I-prickly plum, iphinda iphendukele (imelwe njenge-shrub noma imithi ephansi) - enye yezitshalo ezizithandayo zabalimi abaningi. Inempahla eminingi ewusizo, okuyinto, noma kunjalo, kude nomuntu wonke uyazi. Isibonelo, ameva asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sohudo, kanti izimbali zalo zinomphumela ohlukile futhi zisetshenziswa njenge-laxative. I-decoction yameva kanye nezimpande zayo i-antipyretic enhle kakhulu, futhi i-decoction yamaqabunga inika umphumela wokudla. Indlela yokutshala isitshalo esinjalo esimangalisayo? Mayelana nalokhu uzofunda kulesi sihloko.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokumisa ameva endaweni yami
I-plunk eyigugu iyahlukaniswa nokungazithobeki kwayo ngokwemibandela yokukhula, kodwa ukufika kweminzwa kudinga umhlaba omanzi, ovundile nge-pH engekho hlangothi. Okukhethiwe endaweni yokutshala kufanele kube endaweni enelanga noma emthunzini owodwa, kanti amahlumela atshalwe kude no-1-2m kusuka komunye nomunye.
Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi akudingi kakhulu futhi kungakhula ngempumelelo emhlabathini onesihlabathi, owomile ngisho nosawoti. Ibuye ibekezelele kalula ukukhukhula kwentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo zeplamu e-spiny ziqukethe ushukela, i-acids ephilayo, i-tannic, i-pectin, i-aromatic and coloring matter, kanye namavithamini weqembu C no-P.Izitshalo ezikhulayo ezinhlabathini ezinzima noma ezingaphezu kwesikhumba zingabangela ukulimala kwesithwathwa, nakuba ngisho nokuphenduka okufriziwe kuvuselelwa ngokushesha.
Indawo yokutshala ilungiselela isonto ngaphambi kokutshala. Umquba, i-urea, i-humus kanye nomlotha uyangena emigodini. Uma kunesidingo, ungangeza i-lime encane, uhlanganise ngokucophelela ingxube. Ngokuphathelene nendawo ethize, i-turn turns inzwa cishe nganoma yikuphi ingxenye yensimu, kodwa kaningi kaningi itshalwe nxazonke njengengcingo.Uma ungazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani umthombo entwasahlobo, kuzomele uqonde lokho ukuhlwanyela imbewu noma ukutshala izithombo kumele kube semhlabathini ongaphambi kokukhulelwa (i-1 sq. m ngayinye ye-8 kg yama-humus noma u-10 kg we-compost, no-15-20 g we-urea exutshwe no-½ indebe yomlotha).
Indlela yokunakekela ameva
Uma ufuna ukuthola uthango oluhle noma usebenzise isitshalo njengethuluzi lokuphulukisa, ukunakwa okufanele kufanele kukhokhwe ekutshalweni okuphezulu nokunakekela ameva. Amaphuzu abaluleke kunazo zonke aphuza, efaka umquba kanye nokusika umthola.
Uyazi? Uma ubhekisela emibhalweni yesandla yasendulo kanye nezinganekwane, khona-ke uzofunda amagama ambalwa amameva. Ngaphakathila marekhodi kubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhwabanisa" noma "isifo esiyisijeziso." Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi kwakuvela emagatsheni akhe umqhele kaKristu wenziwa.
Ukuphuza nokufaka umquba
Emva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze kakhulu futhi esivumelwaneni esiseduzane sokunyathela inhlabathi ngezinyawo zakho. Uma umhlaba omanzi uphazamisa impande ngokuqinile, izithombo ziyoba nethuba elingcono lokuhlehlisa phansi. Isikhathi sokuqala isitshalo siphuziswa njalo emva kwamasonto amabili, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga okuqala evela kuwo, futhi izihlahla zikhula, inani lamanzi afuna ukunciphisa.
Uma kushisa kakhulu, khona-ke ijika kufanele liphuze kaningi, kodwa kuphela kuze kuphele ukushisa. Umsebenzi obalulekile ukukhulelwa kwezihlahla ezinameva. Ngakho-ke, ngokulimala okuningi, abalimi njalo ngonyaka benza izimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi nezimila ezihlahleni emthini, futhi ubuso bomhlabathi buhlanganisiwe. Omdala isitshalo, lapho sidinga ukondla okwengeziwe.
Ukusika izihlahla ze-blackthorn
Ukunciphisa kuvame ukuqhutshwa entwasahlobo. KuMashi ukuthi amagatsha omile nesifo anqunywe futhi anika isitshalo isimo esifisa. Uma sicabangela ukuthi leli phuzu liyakwazi ukuqina, kufanele linciphwe njalo, futhi uma sikhuluma ngesihlahla, ama-4-5 amagatsha athela kahle asele esitshalweni. Okuthakazelisayo ikakhulukazi ukubunjwa kwehlathi ngokusho kohlobo lwesitsha, lapho ngonyaka wokuqala ingxenye yehlathi engenhla isinqunywe ngokuphakama kwama-30-50 cm, kanti ngonyaka wesibili kuphela amahlumela anamandla kakhulu ahlelwe, ahlelwe engqungqutheleni.
Kubalulekile! Uma ususa wonke amagatsha, ushiya ihlumela elilodwa kuphela, ngokushesha uzothola isihlahla esikhundleni sesihlahla.Ukutshala ama-thola ekwindla kuhilela ukunciphisa amahlumela okude kakhulu futhi asuse amagatsha akhula kakhulu ehlathini.
Indlela yokwandisa ijika
Ungakwazi ukwandisa ukuphenduka ngezindlela ezahlukene, kodwa akuzona zonke ezilula ukusebenzisa. Ake sihlele ngalunye ngalunye.
Inzalo yomsuka
Indlela elula yokusakaza isitshalo. Izimpande zinezimpande zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela esitshalweni somzali futhi zatshalwe emigodini elungiselelwe ngaphambili ebangeni eliphakathi kwe-1-2m ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ungahlwanyela izitshalo kanye nenhlamba, kepha-ke kuzodingeka ukuthi uphumule emva kokuqala kwe-fruiting.
Imbewu
Inkathi ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuhlwanyela imbewu kuqala ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho bahlukaniswa khona no-pulp futhi bafakwa emhlabathini. Nokho, ukufika kungenziwa entwasahlobo. Kudingeka ukhiphe imbewu ezitshalweni, futhi emva kokuqhathaniswa kokuqala (ukulungiselela, okubandakanya ukubeka imbewu endaweni ebandayo noma emswakama), uhlwanyele emhlabathini olungiselelwe.
Abanye balimi bakhulisa imbewu ensiphukheni yobusi (cishe amahora angu-12), bese betshalwa ku-7 cm. Emva komanyolo olandelayo, lapho izithombo zineziqabunga ezingu-2-3, zingadonsa futhi ziqedwe izimpande zompompi (kwezinye izimo, kuphela amathiphu izimpande).
Cuttings
Ukusika kungenye indlela yokusakazwa kwemifino, lapho amahlumela aqoshiwe asetshenziswa njengezinto zokutshala.
Kubalulekile! Esibambeni kufanele okungenani kube nezinso ezinempilo ezinhlanu.Entwasahlobo, ama-cuttings afakwa esitsheni esinomsoco futhi abekwe ku-abamba ukushisa noma ama-greenhouse. Ngenkathi yehlobo bavuthwa futhi banondliwa ngamanyolo, futhi ngokuwa bayathola izithombo ezinhle kakhulu ngezimpande ezithuthukile.
Inoculation
Inketho engcono kakhulu yokuzalisa okunjalo ukuxhunyelelwa kwi-rootstocks e-hardy. Ukukhetha ukuthi yini ongayifaka kulokhu, okokuqala kufanele uqaphele izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi nezinhlobo ezilinywayo.
Uma kuzalana ngalendlela kubalulekile ukukhulisa isitshalo sembewu kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo eziningi zameva. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwizimbewu ezinjalo kwandisa ubunzima bebusika obuhlukahlukene.
Ukuze uthole izimpande ezikhulayo, imbewu ithathwe izithelo ezivuthiwe ezingenakunyakaziswa yizifo nezinambuzane. Ngemuva kokuqoqa imbewu, bahlanza u-pulp, bahlanza futhi banamanzi emanzini ama-3-4, ukuxuba nsuku zonke nokuguqula amanzi.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo zameva
Amajikijolo enameva asetshenziselwa izinhloso zezokwelapha. Bakwazi ukwandisa ukudla, basize ukuqeda indigestion, kuhle kakhulu indima ye-diuretic. Izidakamizwa ezivela ezitshalweni zenza isimiso sezinzwa, futhi ngesimo se-lotions nokucindezeleka sisetshenziselwa ukutholakala kwamavithamini, izifo zesikhumba ze-pustular.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza ijusi kusuka ku-sloe (ngokucindezela u-pulp), futhi ngemva kokubilisa, gcwalisa okhiye bese uyisebenzisa ebusika ukuze ungcwatshe impumputhe noma unqande imimoya ye-nosebleeds. Ngokuvamile zibopha umphimbo nomlomo wezifo zamazinyo kanye ne-catarrhal.
Izimpande, amagxolo kanye nezinkuni ezincane zalesi sitshalo zinomphumela we-pathogenic ne-antipyretic. Amagxolo omhluzi asetshenziselwa i-malaria kanye ne-erysipelas yesikhumba. Futhi kufanelekile ukuba uhlanganise ne-belyah.
Uyazi? EGibhithe, eNhlonhlweni yeSinayi, i-blackthorn edume kakhulu ikhula ngaphandle kwezindonga zaseSt. Catherine's Monastery. Amasiko eTestamente Elidala athi kuMose, owabalekela eGibhithe, uNkulunkulu wabonakala ngokuqondile emfuleni ovuthayo.
Indlela yokuqoqa nokuvuna ijika
I-Blackthorn ingenye yalezo zitshalo, zonke izingxenye zazo ezingasetshenziswa ngezinhloso zokwelapha. Amahlamvu, izithelo, izimpande ngisho nengqimba engenhla yamagxolo asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole imithi, kubalulekile ukulungisa kahle zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukubuza ukuthi ungomisa kanjani ikhaya. Okokuqala, amaqabunga, izimbali, amajikijolo, izithelo nezimpande kufanele ziqoqwe kahle.
Njengoba isitshalo somuthi, ijika liqala ukuqoqa entwasahlobo, ngokubonakala kwezimbali zokuqala esihlahleni. Izimbali eziqoqiwe kanye nezimbali ezivulekile zimile endaweni enomthunzi (zisakazwa ngendwangu elincanyana ephepheni noma ngendwangu), okungcono ekuhlelweni. Ngemva kwalokho, zifakwa egumbini lamakilasi noma e-tin, zivaliwe zivaliwe futhi zithunyelwe endaweni emnyama yokugcina, zivusa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Amaqabunga e-Blackthorn aqala ukuvuna maphakathi nehlobo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba lesi sitshalo siphelile. Ukumiswa nokugcinwa kwazo kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nokulungiselela izimbali.
Amahlumela amancane namagatsha avunwa ngoMeyi-Juni, abese omisiwe ngokuphelele emthunzini, emoyeni noma emoyeni ovulekile, endaweni enomoya omuhle. Zigcinwe ngezibopho zonyaka owodwa.
Ukulungiselela izimpande kufanele kuhlehliselwe kuze kube sekwindla. Kule nkathi lapho zisuswe kahle kakhulu emhlabathini. Zisuswa enhlabathini, zihlanziwe emanzini abandayo bese zigacekile, bese zishiywa ukuze zivuthwe emoyeni futhi ekugcineni zomiswe ngokuphelele emahhavini noma omiswe. Amagxolo asusiwe esihlahleni ngaphambi kokusila. Okokuqala, yomekile emoyeni (lokhu kuphela amasonto ambalwa), emva kwalokho, njengezimpande, yomisiwe kuhhavini.
Izimpande namagxolo ezinameva zingagcinwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3, kuyilapho izithelo, izimbali namaqabunga zifanelekile kuphela ngonyaka. Amajikijolo enameva avuna njengoba evuthwa, kodwa kungcono ukwenza lo msebenzi ngemuva kweqhwa lokuqala. Zigcinwa bese zisetshenziselwa ukuvuna okusha.
Amathuna angasetshenziselwa uhlobo olomile kuphela, kodwa futhi angasetshenziswa. Ukwenza lokhu, bahlungwa futhi bathelwa emiphongolweni yokhuni, ukumbozwa phezulu ngendwangu emanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela emineni kuvela ujamu omuhle kakhulu, i-jelly, i-compotes ne-jam. Izinto eziqediwe eziphelile zigcinwe endaweni eyomile, enomoya omuhle.
Ukomisa ameva sebenzisa izindlela zokupheka eziningana. Isibonelo zingabe zomile njengemibandela yemvelo (Yebo, ngesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu) ngakho ngosizo lommeli oshiwo kakade, lapho ijika lime khona ekushiseni kwama-45 kuya kuma-50 ° C ngamahora angu-6-7. Ungasebenzisa futhi ihhavini noma isitofu esivuthayo sokumisa, okuyinto efika ku-40 ° C. Kulesi simo, inqubo yokomisa izohlala cishe amahora angu-12. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuhanjiswa komzimba, ungavula umnyango we-ovini noma uphakamise ukuphawula kwesitofu.
Kubalulekile! Umthamo wokunciphisa womkhiqizo ungaphansi kokuphindwe izikhathi ezine ngokuphathelene nezithelo ezintsha.Ukuvuna ameva ebusika kuzokuvumela ukuba ubeke amavithamini okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi awusizo emzimbeni lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibanda.
Izakhiwo eziyingozi zokujika
Naphezu kwazo zonke izakhiwo eziwusizo, kufanele kuqashelwe, futhi ukuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwamameva. Okokuqala, ukuzwela komuntu ngamunye izithelo zesitshalo. Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ngisho nezithelo ezivuthiwe zingaba ne-pulp kuphela. Amathambo aqukethe ubuthi obuqinile kakhulu, ngakho konke okutholakala ukudla okusemathinini ngamathambo angeke kugcinwe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa - isikhathi esiningi, ubuthi obuvela kubo buzoshintshela kumajikijolo ngokwawo.
Kanti akunakwenzeka ukuba ungacabangi iqiniso lokuthi ameva angcono kakhulu futhi anzima, ngakho-ke kungalimaza abantu abane-stomach acid ephezulu (kubhekwe ne-gastritis noma izilonda). Ngaphezu kwalokho, banemibala enamandla, yingakho kungabangela ukusabela kokugula. Ungayisebenzisi kabi kabi inani lamajikijolo, njengoba imikhiqizo emihle yokucubungula ameva ingaholela esisindo esinamandla, futhi inani elikhulu lamajikijolo amasha lidabulisa isisu.
