Ngokuvamile izinkukhu ze-broiler zikhuliswe ezinkukhu zezinkukhu.
Amahostela athola amaqanda amaqanda okuzalisa ama-broiler.
Ngezinye izikhathi abanikazi bathenga izinkukhu ngokwabo, kodwa ngosuku olulandelayo bathola eyodwa noma ngaphezulu efile.
Yisiphi isizathu semiphumela enjalo, sizozama ukuqonda lesi sihloko?
Abantu abaningi babuza lo mbuzo. Phela, uhlobo lwezinyoni ze-broiler lubhekwa njengamandla kakhulu futhi lunempilo.
Masikhulume ngezimbangela zokufa kwama-broilers
Ukufa okuphezulu kwezinkukhu ze-broiler yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokwenqaba izinkukhu eziningi ezikhukhulayo kusukela ekuzaleni kwazo.
Abaningi babo badangele ukuthi ngokuthengwa kwezinkukhu eziningana ezinjalo, iningi liyabhubha, futhi inani elimbalwa kuphela lihlala liphila.
Empeleni, zinamandla kakhulu, nje okuqukethwe kwabo kufanele kuhlolwe kahle futhi kubanikeze okudingekayo kakhulu. Ngayo yonke imithetho edingekayo yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo, izinkukhu ziyokhula ngokukhipha imifino nemingcele.
Uma uthenga izinkukhu ze-broiler udinga ukunaka izici ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvela kwezinkukhu.
- Nakani umsebenzi nokuhamba kwezinkukhu.
- Amehlo amatshwane kufanele avuleke kakhulu, akufanele aqaphele ukukhathala noma ubuhlungu.
Iziguli ezinezinkukhu ze-broiler ngemuva kokuzalwa zingabonakala ngokushesha. Futhi abathengisi basusa ngokushesha emhlambini jikelele. Kodwa noma kunjalo, lapho uthenga izinkukhu udinga ukuwahlola.
Bhala konke izizathu zokufa kwabo:
- Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yokushona kwezinkukhu ze-broiler ingaba ukushisa okuphansi emoyeni ekamelweni, ngenxa yalokhu bangakwazi ukuqhwaba.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuthengwa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler yisihlobo sentwasahlobo, inyanga enhle ngo-Ephreli. Uma ungazange uphathe izimo ezikhululekile ngaphambi kokuthenga izinkukhu, kungcono ukuthi ungathengi izinkukhu, ngoba ezimweni ezimbi izinkukhu ngeke zisinde.
Ukushisa komoya okudingekayo kokuqukethwe kwabo kungu-29-30 degrees Celsius. Kodwa ngesikhathi bekhula, izinga lokushisa kufanele lifinyelelwe libe yi-degrees Celsius engama-24.
- Uma uthenga izinkukhu ehlobo ehlobo, isibonelo ngoJulayi, khona-ke ukushisa kungabulala izinkukhu. Ngakho-ke, uma zigcinwa ehlobo, kubalulekile ukufaka igumbi lapho zigcinwa khona.
- Uma kwenzeka ukukhanya okungalungile, izinkukhu zingase zihlupheke ngisho noma zibe ukufa ngabo. Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa zokuqala ekamelweni lekhishi kuyadingeka ukuba ushiye izibani usuku lonke, ngoba izinkukhu ziphuza amanzi futhi zidla okusanhlamvu ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinsuku zokuqala zokuphila zibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinkukhu ze-broiler. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele banikezwe i-vitamin edingekayo ekuthuthukiseni. Futhi kwezinye izimo, zidinga ukunikwa ama-antibiotics.
- Esinye isizathu esibalulekile sokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler yi-coccidiosis. Ama-bacteria yalesi sifo angathinta cishe kusukela ekuzalweni kwawo, kodwa ngeke uqaphele lokhu ngokushesha, lesi sifo sibonakala ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela.
Njengezinyathelo zokuzivikela zalesi sifo, udinga ukwengeza amagremu ambalwa e-furazolidone ekudleni kwawo, inani lemithi kufanele libalwe ngokususelwa kwinani lezinkukhu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola umuthi onjalo futhi kungenziwa esikhundleni semithi enjenge-norsulfazole, etazole noma i-sulfadimezin.
Ukuze uvimbele ukubukeka kwala mabhaktheriya ngobisi, badinga ukwengeza isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ukuze ungahlakulele la ma-bacteria, udinga ukwenza njalo ukuhlanza ekamelweni lekhukhu yenkukhu, futhi udinga njalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukwelapha phansi nezindonga nge-lime.
- Izinyoni ze-broiler zibhekene nezifo eziningi kakhulu, enye yazo i-escherichiosis. Lesi sifo kungenye yezimbangela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokufa kwama-broilers. Izinkukhu ezinomzimba omncane obuthakathaka kakhulu zithinteka kakhulu lesi sifo.
Lesi sifo singenye yezinsongo ezisemqoka ekufeni kwezinyoni emhlabeni wonke, okuyinto ukulahlekelwa okukhulu impahla. Izizathu zalesi sifo ziyizimo ezimbi zokungcola, ubuthakathaka babazali, hhayi amanzi ahlanzekile nokudla okungenamsoco, ukuphuza umoya okuncane kwekamelo nezinye izizathu.
Lesi sifo sibonakala ngesonto lokuqala lokuphila kwezinkukhu ze-broiler. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingukuthi: ukudla okungenamsoco, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo ngokushesha; izinkukhu zihamba; lapho ukuphefumula emathunjini, i-wheeze izwakala. Ngokwemininingwane yonke eqoqwe ososayensi, ukufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler ezivela kule sifo kwezinye izindawo ezikhulayo ezinkukhu kufinyelela ku-31%.
- Esinye isizathu sokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler yizinkukhu ezingenasici ezinsukwini ezindala. Kulesi simo, leli cala liyipulazi lezinkukhu ezithengisa izinkukhu.
- Ukondleka kwezinkukhu kubuye kubangele ukufa. Ngakho-ke, kumele banikezwe ngokudla okunamakhemikhali okuhle.
- Izifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo ziyimbangela yokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler.
- Esinye isizathu esibalulekile siyi-peck. U-Rasklev usemazwini akho, ukudla kwezilwane zasolwandle. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo sibanike ukukhanyisa okukhulu endlini yenkukhu, kanye nokuntuleka kwegridi ekudleni, inani elincane lamaprotheni ekudleni, kanti futhi uma izinkukhu zigcinwa ekamelweni elingenamvelo elinomswakama ophezulu kakhulu.
Uma kwenzeka lokhu kwenzeka phakathi kwezinkukhu, kufanele banikwe isiphuzo samanzi, lapho kudingeka khona ukwengeza i-citric acid.
- Ukuze uthole isizathu sokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler, udinga ukunaka izimpawu.
- Esinye isizathu sokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler ngisho nezinyoni ezindala ukungabi nokuzivikela kwazo. Ngakho ngisho nesilwane sakho esilwane singakwandisa ukufa kwabo. Ngakho-ke, ukuwashiya kungalindelekile akufanelekile.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinyama nezinkukhu zezinkukhu.
Kudingeka Ukuvimbela Izifo Ze-Broiler
Ngakho-ke, sihlunga zonke izinhlamvu eziyinhloko izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukufeza izinyathelo zokubulala amagciwane. Ngaphambi kokuvula ama-broilers endlini, konke kufanele kuhlanzwe kahle, kuhlanjululwe, kuhlanjululwe ngamhlophe, kuhlanjululwe umhlophe, phansi kufanele kuphathwe.
- Into yesibili okufanele uyibuke ukushisa emoyeni ekamelweni lezinkukhu. Kubuye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-microclimate enhle yokugcina amatshwele endlini ye hen.
Kuzinkukhu ezincane, izinga lokushisa lokushisa lomoya elizohlala lizofinyelela emazingeni angama-29, kodwa njengoba zikhula, kubalulekile ukuba kancane kancane futhi kancane kancane kunciphise amazinga angu-23. Kakade kudingekile izinyoni ezikhulile ukuba zivuselele indlu ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa into esemqoka ukuthi akufanele kube khona umoya ekamelweni.
- Ukuze unikeze induduzo enkulu yezinkukhu kuma-broilers ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngevithamini eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi zonke izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili zingabuyekezwa.
- Ngokuvamile kunenkinga enjalo izinkukhu ziwa ngamadolo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo yi-rickets. Ukuze ugweme isifo esinjalo ezinkukhu ekudleni kudingeka badinge amafutha enhlanzi.
Ngisho noma lokhu kungenzeki, kubalulekile ukuqapha izinkukhu zihamba, akufanele zikhishwe isikhathi eside. Amathole amancane ahlale edingekile ukubuka, ukuze kungabikho lutho kubo.
Kanti akunakwenzeka ukuhlanza igumbi lapho izinkukhu zitholakala khona, ngoba ama-broilers ngezinye izikhathi azithatha izingxenye eziwusizo ezinkalweni zabo. Kodwa uma kwenzeke ukuthi konke lokhu akuzange kusize futhi izinkukhu zaqala ukuwa ngamadolo, kudingeka zidonsa i-vodka emilonyeni yazo besebenzisa i-pipette.
- Ukudla kwezinkukhu kumele kushintshwe njalo, badinga ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Awukwazi ukuwapha ngokuphakelayo okufanayo kwamasonto angaphezu kwamabili, uma ungahambisani nalo mthetho, khona-ke impilo yezinkukhu ingaba yimbi kakhulu.
- Uma ukondla izinkukhu, umuntu akakwazi ukweqa ngokweqile, uma ezondla umuntu akakwazi ukwengeza amazambane abilisiwe kakhulu ekudleni, ngoba zingathinta kakhulu impilo yabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingaholela ekufeni kwezinkukhu.
- Ngezinye izikhathi ukwengezwa kokusanhlamvu ekudleni kungabangela nokufa kwezinkukhu ze-broiler, kungcono ukwengeza ukudla okuhlukahlukene kokudla, kodwa hhayi okushibhile, kodwa okuphezulu kakhulu. Mhlawumbe izimali zakho zezimali azikwazi ukuthenga ukudla okunjalo, khona-ke ungakwenza ngokwakho.
- Uma kungabikho ukukhanya okwanele, izinkukhu ze-broiler zingahamba zibambe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha ukukhanya.
- Izibani ngaphakathi endlini kufanele zidwetshwe noma zibomvu noma ziluhlaza, kodwa aziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
