I-Nasturtium - imbiza enemibala ekhanyayo. Indawo yaseNasturtium - eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi. Emvelweni, kwaziwa izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zalesi sitshalo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-nasturtium
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi: I-Canary Nasturtium ubukeka njengomvini, uqubule kumamitha amane ubude. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngoJune futhi siqhakaze kuze kuDisemba. Izimbali zalo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, zifana nenyoni.
I-Big nasturtium - I-shrub enamaqabunga amakhulu ngesimo sesihlangu, esineziqu ezincane ezikhula ngamamitha amathathu. Ikhula kusukela ephakathi kwehlobo kuze kuNovemba.
I-nasturtium encane. Igama likhuluma ngokwalo - ububanzi bezimbali abukho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm, iziqu zikhula zibe ngu-35 cm.
Umbono we-Shchitonosny. Amahlumela alezi zilwane akhula afike ku-4 m. Le nasturtium iqhuma ngoJuni ngezimbali ezibomvu.
I-Nasturtium ye-Cultural etholakala ngokuwela i-large and shield-bearing, ngezinye izikhathi ezinwabuzelayo futhi ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezingavamile kunazo zonke embala nokukhanya:
"Vesuvius" - ama-shrub ahlukahlukene, izimbali eziqhakazile ze-coral, ngezinye izikhathi umbala uphendukela ku-orange, nge-bright splashes ebomvu emagumbini.
"Ubusuku nemini" - shrub low. Izimbali zi-ayisikhilimu futhi zibomvu, ikakhulukazi zibukeka zihle kakhulu ngemuva kwesizinda samahlamvu aluhlaza.
"Cherry Rose". Izimbali zeTerry, zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu obomvu, ziphenduke zibe yizinyosi ezimhlophe.
"Terry mix". Izimbali ze-terry, zinezicucu ezibomvu ezibomvu nezibomvu nezicayi. I-shrub ikhula kuze kube nguhhafu wemitha ende.
Alaska. Amahlamvu alo mbala we-martial nasturtium unombala omhlophe. Umbala wezimpaphe uphuzi, u-orange nokubomvu.
"Yeti". Amahlumela ale nasturtium akhula amamitha amabili ubude. Izimbali zinobucwebe ezimhlophe neziphuziphuzi eziphuzi maphakathi ne-petal.
Uyazi? E-America esikhathini esandulela iColombia, izizwe zamaNdiya asePeru naseChile zasebenzisa futhi zaphakamisa i-nasturtium ukudla. Lezi kwakuyizinhlobo ze-nasturtium ezihlala zine-tuber-bearing and thin-leaf.
Ukulima nokukhathalela
Esikhathini sethu sezulu, i-nasturtium ikhule njengesitshalo sonyaka. Ungasheshi ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-nasturtium, ngokushesha nje entwasahlobo. Imifula yomswakama ayiyona into engavamile esimweni sethu sezulu, kanti izithombo zesitshalo esithisa ukushisa ngeke zisinde. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ze-nasturtium ngo-Ephreli.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokufika endaweni ye-nasturtium nokukhanyisa
I-Nasturtium ithanda ukukhanya, ukushisa futhi ayibekezelele ukushisa okushisa. Ngakho-ke, khetha isakhiwo ngaphansi kwelanga noma i-penumbra ekhanyayo, enezindlu zokuhlala ezikhungweni - lokhu kuyoba indawo engcono ukutshala i-nasturtium ezweni. Ukuze uthole umvini okhulayo kunesidingo sokusekelwa, okuzobe ubambelele kuso, isibonelo, ucingo, ucingo, udonga lwe-arbor.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala
Ukuze i-nasturtium, ukutholakala komhlabathi ngokweqile kwama-fertilizer eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi umquba omusha, awufisi. Emhlabathini ompofu, ongahlwanyelwe we-nasturtium zezimbali, asikwazi ukulinda, ngisho nekhava lekhasi lizocaca futhi lingavamile. Inhlabathi enamandla yobumba ayifanele. I-Nasturtium ine-root system, ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokukhanya kwayo, inhlabathi encane ene-acidic ene-drainage enhle. Ukuze uthuthukise izici ze-granulometric zenhlabathi, engeza isanti kuwo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukuphuza nokuphuza
Ukunisela nokudliwa kwama-nasturtiums akunazo zokupheka eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukuze ukondle izitshalo kufanelekile ukondla nge potassium ne-phosphorus. Ideal - superphosphate, ihlanjululwa emanzini. Nakuba lo manyolo kunzima ukuhlunga, kodwa kuleli fomu i-nasturtium ithatha kangcono. Izitshalo eziqukethe inani elincane le-nitrogen zifanelekile. Ukutshala i-nasturtium kunconywa kanye ngenyanga.
Isitshalo esidala sithanda ukuchelela okulinganiselayo, futhi amahlumela amasha - okuvamile. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwe-nasturtium, kudinga ukuphuziswa kuphela lapho inhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhula ujikeleze isitshalo, ngakho ukhulule umhlabathi, uwugcwalise nge-oksijeni, nasturtium yamahhala kusuka kokhula.
Kuyathakazelisa Ekhulwini le-XVI, abapheki baseYurophu, abaqondi ngempela ukuthi yiyiphi i-nasturtium, bayinike igama - "amanzi e-watercress", ngoba afana nokunambitha.
Izinhlobo zokuzala
I-Nasturtium iyancipha kalula, okwenza ikhangele emehlweni abalimi. Lesi sitshalo singasakazwa yimbewu, isithombo kanye nokuhlanganiswa.
Izithombo zokuzala
Ukufeza izimbali zakuqala, i-nasturtium ikhule indlela yokutshala. Ngalokhu basebenzisa izinkomishi ze-peat. Ezinkomeni ezihlwanyelwe imbewu ezimbalwa zepeysi ingilazi eyodwa, ekujuleni okuncane. Ukushisa lapho izithombo zilindele ukutshala zikhona + 20-22 ºC.
Izinsuku zembewu
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Amahlumela avela emavikini amabili. Okudingekayo ukukhanya okuhle.
Imigomo yokutshala izithombo emhlabathini
Emasimini asetshalwe emhlabathini atshalwa ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba sinikezwe isimiso sezinto ezibuthakathaka esitshalweni, sitshala ndawonye ngezindwangu zomhlaba, hhayi ukudilika.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Cabanga indlela yokukhulisa i-nasturtium kusuka enzalweni. Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu kudingeka ugobe. Ngemuva kokuba sezikhulile, zihlwanyele ngendlela yokudoba: imbewu eziningana emgodini, kude no-30 cm. Emasontweni amabili, amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele. Ngenkathi izithombo zingakanikeli izimbali zokuqala, zidinga ukondliwa okungenani kathathu ngenyanga. Izinsuku zokufika
Emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa ngoMeyi. Uma ufuna izimbali ziqhakaze ngaphambi kokutshala, uthele amanzi ashisayo phezu kwenhlabathi.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Ukusika kwe-nasturtium nakho akulula. I-cuttings igxila ngokulinganayo kahle emanzini nasemhlabathini. Abasimili basebenzisa le ndlela lapho beza izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-terry. I-Nasturtium izohlala isikhathi eside, ngaphansi kokubusika ekhaya embizeni. Entwasahlobo ungayibhala. Sika isiqu ekhoneni bese uyibeka emanzini noma inhlanganisela yesihlabathi ne-peat. Lapho izimpande, uma isimo sezulu sivuma, ama-cuttings atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ngakanani futhi nini ukuqoqa imbewu
Imbewu ye-nasturtium ivuthwe ekupheleni kwenyanga nonyaka, ngemuva kokuchitha amacembe. Imbewu izungezwe umkhumbi ovikelayo. Uma ungadingi inani elikhulu lembewu yokutshala i-nasturtium, bese ufeza izimbali zivele nje, ngakho wandisa isikhathi sokumbali sesitshalo.
Qaphela! Kuyinto engathandeki ukuthi imbewu ikhule phansi. Lapho nje umbala wabo ovela eluhlaza ubumhlophe, basuswa ku-pedicle.
Imbewu eqoqwe ihlelwe ephepheni ukuze imiswe ekamelweni lokushisa. Uhlobo olulodwa lwe-nasturtium, imbewu yalo evunwayo isalokhu eluhlaza, i-nasturtium ene-curly. Imbewu yakhe yomile ezimweni ezipholile.
Izifo, izinambuzane nezindlela zokulwa nazo
I-flavour ethize ivimbela izinambuzane eziningi kusuka ku-nasturtium, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zihlasela isitshalo. Ukuze ulwe neklabishi izinambuzane nama-aphid, ungafafaza isitshalo ngomlotha ovamile. Njengoba i-nasturtium ash ayilimazi, inqubo ingabuyekezwa ukuze ivikeleke. Ukuphalaza utshwala ngamaphesenti angu-96% kusiza isicabucabu, kufanele ufeze inhlabathi nombumbi uma isitshalo simiswa.
Ngaphezu kwezinambuzane, i-nasturtium nezifo aziqinisekisiwe. Uma uqaphela ukuthi amaqabunga abuna futhi ahlanganiswe namabala asolisayo, isitshalo siyagula.
Ukulwa namagciwane, kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga abathintekayo, ukucubungula izixazululo ezihlukahlukene. Izidakamizwa zingaba ngamakhemikhali kanye nohlobo lwezinhlobo ze-bacteria. Lezi zinsuku zingcono kakhulu ngoba azilimazi abantu nezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nezinambuzane ezizuzayo (izinyosi).
Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-nasturtium
I-Nasturtium inomthamo omkhulu we-ascorbic acid, okwenza kube usizo ekulwa nokuvimbela amakhaza. Lesi sitshalo sine-sulfur ne-carotene, ewusizo ngenxa yezifo eziguga ezifana nesifo sofuba. I-potassium, i-iodine kanye ne-phosphorus ivuselela izinqubo zamagciwane, iqinise isimiso somzimba womzimba, futhi ibulale amabhaktheriya. Ngenxa yokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic, i-nasturtium iyasiza nge-influenza, i-bronchitis nezinye izifo zephefumula eliphezulu kanye nemaphaphu.
I-Nasturtium isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamatshe ezintsheni kanye ne-gallbladder, ngokuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes, ukucindezeleka, isisindo somuntu nesilisa. I-Decoction iyasiza nge-stomatitis nesifo somzimba. Iziphuzo zejusi zezifo zesikhumba. E-cosmetology ngokumelene nezinwele ukulahlekelwa sebenzisa amaqabunga e-leaf kanye no-alcohol tincture nge-nasturtium kanye nettletle.
Zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-nasturtium, ngaphandle kokuhlobisa ingadi nge-carpet enemibala, zinezinto eziwusizo. Iphunga elikhethekile lishaya izilokazane ezinambuzane futhi liheha izinambuzane ezivotela izitshalo nezitshalo.
