Amazwe ethu anemifula namadlelo amahle kangaka, isimo sethu sezulu sinomoya omnene, futhi konke lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho ukuphikisana kwezinkomo zenkomo ezikhulayo.
Le mboni ayilethi inzuzo encane kubanikazi bayo.
Ukuze ukwandise izinkomo inyama akudingi izindleko ezinkulu.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinkomo zenkomo, kodwa kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezinkomo ze-Shorthorn.
Uzofunda ngezici ezihlukile zohlobo, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izimfanelo ukuzalwa okukhona.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo Shorthorn Cattle
Lolu hlobo lwezinkomo luyimikhiqizo ecishe ibe yindala kakhulu kunazo zonke zomhlaba wethu. Izinkomo zase-England. Imvelaphi yayo yavela ezinkomeni zaseTivat, ezakhula eduze komfula iTisza eYork naseDurga, ezibizwa nangokuthi izinkomo zeDurgam ngendlela ehlukile.
Lolu hlobo lwenkomo lusetshenziselwa izinkomba ezimbili, ezifana nobisi kanye nenyama. Ngemva kwesikhashana, izinkomo zaseDutch zaqala ukulethwa kulezi zizwe.
Leli gama elithi "shorthorns" litholwe ngenxa yezimpondo ezincane. Emisebenzini yePN Kuleshov, umuntu angakwazi ukufunda ngalokho izinkomo zaseDutch eNgilandi ezabizwa ngokuthi i-shorthorn noma imilenze emifushane.
Uhlobo lwe-Shorthorn lwadalwa ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ezinhle kangaka, ikakhulukazi izinkunzi zokukhiqiza ezifana ne-Gubbak, Izintandokazi, i-Comet nabanye abaningi.
Ukuze silondoloze zonke izici ezinhle kakhulu ezikhiqizayo emhlambini yalolu hlobo lwezinkomo, basebenzisa inbreeding eduze kwesinye sezilwane ezinhle kakhulu futhi banemiphumela emihle. Kusukela emazwini ososayensi aseMelika omunye angazwa ukuthi loluhlobo oluthile lwamacilongo lwaludla kakhulu kokubili ensimini yalo nase-United States of America. Ukuze kuvezwe umkhiqizo ophezulu wokudla inyama, kwaphakanyiswa izilinganiso. Futhi kwaziwa ukuthi emhlambini walesisizukulwane, amathole ahamba phambili, futhi ikakhulukazi ama-gobies, asetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezinkomo ezimbili.
Izici zangaphandle ezihlukanisa Uhlobo lwe-shorthorn:
- Njengoba lo mhlobo uwuhlobo lwenyama, ngokwemvelo uhlukaniswa nesakhiwo somzimba, yizilwane ezikhiqizwa kahle. Ubude bomzimba wonke bufinyelela kumasentimitha angu-155, ukuphakama lapho kubonakala kufinyelela ku-132 amentimitha.
- Inhloko yalezi zilwane incane, isomile, ihlanganiswe ngokulinganayo, ngobuso obuncane, izimpondo zohlobo ziyingcosana. Intamo yohlobo lwe-Shorthorn ayikho isikhathi eside, imisipha kuso isakhiwe kakhulu.
- Isifuba sikhulu kakhulu ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane nambili, esicishe ngamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa. Ivolumu yesisu likhulu futhi lingamamitha amabili amamitha. I-Fench ihamba ngokude. Phuma nangemuva, ngokuqondile nangemisipha. I-torso ngendlela yobuningi obubanzi, enezimbambo ezingezansi ezihlobene nomgogodla.
Umhlane we-torso uthuthukile kakhulu, isidumbu salo mkhakha sithuthukile kahle. I-sacrum, ama-tubercles ashukela, nesabelo se-hip sinemisipha emihle. Amanqamu awasekho isikhathi eside, setha ngqo.
- Izilwane zinesikhumba esithambile nesilahlekile esiboshwe izinwele.
- Isilinganiso samahhala esingajwayelekile. Ngezinyanga eziyishumi nambili, banikeza ngamakhilogremu angu-300 ebisi. Amathole amabili angakhulelwa ekutshweni, okuyinto enhle kakhulu.
- Umbala we-shorthorns ungahluka: cishe amaphesenti angu-50 anqobile obomvu, cishe amaphesenti amathathu emhlophe, amaphesenti angama-27 ngokubomvu nokuhlukahluka, namaphesenti angaba ngu-20 embala webukhosi. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile akuzange kunikezwe umbala we-shorthorns; konke ukunakwa kwakhokhwa kumthethosisekelo kanye nokukhiqizwa kohlobo.
Yimuphi uhlobo izici ezinhle unomhlanga we-Shorthorn, sibhala ngezansi:
- Okokuqala, lolu hlobo alukhiqizi nje kuphela ekutholeni inyama, kodwa nakubisi.
- Okwesibili, ama-shorthorns anempilo.
- Okwesithathu, inyama ibhekwa ukunambitheka okukhulu.
- Okwesine, ama-shorthorns ajwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
- Okwesishiyagalolunye, ukubulawa kwabantu kuphakeme kakhulu.
- Okwesithupha, uhlobo olukhulu luhlanganisa.
Ukungalungi Lolu hlobo yizinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Ukuzala okuphansi kwezinkomo.
- Uhlobo lwe-Shorthorn lufuna kakhulu ukuphila nokudla.
- Futhi, izinkomo zalolu hlobo zihambisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngokukhetha inkomo.
Yiziphi izici ezenziwa yi-Shorthorn breed?
Izici ze-shorthorns zibandakanya ukugqama okukhulu, ukukhula okusheshayo ngokushesha, ikhono lezinkomo likhunjiswe ngisemncane, kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
Isici sezinkomo zalolu hlobo ziyizimfanelo ezinhle zomama.
Isici esihlukile salo mhlobo yizimpondo zabo ezimfushane.
Abalimi abakhula ama-shorthorns bakhulume kahle ngabo, bethi izilwane zithandwa kakhulu.
Uma uwela nezinye izinhlobo, ama-Shorthorns adlulisa izimfanelo ezinjengokulula kokuzilalisa, ukuziphatha okunokuthula, ukukhula okusheshayo, kanye nesisindo sesilinganiso lapho umuntu ekhulile. Njengamanje, ukuzalwa kwezinkomo ze-Shorthorn akusikho isidingo esikhulu njengoba ngaphambili.
Namuhla, ukuhlwanyelwa kwama-Shorthorn kuhlanjululwa futhi kuzalwa esetshenziselwa ukuwela, ngenxa yalokho abalindele ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yenyama yezinkomo ezifuywayo.
Ziyini izinkomba zokukhiqiza zohlobo lwe-shorthorn?
Kuloluhlobo, kokubili inyama nommbizi zihlukile umkhiqizo ophezulu kakhulu.
Emazweni afana ne-United States, eNgilandi naseCanada, uhlobo lohlobo lwe-Shorthorn lwezinhlobo zenyama yilona oludalwa kakhulu.
Isisindo senkomo eyodwa singama-550 kilogram, ubukhulu benkomo eyodwa buyi-900 kilogram. Ukubulawa kwesilwane ezinkomeni ezondlekile kungamaphesenti angaba ngu-70, kanti amanye angaphela amaphesenti angama-82.
Ezweni lakithi, uhlanga lwe-Shorthorn luyabaluleka futhi lunikeza ukukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ubuningi bamathole azalwa amasha cishe ngamakhilogremu angu-30, inkomo emdala ifika ku-600 kilogram, kanti inqwaba yezinkunzi zokukhiqiza ingafinyelela ithani elilodwa, futhi ezimweni ezikhethekile ngisho nama-kilogram ayi-1,270.
Ubuningi bezinkunzi ezineminyaka engama-1 nengxenye cishe ngamakhilogremu angu-600, isisindo sokuxosha singamaphesenti angama-60. Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yenyama yalezi zinkomo iphezulu kakhulu. Inyama i-soft-fiber, enezingxenye zamafutha ezihlukanisiwe.
Ukunciphisa ama-shorthorns ekuqondiseni inyama nenyama yobisi, nakho kunikeza ukusebenza okuhle. Ubisi obuvuthiwe obuvela kwenkomo eyodwa ngonyaka cishe ngama-2500 kilogram ubisi, okuqukethwe okunamafutha okuyinto yenza amaphesenti angu-3.6 - 3.9. Kunezinkomo eziphethe abanikezeli abangakwazi ukunikeza amakhilogremu angu-6000 ubisi ngonyaka.
Ukudalwa kwezinhlanzi ezifuywayo kwenyama yenziwe cishe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngalesi sizwe, izinhlobo zezinkomo ezingaba ngu-50 ezahlukahlukene zenziwa. Ngokwesibonelo, eNgilandi efanayo izinhlobo ezinhlanu zadalwa, e-USA izinhlanga eziyisithupha, eRussia izinhlobo ezintathu.
Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, uhlanga lwe-Shorthorn luqale ukulahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwalo kakhulu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi ngalolu hlobo lwemfuyo lwenziwa umsebenzi omncane.
Uhlobo lwe-Shorthorn yizinkomo ezinhle kakhulu. Ingafaniswa nomuthi omdala, okumele uvuselelwe kancane, udale zonke izimo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo futhi lokhu kuphinda kuzoba nokuphila.
