Izingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe yizona ezivame kakhulu ezweni lethu kuphela, kodwa emhlabeni wonke. Kusobala ukuthi lolu hlobo luheha abantu abanolwazi lwezingulube hhayi ngombala walo, kodwa ngezinkomba zalo zokusebenza. Namuhla, lezi zingulube zithandwa kakhulu ekuzaleni, ngoba zinamandla ezingeni lezakhi zofuzo ukugcina zonke izimfanelo zazo ezinhle kakhulu.
Umkhiqizo omuhle wegesi nokudla, ukuthukuthela nokuhlaziya okuphezulu kwezizukulwane kwenza ukugcinwa nokuzalanisa lezi zingulube ibhizinisi elizuzisa ngokwezomnotho eliheha abantu abavilaphayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezici zezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe, sinikeza ukufunda lesi sihloko ngezansi.
Ukuya ezingulube: imithetho yokukhetha abantu abanempilo
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni izingulube ukukhetha izingulube ezinempilo ezikhiqizayo, ngenxa yenzalo ongayithuthukisa ibhizinisi lakho lonke noma nje ukwandisa indlu yakho. Kulesi simo kunezimiso eziningana ezivunyelwe ngokuvamile eziphakanyiswe abalimi abanolwazi:
Ama-pigs avame ukudayiswa ngesikhathi seminyaka Inyanga eyodwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi bakwazi ukuzondla ngokwabo, ngokuvamile ngokudla okuvela emgodini. Uma kungenjalo, uzothola izinkinga eziningi ngezilwane ezitholiwe, ngisho nemiphumela engavamile yokubulala ingenzeka.
Ngakho-ke, kuzuzisa hhayi kuphela ukubuza umdayisi ngemininingwane mayelana nokuthi izikhumba zakhe zidla kanjani nokuthi yini, kepha futhi nokugcina inqubo yokudla okudinga kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuhle kakhulu uma isilwane sithatha futhi sidla ukudla ngomlomo.
Uma inqubo yokudla ibonakala ingulube isondla, khona-ke ingakanqunywa ngumama futhi umdayisi angamfundisanga ukuziphakelayo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi izingulube ezinjalo zibe mhlophe amakhulu futhi zibe khona ukulunywa okulungile. Kulokhu kuzokuxhomeka ukuthi isilwane singasisindo ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngamahlumela angalungile okuvimbela, ingulube ayikwazi ukuhlaziya ngokugcwele ukudla futhi iphoqeleka ukuba igwinye izinsika zayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukudla akugciniwe ngokuphelele futhi kususwe emzimbeni, futhi hhayi ukunikeza isilwane izakhi zayo.
Liphinde kubangele izinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-piglet, hlola ngokucophelela amazinyo ayo nokuthi uqinisa kanjani iminyango engenhla nangaphansi evala ndawonye.
Umthethosisekelo womzimba we-piglet umbala oyinhloko wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yawo. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olukhulu lwezingulube, qaphela ukuthi iminyango yabo iqondile futhi i-sacrum yabo ikhona.
Futhi, ngoba uhlanga oluchazwe lubhekene nobude obukhulu bomzimba, obonakala ngokusemncane. Imilenze ye-Piglets kumele ibe namandla, ngoba njengabantu abadala lezi zilwane zithola isisindo esikhulu kakhulu, ezingenakukwazi ukuthwala imilenze ebuthakathaka. Inhloko yabameleli bohlobo iyingaphakathi ngobukhulu ngebunzi eliqondile futhi i-patch iqhubekele phambili. Izinzwa ziwela phezu kwe-crowbar futhi zingagcina amehlo abo kancane.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga izingulube eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba ngale ndlela zidla kangcono. Ngokuvamile, izingulube zibhekwa njengezilwane zezinkomo, ngakho-ke zijwayele umqondo wokuncintisana ekudleni kokudla. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangaphandle kokulamba, izilwane zizozama ukuzitholela ukudla okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, okuyinto ngenxa yalokho iyozuza kuphela isisindo sayo.
Impikiswano yokukhulisa abantu abaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa kuyisinqumo esiphezulu ukuthi amandla asetshenziselwe ukunakekela ingulube eyodwa kanye neziningana ezimbalwa zizolingana. Kodwa ngokuqondene nezinzuzo - lezi zinto zihluke ngokuphelele.
Izimpawu nezici zohlobo lwezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe
I-England yindawo yokuzalwa yalesi sizwe, kodwa ivulelwe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ensimini ye-former USSR. Ngalesi sikhathi, seshintshile kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, izilwane zanamuhla zibhekene nomthethosisekelo womzimba onamandla kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuguquguquka.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kanye nomkhiqizo omuhle wezinyama namafutha, namuhla phakathi kwayo yonke ingulube yengulube, inani labameli be-white breed cishe li-80%.
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziqhakaza ukuzala?
- Amandla okuvumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ingulube enkulu emhlophe iye yavame kakhulu eRussia, ngoba isimo sezulu esishisayo seKrasnodar nesibanda saseSiberia siphelele impilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu ngabanye bangathuthwa kusuka kwesifunda kuya kwesinye ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi kuzothatha amaviki ambalwa kuphela, mhlawumbe izinsuku, ukuvumelanisa nezimo ezintsha.
- Ukungathobeki ekudleni. Sibuye siphinde sibone ukuthi lolu hlobo luyi-direction-greasy direction, ngakho-ke noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-fattening lungasetshenziselwa futhi nanoma luphi luzokwenza umphumela omuhle. Njengokudla, lezi zilwane zilungile futhi zigxila, futhi ezihlukahlukene zokudla nokudla okunomsoco. Izingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe nazo zihlonywe ngempumelelo emfucumfuceni wokudla ovamile, abadla ngokujabula okukhulu.
- Ukuguquguquka kwesakhiwo sofuzo. Ngenxa yalokhu kunenzuzo, abameleli bohlobo bagcina kalula izici zabo ezinhle kakhulu eminyakeni, futhi baze bakwazi ukuwadlulisela kwezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa Akunakwenzeka ukucabangela ikhodi yezofuzo zezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe ukuba zibe nzima: kuyo yonke inkathi yokuphila kobuhlanga, kwaphinde kwaphuthukiswa kahle - umthethosisekelo kanye nomkhiqizo jikelele uphuthukisiwe.
- Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Isidumbu segobe elikhulu elimhlophe sinomuthi omkhulu wezinyama namafutha. Imisipha yalezi zilwane ikhula kahle futhi ngokushesha, kanti inyama ihlala ithenda futhi ineminyaka ekhulile kakhulu. Ama-tissue amafutha aqala ukufakwa kusukela esemncane futhi, ngesikhathi esifanelekayo sokuhlatshwa kwenzeka, qoqa ngobuningi.
- Isici esibalulekile sokukhiqiza yikhono lokuhlwanyela ukukhiqiza izingulube ezingaphezu kuka-10 ngesikhathi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, londla kanye nabahlengikazi bonke ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuhle kwezizukulwane.
- Izingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe zibhekwa ngokungahambi kahle. Lokhu kungukuthi, abantu ngabanye bavuthwe kakhulu kakhulu futhi sebevele beneminyaka engaba nonyaka, ukuhlwanyela ngokuvamile kubonakala kunesibindi sezinzalo. Abanye abahlwanyela ngesimiso esihle semvelo besifazane baqukethe kuphela ukuphatha inzalo.
Izinkinga zezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe: yiziphi izinkinga ezingabhekana nazo lapho uzalisa uhlobo?
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ukukhuluphala. Phela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhle kakhulu ukuthi lezi zingulube ziyakwazi ukukhipha cishe noma yikuphi ukudla, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ziphumela emiphumeleni engathandeki. Izilwane ezinjalo zivame ukuhlushwa izifo zenhliziyo, ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sabo sokuphila sisinciphise kakhulu. Ngenxa yobuningi bama-tissue amafutha, izinga lezinyama liyehla.
Abamele bobuhlanga nabo banezici zomthethosisekelo ezinjengamathangi aphansi kakhulu kanye ne-sacrum encane. Ngenxa yalokhu, izakhi zomzimba ezingemuva komzimba azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi zikhulu.
Futhi, uma ugcina ingulube enkulu emhlophe ezindaweni ezingeningizimu yezulu, kunconywa ukuthi ungavumeli izilwane ziphume emgwaqweni ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo. Ukuze uhambe udinge ukwakha amashishini akhethekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngenxa ye-suit emhlophe, lezi zingulube zingashisa kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa labo liphakama okwesikhashana, isifiso sabo sinciphisa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izinkomba zabo zesisindo ziyancipha.
Kodwa amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu awafisi kakhulu ngezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe. Akunaso uboya, ngakho-ke izilwane zilahlekelwa masinyane ukushisa kwazo bese ziqala ukungena.
Izici zezingxenye zangaphandle neziyinhloko zohlobo olukhulu lwezingulube
Uhlobo lubhekene nenhloko encane futhi elula kakhulu, enezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke kukhona inqwaba enkulu ebunzini kanye nenhlanzi encane.
Iphrofayli i-concave kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho, impumulo isondela ngqo. Izindlebe zabo zinkulu kakhulu futhi zithintekile, kodwa azizinzima. Kusuka ekhanda, izindlebe ziphakanyiswa kancane bese ziqondiswa kancane ezinhlangothini nangaphambili, njengokungathi zilenga phezu kwesikhumba semfuyo, zimboze amehlo abo kancane.
Umzimba we-ingulube ukhulu kakhulu, unesifuba esifana nesifuba esifanayo. Ingemuva ngokuvamile ihlala flat, kodwa emuva emuva i-arched kancane, nakuba ukushintshela kuya emuva engezansi kanye sacrum cishe kungabonakali. Konke lokhu kufakazela uhlobo oludidiyelwe lokusebenza kohlobo - ikhono lokuthuthukisa imisipha kahle futhi iqoqa izicubu ze-adipose. Futhi, umzimba ubude isikhathi eside, obonisa ukuhlwanyela okukhiqizayo okungakusihlwa okudla okungaphezu kuka-12 piglets.
Kubalulekile kunoma yiziphi izilwane ukuba zibe nemilenze, ngoba emilenzeni ebuthakathaka kunzima kakhulu ukukhula isilwane esikhulu. Kodwa ezikhungweni zembala emikhulu emhlophe imilenze, nakuba ifushane, kodwa iqinile, isethwe kahle. Akunamapulangwe asesikhumba emilenzeni. Amagwegwe aphansi kakhulu, kodwa aqinile futhi anamandla. Isici sokugcina sivumela lesi sizwe ukuba sidliwe endaweni evulekile, ngoba akunzima kakhulu ukuthi izilwane zihambe amabanga amade.
Inzuzo yokugcina lolu hlobo ekhaya ibuye ihlangane nemvelo eguquguqukayo kakhulu yezilwane. Bamukela kakhulu uthando lomuntu, ngokushesha bajwayele umnikazi. Ngokuvamile kakhulu kunezimo lapho lezi zingulube ziphazamisa phansi noma ziphule izivalo. Iqiniso Kuyinto efiselekayo kakhulu ukuwahlinzeka ngendawo lapho beyokwazi ukumba khona emhlabeni bese bebhukuda odakeni. Abahlwanyela banakekela kakhulu inzalo yabo.
Lolu hlobo aluyona into ebizwa ngokuthi enkulu, ngobukhulu bayo abameleli balo abaphumelela ngempela ukusebenza okuhle. Kakade eneminyaka engu-36 ubudala, isisindo esiphezulu sesithumba singaba yi-320-350 kilogram. Ukuhlwanyela akukona okukhulu kakhulu, kodwa ngokujwayelekile ngibuye ngishukumise ngesisindo sami - kusuka ku-220 kuya ku-250 kilogram.
Ukudla okusetshenziselwa ukugcoba izingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe kuphansi kakhulu. Ngenzuzo ejwayelekile yansuku zonke ye-650-700 amagremu, yiziphi izingulube eziba nezinsuku eziphakathi kuka-180-190 ubudala, isilinganiso sezingxenye ezingu-3.9 zezinkampani zokudla ngokuzuzwa kwesisindo se-kilogram. Ngalesi sizinga, ezineminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisithupha, izikhumba sezivele zithola isisindo ngamakhilogremu angu-100.
Ukuvunwa kwezidumbu zezingulube ezinjalo kungama-82%, okuyizinga elingavamile kakhulu kulezi zilwane. Inani lenyama ngokuvamile lidlula inani lamafutha, nakuba kubantu ababhekene nokukhuluphala isibalo sabo singase silingane.
Izici zokunakekela izinhlobo ezinkulu zezingulube
Ukudla izingulube: ukudla okunembile ukuthola inzuzo efanele
Ukuthola imikhiqizo emihle yempilo yekhwalithi ephezulu, izilwane zidinga ukondliwa ngezinga eliphezulu kanye nokudla okune-vithamini. Okufanele ukuhlanganisa ukupha njalo ngokusizwa kokugxila nokudla okudliwayo ngokuhamba nokudla emifino enomsoco. Ebusika, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza izingulube ziqotshwe utshani noma utshani.
Phakathi kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zokudla kwezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe kufanele ukhokhele ngokukhethekile lokho Imikhiqizo:
- Amazambane (kungcono ukunikeza abilisiwe, kodwa qiniseka ukukhipha amanzi okulungiselelwe kuwo).
- Ama-karoti, ama-beet, ama-radishes (anganikezwa ngobuncane kanye nesibhakabhaka, kodwa kuqala isidingo sokugaya).
- Eminyakeni emihle, ungondla izingulube ngamapheya kanye nama-apula, kodwa ngokulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe, njengokwengeza ekudleni okuyisisekelo.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi iwusizo kakhulu kubantu abasha, nakuba kuyasiza ukuwaxuba nokudla izilwane ezindala.
- Ukudla okunomsoco okufana ne-peas ne-alfalfa.
- Ibhali, oats, ukolweni, rye. Kungcono ukunikeza okusanhlamvu emhlabathini noma ngisho ne-steamed form, ngoba izingulube azikwazi ukuzihlaziya ngokugcwele futhi ngenxa yalokho isuswe ngokuphelele kanye nesikhumba.
- Ukudla kwenkathi: amaqabunga eklabishi, ubhontshisi, zucchini, ithanga, ummbila.
Ama-pig kumele adle ukudla nsuku zonke, kufaka phakathi imifino ehlisiwe ebilisiwe, ukudla kwemifino, amasondo obisi kanye nokolo oluphansi. I-piglet idinga cishe ama-kilogram ayi-2 okudla ngosuku. Kubalulekile ukunikeza izingulube usawoti, okuzosiza ukuqinisa amathambo.
Imifino encane yokugcina nokukhupha izingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe
Izimo ezingcono kakhulu zokulondoloza izinhlobo ezinkulu zezingulube ziyi-pigsty efudumele nehlelo elihle lokuphuza umoya. Uma ungazigcini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuzala izingane ezincane, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ukukhanya. Imfuneko ebalulekile ekamelweni yizindawo ezikhethekile zokuhoxiswa kwemikhiqizo yamanzi edoti.
I-Pigsty kubalulekile ukucabanga ngendlela yokuthi izilwane zingakhululwa ngokuhamba. Imishini kufanele ibe nendawo enjalo izilwane ezidinga yona: ukuhlwanyela kanye nesidingo sezimbuzi okungenani 4m2, 3m2 kuyokwanela kulabo abasha, kepha cishe 6m2 yokuhlwanyela.
Izingulube ezincane nezikhumba ezinamafutha kufanele zondliwe cishe izikhathi ezinhlanu ngosuku. Futhi, kubalulekile ukufaka ummbila ngamanzi afudumele futhi ahlanzekile, ikakhulukazi uma ukondla kwenziwa ngokugxila.
Ukugxila emhlwanyela: udinga ukungenelela komuntu?
Izinhlanzi zilungele ukulingana ezinyangeni ezingu-6, kodwa kungcono ukuzivumela zikhule ezinye izinyanga ezimbili ukuze ukuthwala inzalo kungalimazi umzimba wengulube. Okuhle kunakho konke, uma ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela ukuhlwanyela kufinyelela eminyakeni eyizinyanga ezingu-10 futhi kunesisindo esingu-120 kilogram. Ukulinganisa kwenziwa kuphela uma umhlwanyela uveza ukuzingela: izidalwa zakhe zofuzo zivuvuka futhi zibomvu, kuvela ukuphuma okuncane, isilwane siziphatha ngokungazenzeki, siphele amandla.
Farrow ngezingulube ezinkulu ezimhlophe kwenzeka ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-115 kusukela ekuqalisweni. Izingulube ezibomvu, izigulane ezinamathumbu ezivuvukala, ukwehlisa isisu kuzobonisa ukuthi ukubonakala kwezingulube kuvele ngokushesha.
Ukuhlwanyela ukuhlwanyela kuqala ngokuzimela ukwenza isidleke sotshani kwelinye lamacembe e-corral. Umuntu akudingeki aphazamise inqubo yokukhipha imali, nakuba kufanelekile ukuba sisondele ngulube ngalesi sikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuba ususe ama-piglets ngokushesha bese uhlanza impumulo, izindlebe nomlomo kusuka kumbukiso. Futhi, ungakwazi ukusika ngokushesha intambo yomzimba bese uyishisa nge-iodine. Ngemuva kwemizuzu yokuqala engu-45 yokuphila, udinga ukondla ama-piglets, uwatshale ngaphansi kokuhlwanyela.
Lokhu akuwona umsebenzi olula, ngoba udoti lwengulube eyodwa ngokuvamile lwenza 11-12 izingulube ezinesisindo esingu-1.2 kuya ku-1.3 kilogram. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukwenza ndawonye, noma ngisho nantathu. I-farrowing ephezulu yokuhlwanyela emhlophe emikhulu yayiyizingulube ezingu-13-15. Ukondla inzalo ngokuvamile kuyanele, ngoba ubisi behagu luphakathi kwama-80 kilogram.
