane, isitshalo kumele sitshalwe endaweni entsha, ehlanzekile esigabeni sokugcina sokwelashwa.
• Izinambuzane zikhona i-aphid, i-whitefly, izihlangu. Ukulwa nabo kwehlela ekubhujisweni kwamaqanda ezinambuzane kanye nokususwa kwezigaba ezindala nezivunguvungu.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nezinambuzane nezifo zama-orchids:

Isiphetho

Ama-orchids akulula ukuwakhathalela, futhi ukulula kwawo nobuhle bazohlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isinqumo senzani. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, i-phalaenopsis isikhathi eside sicela ijubane nezimbali zalo.