Abalimi abangazi ukuthi uhlobo lwezinkomo zase-Ayrshire lubukeka kanjani lungabona uchungechunge lwezithombe eziphathelene noMalume Feodor kanye nekati Matroskin. Inkomo eyenziwa yi-animators ifana kakhulu nezinkomo zase-Ayrshire. Abadali be-cartoon abazange bacabange ukuthi inkomo kaMurka ifana naso sonke isici sayo isizwe sase-Ayrshire. Lolu hlobo aluhlonishwa kakhulu ekhaya kuphela, kodwa nasemapulazini amakhulu. Lolu hlobo luba nezici eziningi ezinhle, ozothola kabanzi mayelana nalesi sihloko kamuva.
Inani lezinhlobo ze-Ayrshire kanye nezici zalo
Ngaphambi kokuba siqale ngencazelo yohlobo, sizobe sitshela umlando wayo wezokuthuthukiswa. Uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire luyilungu lezinkomo zobisi. Kwaqala ukukhulunywa ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili eScotland. I-Ayrshire County. Ngokusobala kusukela egameni lesifunda waya kanye negama lohlobo. Ezincwadini zika-1878, kwashiwo ukuthi izinkomo zaseDutch, eTurkey nase-Alderney zisetshenziselwa ukudala lolu hlobo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kubhekene nezimfanelo ezinhle kunazo zohlobo lwesiDashi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ku 1845 Uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lwalulethwa eFinland, futhi ngo-1901 kuleli zwe lakhiwa elinye lamapulazi okuqala okuzala. Ukuzalwa kwavela kakhulu enyakatho yezwe. Futhi kuze kube sesikhathini sethu, lolu hlobo luyi-thrush ehamba phambili yaseFinland. Njengezinhlobo ezihlukene, uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lwalotshwa ngo-1862.
Namuhla, uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lwakhiwa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, eMelika, eCanada naseRussia. Lezi zilwane zalethwa eSoviet Union emuva ngo-1960 zivela eFinland. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye wajwayela futhi waqala ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ubisi.
Isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke zalolu hlobo sizalwa eFinland, ngaphezu kwezingu-60% esiphezulu sabantu. Futhi indawo yesibili yokukhiqiza imfuyo iRussia.
Incazelo yezici zangaphandle zohlobo lwe-Ayrshire
Uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lufaka isigaba sezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezweni lonke, kanye nezinhlobo eziningi ezithembisayo. Uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lunomzimba walo oqinile kanye nomthethosisekelo ofanele. Izinkomo zalolu hlobo zingaba umbala obomvu-motley kuphela. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuyoba yi-ladybug emhlophe enezindawo ezibomvu, noma ngokuphambene ngqo.
Uhlobo luba nesifuba esinamandla nesibanzi, inhloko engeyona inkulu enentanyeni encane, lapho izikhonkwane zesikhumba zingabonakala khona, kanye nokubeka kahle imilenze ende. Amathambo alo mhlobo, nakuba encane, enamandla kakhulu. I-front of the head is elongated. Isikhumba se-Ayrshire sincane. Ukukhula kwezinkomo kuhlelwe kahle futhi kunomumo wendebe.
Ama-Aureas nezinkunzi ze-Ayrshire ukuzalwa cishe azifani phakathi kokukhula.
Ukungafani kohlobo, okungenakwenzeka ukungaqapheli, yizimpondo ezinjenge-lyre.
Ososayensi nabo bakhuluma ngezinhlanzi ezinhle nezinselo ezinamandla zalolu hlobo. Lezi zinkomba zenza kube lula ukugcina uhlanga eziqhingini.
Izilinganiso ezilinganiselwe zalolu hlobo:
- Ukukhula kohlobo lwase-Ayrshire, kokubili besifazane nabesilisa, lapho kubonakala khona amaphesenti angu-125 amasentimitha. Ubude bomzimba wonke wenkomo ngu 145-155 amasentimitha.
- Esibhinceni sesifuba esilingana no 165-175 amasentimitha. Ubukhulu be-metacarpus ku-girth ngu-15-17 amasentimitha.
- Ukuziqhenya komthethosisekelo kukhulunywa ngokucacile ukuthi kungokwemvelo, amathambo alula nokukhula okuncane kohlobo.
- Indlela eyinhloko yokuthuthukisa ukwanda kwe-Ayrshire ukuzalanisa kwayo okuhlanzekile.
Iyiphi umdanso onabamele abakwa-Ayrshirskoy?
Njengoba sekuyaziwa kakade, uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lungumuthi. Futhi-ke ukukhula kwezinkomo kungatshela okuningi ngomnikazi wayo. Le ngxenye yomzimba ezinkomeni ithuthukiswa kakhulu. Lokho abalimi abakubaluleka kulokhu kubeletha kuba yisilwane esifanele, esifakwe indebe nge-wide-nipples. Ama-nipples amakhulu. Izinga lokukhiqiza ubisi yi-1.8-2.0 kilograms ngomzuzu.
Inkomba yezilwane ezichazwe ngohlobo lwama-46-48%, okukhombisa ukukhiqiza ubisi oluphezulu. Ochwepheshe kakhulu bayakwazisa ubisi olutholakala kulezi zinkomo ngenani elincane lamaseli angama-somatic kuwo.
Izici ezithandekayo kokuqukethwe kwalolu hlobo
Ngokuba yiziphi abalimi abakuthandayo lolu hlobo, nizofunda ngezansi:
- Into yokuqala okumele uyiqaphele ukungazitholi kokuqukethwe, uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire lungaguquguquka kakhulu ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu.
- Isici sesibili esihle ukugaya kahle kokudla okuhlukile, okungeke kuthinte isabelomali sakho kokuqukethwe kwayo.
- Isici sesithathu esibalulekile yimpilo enhle (imilenze eqinile nama-hooves, kanye nesilwane esinempilo).
- Yini engashiwo ngecala elihle yalolu hlobo lulula kangaka futhi luqala ukuxosha, olungadingi usizo lomuntu.
- Okubalulekile ukungabi khona kweziphene zofuzo kanye nezinga eliphansi lokungena.
Isici esihle ukubeletha ukusetshenziswa kwalo ukuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo.
Yini engashiwo mayelana nokuzalwa okuhle kwe-Ayrshire ukuthi kuwufanele kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamadlelo.
Kuyakwazi ukuphawula kulolu hlobo lohlobo nokusebenza.
Izinkomo zalesi sizwe zihlukaniswa nokuqapha kwazo kwangaphambili. Uhlangothi oluhle kulolu hlobo luhambisana nokuphila isikhathi eside sobisi.
Khuluma ngezinhlangothi ezingasengozini zohlobo lwe-Ayrshire.
Ukungahleleki ukuzala i-Ayrshire ukuzalwa kungahle kubonakale ngenxa yemvelo yakhe enobudlova nesabekayo. Ngaphansi kwalolu hlobo wukuthi izinga lokushisa ehlobo eliphezulu nezulu elimile, izinkomo azizwa kahle.
Iyini ukukhiqizwa kohlobo lwe-Ayrshire?
Ummeli ogqamile kakhulu wezinkomo zobisi yizinkomo ze-Ayrshire. Isibonakaliso esivelele phambi ko "abafowabo bezimbuzi" kubhekwa njengesivuno esiningi samabele wonyaka, kepha futhi izinga lobisi olukhiqizwayo.
Izinkomo zobisi zinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lobisi. Ngokuqukethwe okunembile, ukudla okunempilo konyaka, enye i-Burenka iyakwazi ukunikeza ama-kilogram angu-7000 ubisi, ngokuqukethwe kwamafutha kuze kube 4,3% kanye nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni ebisi kuze kufike ku-3.5%. Abalimi abaningi bathola ubisi orekhodiwe ukukhiqiza okungenani ku-11 500 kilogram. Ubisi lwezinkomo zase-Ayrshire luqukethe inani elincanyana lamaseli angama-somatic, abonisa izici eziphezulu zekhanda. Amaseli aseSomatic angamaseli ezitho nezishukela ezisemgqeni wenkomo.
Isici esibalulekile sohlobo lwe-Ayrshire ukukhula okusheshayo nokulungele ukukhulelwa okusheshayo. Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwenzeka eneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyishumi nanhlanu, ngesisindo somzimba esingu-35 kilogram. Ngenxa yalokho, i-calving yokuqala ihamba cishe izinyanga ezingaba ngu-25. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwezinkomo kwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu, amathole asanda kuzalwa azalwa aqinile kakhulu futhi akhiqiza kakhulu.
Izinkomo zohlobo lwe-Ayrshire, eziphakanyiswayo ukukhiqiza inyama, kakade uneminyaka engama-year ubudala ukufinyelela umzimba wesisindo kuze kube ngu-400 kilogram. Futhi izinkunzi ezivuthiwe kakade zingaba ngamakhilogremu angu-800. Uma sikhuluma ngomkhiqizo wokudla wezinkunzi nekhwalithi yenyama, lokho kuyamangalisa ngempela. Lapho uneminyaka engama-1 nengxenye, ukubulawa kwezinkunzi ku-55%.
Ubukhulu bezinhlanga zase-Ayrshire ziyahlukahluka ngokobulili bohlobo:
- Isisindo samathole asanda kuzalwa singaphezu kwamakhilogremu angaba ngu-30.
- Ubuningi bezinkabi zohlobo oluchazwe ezineminyaka eyizinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye lufinyelela phezulu 360 kilogramkanye nezinkomo ezindala kuze kube ngu-520 kilogram.
- Isisindo sama-gobies ohlobo lwe-Ayrshire ngokuvamile luyi 700-800 kilogram.
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, uhlobo lwe-Ayrshire ngenye yalezi zizwe ezibhekwa njengezocucuza kakhulu futhi zikhiqiza. Isibonelo, ukuze inkabi inike ilitha elilodwa lebisi, kuyokwanela ukuba idle kuphela u-0.88 kilogram yokudla, futhi ubisi luyoba kuhle. okuqukethwe okunamafutha 4.5%futhi uma ufuna ukuthola ubisi nge-fat fat content, 0.78 kilograms of feed kuyokwanela.
Inyama ye-Ayrshire steers ayifani nanoma yiziphi izici ezikhethekile zokunambitheka. Inka yekhwalithi eyanelisayo. Ukuqukethwe kwamanoni nokuthandwa kwenyama akuthinteki ikakhulukazi umsoco wezinkunzi, noma iminyaka yabo.
