Abalimi abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi zingakanani izinsuku izaqathi zikhula emva kokuhlwanyela nokuthi yini okufanele zenze uma zihlala noma zingazibonakali nhlobo. Kusukela kulesi sihloko, uzothola ulwazi olunembile mayelana nokuhlwanyela izaqathe, okungukuthi izinkinga zezithombo ezihluphekile nokuthi yini eyithinta inqubo yokwandisa izaqathe ezinempilo.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izaqathe
Okokuqala, kanjani futhi nini ukuhlwanyela izaqathe ukuze zikhule ngokushesha. Kunezinketho eziningana zokutshala izitshalo zezimpande (imbewu encane yokutshala kanye nokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo). Kanti futhi isikhathi silingana ngokuya ngokungafani kwezinhlobonhlobo.
Ukuhlwanyela ngaphansi kwebusika. Ngalolu khetho, kuphela lezo zinhlobo ezingesabi ukukhishwa komhlaba (efanele, "i-Moscow Winter") kuphela, ngakho-ke ngokushesha ususe isitshalo se-subwinter uma usebenzisa izinhlobo ezingezona iqhwa noma ungabaza. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekwindla, emva kokuqala kwamaqhwa amancane, ukuze imbewu ingaqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Ukuhlwanyela ukujula - akukho ngaphezu kuka-4-5 cm.
Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqanda okuqala eqala, sihlwanyela imbewu eyomile enhlabathini bese siwafafaza ngomhlabathi omnyama olungiselelwe noma enye inhlabathi evundile. I-Humus noma i-compost ingafakwa engxenyeni yomhlabathi ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ezincane.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika i-hang: i-anyanisi, i-garlic, i-beet, amazambane, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, iparsley.
Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, iqhwa lawa, emva kokutshala imbewu emhlabathini bese uthele inhlabathi evundile phezu kwephezulu bafaka ingubo yeqhwa ukuvikela imbewu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ufuna ukuthola amahlumela asheshayo ama-izaqathe, embozweni wesihlobo se-spring, imibhede ne-lutrasil noma okunye ukugxila.
Ukuhlwanyela kwesihlahla. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa lapho iqhwa seliqhekekile ngokuphelele, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu yenhlabathi iyomile futhi ivulekile. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, faka imibhede ehlwanyelwe nefilimu (ukungezelela ukushisa umhlabathi). Umsele ojulile wokuhlwanyela isitshalo sezimpande awukho ngaphezu kwe-2 cm. Ngokungafani nokuhlwanyela kwasebusika, entwasahlobo awudingi ukwesaba ukunqanyulwa kwenhlabathi, kanti amentimitha engeziwe enhlabathi azothatha amandla emasimini.
Ukuze wenze i-groove ye-diameter oyifunayo, faka isibambo phezu kwefosholo bese ucindezela. Ngakho uchitha isikhathi esincane nomzamo. Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, uthele ama-groove amaningi, uthele imbewu bese uwamboza ngobuningi bomhlabathi nge-humus.
Kubalulekile! Kudingekile ukuba udonsa inhlabathi endaweni yokuhlwanyela ukuze imbewu isondelane kakhulu nenhlabathi futhi ayikho amapokhethi emoyeni. Izenzo ezinjalo zikhuthaza ukuhluma ngokushesha.
Bese uthele umbhede bese umboza nge-foil. Ngokushesha lapho amahlumela okuqala evela, susa ifilimu ukuze ungafaki izitshalo ezincane. Masinyane uphendule umbuzo, zingaki izinsuku uhlumela isanqante emva kokutshala. Uma wenza konke ngokufanele, khona-ke amahlumela angalindelwa ezinsukwini ezingu-20-25, uma izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-5-8 ºС.
Kukhona isikhathi "sokukhawulela" sokutshala, emva kwalokho akulungile ukutshala isivuno. Ngakho, ukutshala izaqathe kungaba ngaphambi kukaJuni 15, ukuze ube nesikhathi sokuyiqoqa ngaphambi kokuqala kwezulu elibandayo (ukuqoqa izaqathe eziseduze kuphakathi kuka-Okthoba).
Isikhathi sokuhluma kwezinhlamvu zikanqante
Izinhlamvu ze-carrot ezidingekayo kusukela ngesonto elilodwa kuya enyangeni eyodwa kumahlumela, ngakho-ke ake sikhulume ukuthi isanqante ifika isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi kuncike kuphi. Amahlumela ancike ekushiseni kwenhlabathi nemvelo. Imbewu enhle, ehlanzekile, elungiselelwe kahle iqala ukuhluma ekushiseni kuka-4-6 ºС. Uma emva kokuhluma isimo sezulu esibandayo siqhubeka, amahlumela ngeke avele ngaphambi kwamasonto amathathu.
Uma ilanga likhanya egcekeni, futhi emthunzini izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-20-22 ° C, isanqante iyovela ezinsukwini ezingu-7-9. Ngakho-ke, ukuphendula lo mbuzo, zingaki izinsuku emva kokutshala i-carrot, kukhulunywa ukuthi kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa, kodwa konke kuxhomeke ekulungiseleleni imbewu, isimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala kwenhlabathi, hhayi ngezinhlobonhlobo noma hybrid.
Uma izithombo zivela ekushiseni kuka-6-8 ºС, khona-ke isitshalo sizofa nge-hypothermia. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi izaqathe zingasebenzi ngenyanga (+/- 3-4 izinsuku), kufanelekile ukucabanga ngokuhlwanyela ezinye imbewu, ngoba imbewu ehlanganisiwe emhlabathini ayizange ihlume noma idliwe yizinambuzane. 
Kungani kungakhulumi izaqathe, amaphutha amaningi
Abalimi abaningi benza amaphutha lapho betshala impande. Zihlobene nokuhluma kwezinhlamvu ze-kroti, isikhathi nendawo yokutshala, kanye nomphumela wekhwalithi yembewu kwizithombo.
Uyazi? Ama-karoti aqala ukukhula e-Afghanistan, lapho okwakhula khona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zezimpande.
Ikhwalithi yezinto zokutshala
Ikhwalithi yokutshala impahla - isizathu sokuqala sokuhluma okuncane noma ukungabi nalutho. Futhi kule ngxenye uzofunda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ilungelo futhi Imbewu efanelekile esifundeni sakho:
- Ukuhlunga imbewu. Ukuphila okuphezulu kwesibalo sembewu iminyaka emihlanu, kodwa njalo ngonyaka iphesenti lembewu yokuhluma iba yincani. Ngakho-ke, sincoma ukusebenzisa ukutshala izinto ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala. Okuhle - imbewu yonyaka odlule.
- Ukubukeka nokuphunga. Izinto zokutshala zekhwalithi edingekayo inezinkomba ezilandelayo: umbala ogqamile, ukugcwala, akukho imibimbi noma yiziphi izinkinga. Futhi, imbewu enhle inephunga elinamandla, ngenxa yemali enkulu yamafutha abalulekile. Uma ezwa iphunga noma iphunga engekho, wenqaba ukuthenga nokutshala izinto ezinjalo. Kumele kuthiwa imbewu kufanele ihambisane nesimo sezulu nesimo esakhiweni esisetshenzisiwe.
- Indawo yesimo sezulu. Uma uzohlwanyela uthengwe izaqathe, bese uthenga ngesikhathi sokuthenga, hlola ukupakisha bese uthola ulwazi mayelana nesimo sezulu lapho lezi zinhlobonhlobo noma hybrid kufanele zikhule. Khumbula ukuthi kukhona "izinhlobo" zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene ezizokhula ngendlela efanayo eSiberia naseKrasnodar. Thenga kuphela imbewu ehambisana nesimo sezulu sakho.
- Umhlaba Ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu esinconywayo, emaphaketheni yembewu ethengwe kufanele kuboniswe inhlabathi efanelekile ngezinhlobo ezikhulayo. Ngakho-ke, uma ulwazi olunjalo lungatholakali, hlola lezi zimingcele kwi-Intanethi noma ubuze umdayisi. Ukungafani phakathi kwenhlabathi nezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe kungathinta kakhulu izithombo, ikhwalithi kanye nenani lezilimo ezimpande.
Ukujula kokufika
Manje ake sikhulume ngendlela yokuhlwanyela izaqathe, ukuze ivele ngokushesha. Ngaphambilini kwathiwa ukuthi ukuhlwanyela kwe-podzimny kudinga ukujula okukodwa kokungena, futhi kusentwasahlobo - ehluke ngokuphelele. Khumbula ukuthi ubuncane obuncane bokufaka imbewu buyi-2 cm, ukuphakama okungu-4-5 cm (ukuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlanzi).
Uma uhlwanyela imbewu ekujuleni okujulile, ingaba ne-overcool futhi ingakhuphuki; uma uya emkhakheni omkhulu, ngeke ube namandla anele okwehlukana kwenhlabathi. Abalimi abaningi, ukuze isanqante sikhuphuke masinyane, sihlwanyele ngokujula ngaphansi kwe-2 cm, kodwa sizokutshela kabanzi mayelana nezinselele ze-ndlela nokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala.
Uyazi? Ngomuthi womuntu, isanqante yasendle isetshenziselwa ukususa isotopes e-radioactive emzimbeni.
Uma wenza konke okulungile, kodwa awunayo izaqathe futhi ungazi ukuthi benzeni, ke ake siqhubekele kwenye iphutha elivamile.
Ukunakekelwa okungcono kwezithombo
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, indaba idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele, futhi isikhathi sokuhluma sincike kulokho. Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele yenziwe ukwenza isanqante ikhule ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlwanyela? Uma nje impahla yokutshala isemhlabathini, ithinteka ukushisa nomswakama.
Ukuze uzuze amahlumela asheshayo, gaza indawo nge-foil noma okunye okungahlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe. Okokuqala, uvikela inhlabathi ekumeni, okwesibili, ngeke unike ukhula ithuba lokuba "unqume" imifino, futhi okwesithathu, uvikele izitshalo ekukhunjweni komswakama.
Amahlumela amade axhumene neqiniso lokuthi isiko kuqala liyakwazi ukwakha ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba, bese kuphela ithumela wonke amandla emkhakheni ongenhla. Ukusheshisa izithombo, udinga ukuyeka ukuchelela. Kungukuntuleka komswakama okwenza izaqathe zilume futhi zihlakulele ingxenye eluhlaza. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukumanzisa inhlabathi ngesonto lokuqala ngemuva kokutshala.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile ekunakekeleni izithombo afaka ukungabi khona kwe-weeding nokuhlanza okungenakuqhathaniswa kwezinto zokumboza. Uma ungazange ubeke ifilimu, khona-ke ukhula luzoqala ukubonakala kakhulu kunamahlumela okuqala.
Imbewu ehlanganisiwe isetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo ezihlukahlukene: iklabishi, amaqabunga, i-leek, i-anyanon batun, anyanisi, i-pepper, i-radishes, i-radishes, amakhabe, i-basil, i-parsley, i-ulethisi, i-sorrel, i-zucchini, i-beet, u-squash, ukhukhamba, utamatisi.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuhlola isayithi nsuku zonke futhi ususe wonke ukhula. Ukumboza impahla akuvumeli ukhula lukhule, kepha okufanayo kuzokwenzeka ngamahlumela okuqala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uvame ukuphakamisa ifilimu bese uhlola ukuba khona kohlaza okuqala.
Indlela yokuhlwanyela izaqathe ukuze ikhule ngokushesha, amathiphu okuthola isivuno esicebile
Ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa liqala ukuwa futhi amaqabunga okuqala e-thaw avela, thatha imbewu uwafake esikhwameni esikhwameni. Esizeni, bamba imbobo engu-20-25 cm ejulile, ubeke isikhwama sembewu lapho bese uthele amalitha ambalwa amanzi afudumele kuwo.
Okulandelayo, faka umgodi ngomhlaba futhi umboze ngeqhwa. Ngemuva kwesonto nengxenye, bamba isikhwama, hlanganisa imbewu ngesihlabathi esikhulu bese uhlwanyela. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, uzobona ukuthi ama-carrot amahlumela abonakala kanjani ngesonto.
Imbewu enemibala. Abalimi bamasimu bayazi ukuthi isiko sidinga izakhi eziningi kanye nama-microelements ukuze uthole amahlumela asheshayo nokukhiqizwa okuhle. Ngakho-ke, imbewu ehlanganisiwe igobolondo yazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, lapho inzalo yesanqante "ihlanganiswe khona".
Ngokutshala izinhlanzi ezinjalo, uzothola izinzuzo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa: amahlumela asheshayo, ukuvikela imbewu ezivela ezinambuzane, ukulinganisa izitshalo, "isitifiketi sokuqala" sokuthuthukiswa okuhle kwesimiso sempande kanye nenxenye engenhla yesitshalo esincane. Ungesabi ukuthi imikhiqizo izobe isaphezu kokusatshalaliswa ngezinto ezinobungozi, leyo nhlobo isetshenziswe ngokuphelele lezi zinto ngaphambi kokubunjwa kwempande.
Manje uyazi kanjani ukuhluma imbewu isanqante bese uthole izithombo ngokushesha. Ungenqabe ukuhlanganisa impahla nokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe, njengoba lezi zindlela zokukhula ezivuthiwe ziye zafakazela isikhathi eside. Sebenzisa imiyalo yethu, futhi uzophumelela.
