I-apricot iyisithelo ne-berry isiko, okuvame kakhulu endaweni yethu.
Ezindaweni zabalimi, kunendawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Isihlahla sokuqhakaza nokunuka akuyona into engokoqobo ukuba ingabonakali ngesikhathi sasekuseni konyaka.
Ububanzi balesi siko bukhulu kakhulu. Ukukhulisa i-apricot engadini yakho kunganoma yisiphi isivini, kungaba khona isifiso.
Kuzuzisa kakhulu ukuzama izipho zesayithi lakho lisha, ungakhulumi ngama-compotes ahlukahlukene futhi ulondoloze.
Indlela yokunquma ebangeni lama-apricot futhi ungadangali ekukhethweni, sizokhuluma ngakho namhlanje. Amajikijolo alo muthi athande ukudla konke.
Izici ezihlukahlukene ezibomvu ezihlaziyile ezibomvu zalesi siko
Izithelo zaleli bhilikotsi zihlukile ukunambitheka okumnandi okumnandiokuthinta kakhulu idumela lakhe. Isisindo sebheyili eyodwa singama-amagremu angu-50, ngaphakathi kukhona ithambo, elihle kakhulu lihlukaniswe no-pulp, isisindo salo sithatha cishe u-6.2% sobuningi berry.
Ifomu labo lizungeze kancane ngisho ne-ovoid, kodwa lingacindezelwe ohlangothini ngalunye. Unombala we-orange nge-blush encane ebukeka enhle kakhulu, futhi inyama iyinkanyiso encane kune-orange. Isikhumba se-Apricot sinesivunguvungu, hhayi sinyene. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo: izinhlayiya 13.6%, ushukela 9.8%, i-acid 1.36%.
Igama lokuvuthwa kwaloluhlobo luvamile, izithelo zokuqala zingalingwa iminyaka engu-3-4 emva kokutshala imbewu. Akudingi imithi yokuvolontiya eyengeziwe, njengesihlahla esizimele. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi kaJulayi. Isivuno salesi sihlahla sifika ku-100 kg ngonyaka.
Isihlahla sinobude obuphakathi. Ukwenyuka komqhele, okubanzi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza. Izithelo ezitholakalayo, amagatsha ezinhlobonhlobo nokukhula konyaka odlule.
Izintandokazi amahlathini abomvu apricot:
- izithelo zizwakala kahle.
- amajikijolo ayahambisana nokusetshenziswa.
- It has hardiness ubusika okuhle.
- hhayi ngokucacile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zenhlabathi.
- ibekezelela isikhathi esomile sonyaka wehlobo.
- unomkhiqizo ophezulu, uveza izithelo njalo ngonyaka.
- ukubekezelela izifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal.
- unokuthutha okuhle.
- Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyakhulela.
Kuya ukungalungi Lezi zihlukahlukene zihlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:
- Uma kungenakwanele ukunakekela umuthi, njalo ngonyaka umvuno uzoba mncane futhi amajikijolo ayoba amancane.
- Izinkuni azibekezeli kahle umswakama.
I-Melitopol i-apricot ekuqaleni - izici eziyinhloko
Amajikijolo alesi siko esiphakathi ama-35-40 amagremu. Ukuma kwawo kuwu-oval, okucindezelwe kancane ezinhlangothini. Ukunambitheka kwe-apricot enomnandi, ngaphandle kokumuncu.
Umbala wesithelo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-u-orange, obunobuningi bombala obomvu nezindawo ezincane ezingaphansi.
Umbala we-pulp u-orange, i-pulp ngokwayo ayinamafutha, aneziqu ezinomsoco we-sweet-wine ukunambitheka.
Ngaphakathi kukhona ithambo, elincane, elincane kakhulu elihlukaniswe no-pulp. Amajikijolo alo muthi ayasetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okusha nje kuphela, kodwa nangokusetshenziswa kokuthunga okuhlukahlukene. Isikhumba sesithelo sincane futhi sinomsoco.
Igama lokuvuthwa kwalolu hlobo luqala ekuqaleni, ungazama izithelo zokuqala iminyaka engama-4-5 emva kokutshala isithombo. Akudingi imithi yokuvolontiya eyengeziwe, njengesihlahla esizimele. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi nesibini yesibili kaJulayi. Isivuno salesi sihlahla singama-55 c / ha ngonyaka.
Ukuphakama komuthi omdala kufinyelela ku-5-6m. Umqhele womuthi uwukhuni oluqinile oluphakathi, olumelela ipiramidi engenayo Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka ngenxa yezicucu eziluhlaza. Amaqabunga omuthi anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhakeni, amancane, agxila phezulu, ne-oval ngezansi.
Kuya izimfanelo ezinhle Lokhu kuhlukahluka kungenziwa ngokuthi:
- Ikhwalithi enhle yiletha ukunambitheka okumnandi kwesithelo salezi ezihlukahlukene.
- Amajikijolo alezi zihlukahlukene angasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi indlela.
- Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela isithwathwa sasebusika.
- I-melitopol apricot ingokwezihlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa.
- Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwezitshalo, kuzokunika isivuno esikhulu.
- Uphatha izinhlobo ezizimele.
- Ungesabi izifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal.
- Inzuzo ukuthi amajikijolo anesikhumba esincane.
- Ibekezelela inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezimbi zihlanganisa lezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
- Izithelo zalesi sihlahla azifanelekile zokuhamba, ngaphandle kokuthi kufomu lokufiphala.
I-polesia i-apricot ehlukahlukene-ehlotshisiwe-izici zayo eziyinhloko
Izithelo zaleli bhilikotsi zine ukunambitheka okumnandi. Isisindo sebheki eyodwa singama-amagremu angama-55, ngaphakathi kukhona ithambo, elihle kakhulu lihlukaniswe no-pulp, linesayizi encane. Ifomu labo lizungeze kancane ngisho ne-ovoid, kodwa lingacindezelwe ohlangothini ngalunye.
Unombala we-orange obomvu obonakala buhle kakhulu, futhi inyama iyaphilika, enamanzi futhi i-crispy encane. I-apricot ikhasi elincane livolvety, hhayi elincane. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo: izinsimbi eziqinile 16.5%, ushukela 12%, i-asidi 2.36%.
Igama lokuvuthwa kwaloluhlobo luvamile, izithelo zokuqala zingalingwa iminyaka engu-3-4 emva kokutshala imbewu. Isikhathi senkambiso yezimbali sikhona ekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Kudinga amanye ama-pollinators okuyingxenyeizinhlobo ezifana neKhabarovsk ne-Amur zifanelekile njengezivolontiya. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kuwela eminyakeni eyishumi kaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Isivuno salesi sihlahla singama-112 kg ngonyaka.
Isihlahla esinamandla. Umqhele usakazeka, uzungeze nxazonke. I-shtamb ayiyona inqwaba. Amagxolo omuthi ahlanganiswe nama-tubercles amancane.
Amaqabunga aphezulu, anombala ombala, ahlelwe ngezicucu ezintathu. Amaqabunga ahlaza, akhulu kakhulu, aphuzi futhi alulaza. Izimbali ezise-inflorescence ziyi-pinkish, ezinomsila. Izithelo ezitholakalayo, amagatsha ezinhlobonhlobo nokukhula konyaka odlule.
Kuya izimfanelo ezinhle Lezi zihlukahlukene zihlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:
- Inzuzo yukuthi isiko linezithelo ezinkulu.
- Amajikijolo anesethulo esihle.
- Esikhathini sezulu esibi, izithelo aziqedi.
- Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal.
- Ibekezelela isikhathi semvula nesomile sonyaka.
- Amasiko anika isivuno esikhulu.
- Izithelo zihamba kahle.
- Izimbali zomuthi ziphikisana ne-frosts encane yentwasahlobo.
- Amasiko akhuthazelela amaqhwa ebusika.
- Ama-apricot angasetshenziswa kokubili ahlanzekile futhi ahlukahlukene.
- Uphatha amamaki whlobo oluqinile.
Enye yezinsalela zaloluhlobo lwe-apricot ukuthi eminyakeni eminye, kunomswakama okweqile, izithelo zithinteka ngama-black specks, ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, kumele baphathwe nge-fungicides. Futhi futhi iqiniso lokuthi lo muthi uyingxenye yokuzimela ubhekisela ekunciphiseni kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene.
Iyini inhle yokugubha iminyaka engu-Kuibyshev ye-apricot?
Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zincane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla futhi isisindo samaberry eyodwa singama-25 amagremu.
Zitholela ifomu elingezona oblate. Isiqu se-berry asisikhathi eside, sivela kahle kuso. Phakathi nendawo ithambo, elincane, elinesibalo esincane.
Umbala wezithelo u-orange ovamile, ohlangothini olusenyakatho uhlaka oluncane lwakhiwa. Awekho amaphuzu angaphansi kwesithelo. Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo anesikhumba esincane, i-pulp i-orange, kunomfutho omncane. Namathisela omnandi omuncu, izithelo ezinomsoco. Leli banga lama-apricot liqukethe: ama-solids 12.6%, ushukela 8.9%.
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwalezi zinhlobo siyisilinganiso, izithelo zokuqala zingenambitha iminyaka emine emva kokutshala imbewu. Inkathi yeziko zezimbali ziqala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Izithelo zingasuswa ekupheleni kukaJulayi, isitshalo kumele sisuswe esihlahleni singakhuli. Ifuna ezinye izinambuzane zokuphuza imithi ngokuyingxenye. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjengeSamara neNtshonalanga zizofaneleka njengezivolontiya ezengeziwe. Isivuno salesi sihlahla ngonyaka wesikhombisa wokuphila singakafika ku-15 kg, kanti iminyaka engu-13 yokuphila kungu-45-50 kg.
Umuthi wokukhula okuphakeme ufinyelela kumamitha ayi-6. Isihlalo sobukhosi singavamile, siphakamise kakhulu. I-shtamb ayiyona inqwaba. Amagxolo omuthi aphihliwe kancane, anombala obomvu nombala wegrey. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amancane, ahlangene phezulu. Izimbali ezise-inflorescence ziyi-pinkish, ezinomsila. Izithelo emagatsheni we-spur kanye nezimbali.
Kuya pluses Lokhu kuhluka kuhlanganisa:
- Leli banga lenzelwe noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa.
- Isethulo kanye nekhwalithi yamajikijolo wezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
- Kukhona amathuba okuthutha amabanga amade, akuthinti isimo sesithelo.
- Ibekezelela amaqhwa ebusika kahle.
- Isiko akuphikisana nokugxila kwengcindezi.
- Akukubi kabi ukudlulisa izikhathi ezinomile zasehlobo.
- Isihlahla sinokumelana kahle nezifo ze-fungal.
Kuya u-cons Lokhu kuhluka kuhlanganisa:
- Izithelo ze-apricot kumele zisuswe esihlahleni esingaphili.
- Ukuthola isivuno esihle kudinga izinhlobo ezengeziwe zempova.
- Eminyakeni emanzi, izithelo zingase zitholakale ku-moniliosis.
I-apinapple i-Apricot Ukuhlukahluka: Kuyini?
Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhulu kakhulu, cishe ama-gramu angu-50. Zine-shape engavamile engavamile, engaphezulu yayo ehlanganiswe nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Isiqu se-berry asisikhathi eside, sivela kahle kuso.
Phakathi nendawo kukhona ithambo elincane. Umbala wesithelo unombala ophuzi, ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwanoma yiluphi uhla. Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo anesikhumba esincane, inyama iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-fibrousness encane. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, izithelo zinomsoco.
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwalezi zinhlobo siyisilinganiso, izithelo zokuqala zinganambitha ngonyaka wesine emva kokutshala izithombo. Inkathi yeziko zezimbali ziwela phakathi kukaMeyi.
Izithelo zingasuswa emthini maphakathi noJulayi, isivuno kufanele sisuswe esihlahleni ngesikhathi, njengoba izithelo ezigqamile zithuthukiswa kakhulu. Akudingi imithi yokuvolontiya eyengeziwe, ngoba iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene enezithelo. Isivuno somuthi omdala singama-145 kg.
Isihlahla sokuphakama okuphakathi. Umqhele awunzima kakhulu, umumo ohlosiwe, kubalulekile ukuguqula amagatsha. Amaqabunga ahlaza, amakhulu. Izimbali ezise-inflorescence ezimhlophe-ezibomvu, ezinama-saucer. Izithelo ezithelo eziningi amahlumela.
Kuya izinzuzo Lezi zihlukahlukene zihlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:
- Izinhlobonhlobo ze-apricot ye-Ananas zigcwele isivuno.
- Izithelo zifanele ukusetshenziswa okusha, zibandiswe futhi zithuthumele.
- Isiko sinokumelana kahle nezifo ze-fungal.
- Ibekezelela amaqhwa ebusika.
- Amajikijolo anenapinapple anokuthutha okuhle kakhulu.
- Izinhlobonhlobo ziyakhulela futhi azidingi impova.
Kuya ukungalungi I-apricot ye-Ananas ihlanganisa:
- Kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo, kungenjalo uma kuqhutshwa ngaphezulu, isithelo sinconywa kakhulu emthini.
Chaza kafushane izici ezijwayelekile zokunakekela izihlahla ze-apricot.
Ukunakekelwa komuthi kuhlanganisa imisebenzi elandelayo: ukusika nokutshala izitshalo, yiziphi umquba ezidingekayo, indlela yokuvikela isitshalo ezifweni nezilokazane, nokuthi ungayilondoloza kanjani kusukela emaqanda ebusika.
Tshela ngamanye amaphuzu alula i-apricot
Bonke abalimi bayazi ukuthi i-apricot iyisiko esithandayo nesithandayo. Lezi zihlahla zikwazi ukukhula okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi kwezihlahla ezincane, ngakho-ke kudingeka udonsa umqhele. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokwehlisa lesi sitshalo ukusika izihlahla zaminyaka yonke, ukuze kutholakale amahlumela aqinile nakakhulu.
Sichaza omncane izici zokunciphisa isikhathi ngasinye sonyaka:
- Abalimi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukusika izihlahla ebusika kungcono kakhulu, kodwa akunjalo. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingangeni ngaphansi kwe-5 ° C. Esikhathini esithulile, amanxeba aphulukisa ngokushesha, futhi ngaphambi kwenqubo yemifino isihlahla sibuyiselwe ngokuphelele. Futhi ebusika umuthi uzoba okhungathekile kakhulu, ongewona omuhle kakhulu.
- Uhlobo lwemali lwehlobo lwenziwa kahle ngo-Agasti.
- Kudingeka izihlahla zokuvuna ukulungiselela umuthi isikhathi sasebusika.
- Ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale amagatsha abonakaliswe iqhwa lasebusika, kanye nokulimaza kancane umqhele wesihlahla.
Ukuphuza izihlahla ze-apricot
Lesi siko kakhulu kubalulekile ukunikeza amanzi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izihlahla zama-apricot zibekezelela isomiso kahle kakhulu, kodwa lokhu kuzomele ziphuze.
Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezifanele izindlela zokunisela ezitsheni zomngcele. Ukuphuza kokuqala kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza noma ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ukuchelela kwesibili, lapho amahlumela eqala ukukhula ngamandla. Ukuchelela okwesithathu yizinsuku eziyishumi ngaphambi kokuba izithelo zivuthwe. Ukunisela okulandelayo kwenhlabathi kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile, ukuze kube ngcono ukudlula.
Iziphi izitshalo ezifanelekile kulesi sitshalo?
Uma ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo kumele kufakwe umanyolo. Umgodi ulungiselelwe ekwindla, ulele phansi ngaphansi kwe-10 cm ye-rubble noma isihlabathi esiqhekekile sokugeleza. Bese ulala ne-humus nezwe elivundile.
Ama-apricot ama-2-3 ehlobo sebenzisa entwasahlobo yamanzi yenkukhu yomquba nge kopmostom noma peat.
Ekwindla, izihlahla ezinjalo zondliwa ngama-organic fertilizer.
Futhi lezihlahla zikhulile kakade kuneminyaka engama-4-5 yokuphila, ukuvuza kwezinkukhu zamanzi akulethwa entwasahlobo, kodwa ekwindla.
Yiziphi izinyathelo ezizosebenza ukuvikela izihlahla ezifweni, izinambuzane kanye namaqhwa ebusika?
Izihlahla ze-apricot zingakwazi ukuthelela izinambuzane ezinjalo njenge-moth, leafworm, aphid. Ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane kuzosiza izixazululo ezikhethekile zezinambuzane. Ungabathenga emakethe, bese uzipheka.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uma umuthi unezifo ze-fungal, ukukhiqiza kwawo kunciphisa. Into eyingozi kunazo zonke yi-monilioz, i-klyasterosporiosis nebala elimnyama. Kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi kungcono ukuvimbela lesi sifo kunokusiphatha. Amanxeba ahlukahlukene nokulimala ahlanganiswe ne-pitch ekhethekile. Futhi lesi siko siyadingeka spray ithusi eliqukethe amalungiselelo.
Izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvikela lesi sihlahla kusukela frost ebusika akudingekile. Ukumboza futhi ukugxila isiko akufanele. Esikhathini sokuncibilika, kubalulekile ukumane ususe iqhwa elizungeze umuthi.
Isifinyezo sokutshala i-Apricot
Ukutshala lesi siko ukhetha indawo enelanga. Akufanele ukhethe indawo eduze kwendlu, idinga isikhala esiningi. Izithombo zitshalwe kude kumamitha ayisithupha ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukuze izithombo zihlale phansi, zifakwa emanzini amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokutshala.
Cabangela izici zokutshala i-apricot:
- Ekwindla, le nqubo iqala ngenyanga ka-Okthoba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela umgodi izinsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuxuba inhlabathi ngamanyolo. Ubukhulu bomgodi kufanele bube ngu-50 cm ububanzi no-70 cm ububanzi. Lesi sikhathi sizohlinzeka ithuba lokunciphisa umhlaba emgodini, nomphumela wokuthi kuzoba ngcono kakhulu ukubeka intsha.
- Entwasahlobo, ukutshala kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, kodwa izimbiza zisalungiswa ekwindla, futhi kusetshenziselwa umquba. Ebusika, umhlaba uthola zonke izinto ezidingekayo, okuqhubekayo kube nemiphumela emihle ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni isiko.
