Abathandi bezithelo zomvini bahlale befuna ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu kulo lonke isayithi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indlela yokuhlola ingaba yiyona ehlukene kunazo zonke: isimo seqembu, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo, umthamo wesitshalo, nokusimama kwesihlahla. Kodwa omunye umbandela obalulekile lapho izigungundlovu eziqaphele khona ukutholakala kwezinhlamvu emajikijolo.
Ngempela, kaningi, inqwaba yembewu emikhulu ingaphazamisa kakhulu umqondo wezithelo zomvini. Enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamagilebhisi angenambewu yiJupiter, lapho konke okushiwo ngezansi kuzokwenziwa.
Sikhuluma ngazo zonke izinzuzo kanye nokulimaza kwamagilebhisi "Jupiter"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zaziswa kwizwekazi lethu elivela eMelika, lapho lizalelwa khona ngokuzalana. Amafomu akhe omzali aziwa. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinhlobonhlobo kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu, kokubili ngokwezinga lezithelo nokusimama. Kuyakwazisa kakhulu ukuthi injongo yamagilebhisi "Jupiter" inomhlaba owodwa: ifanelekile ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa okusha, ukulungiswa kwewayini kanye nezithelo zomisiwe.
Izici ezichazayo zeqembu lezinhlobo "Jupiter"
Uma ubulindele amagilebhisi amakhulu futhi anzima, khona-ke lezi zihlukahlukene azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngobukhulu obukhulu. Amaqoqo akhe ajwayelekile, enesisindo kusuka ku 200 kuya ku-500 amagremu. Umumo uvame ukutholakala nge-cylindrical. Amajikijolo e-bunch awafakiwe ngokuqinile, ngenxa yokuthi anesakhiwo esinomsoco esincane.
Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanelekile amajikijolo alo mvini. zakhiwa kahle kakhulu, cishe ngo-4-7 amagremu ngesisindo. Ukuma amajikijolo kunama-oval. Kodwa kuyathakazelisa ngokukhethekile ukugcina inqubo yokuvuthwa kwabo: ekuqaleni, isikhumba sabo siba bomvu noma siphuze kakhulu embala, okuyilapho ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okugcwele kuphenduka ubumnyama obumnyama.
Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukuthola isikhathi sokuvuna esihlahleni. Kodwa kufanele futhi unake ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi "Jupiter", okubhekiswe ngokuvumelana kanye nokumnandi okumnandi kwe-muscat.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zithande kakhulu, ngoba iphesenti yokuqoqa ushukela yezithelo ebangeni elichazwe yi-21 amagremu ngehora elilodwa le-pulp (ngezinkomba ze-asidi ezinama-5-6 amagremu ngevolumu ngalinye). Inyama yinyama, enomuthi ophakeme wejusi, egcwele isikhumba esinamandla. Ngenxa yalokho, amajikijolo awagcini kahle kuphela, kodwa futhi aphikisana nokuqhekeka okuhle ngesikhathi sishintsha ngokuzumayo emoyeni nomhlabathi.
Izici zomkhiqizo wamagilebhisi kanye nesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwawo
Ukuvunwa kokuqala komvini "Jupiter" kuqala ukuthokoza kusukela eminyakeni 2-3 emva kokutshala. I-shrub iqala ubukhulu obuphakathi. Ngenxa yokuvuthwa okuhle, i-ovary yakha kahle, ngokudubula okukodwa kusuka emaceleni amabili kuya ku-3. Ngenxa yokuthi ngisho ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa isisindo samagilebhisi asidluli 0.5 kilogram, ukulinganisa inani lesitshalo akudingekile.
Isihlahla ngokukhululeka sithutha ukulayisha ngisho nama-40 peepholes. Ngenxa yalokhu konke, ezihlukahlukene zifanelwe isihloko sokuzinikela okuphezulu.
Kusuka ku-hektare elilodwa lokuhlwanyela kwamagilebhisi wezinhlobonhlobo ezichazweyo, kuzinzile ukuqoqa kusukela ku-200 kuya ku-250 abaphakathi bezithelo eziphezulu.
Abaningi bakhetha ngokufanele lokhu okuhlukahlukene ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwesitshalo. Kusukela lapho amaqabunga eqhakaza emvinini kuze kufike amajikijolo avuthiwe ngokugcwele, kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-105-110 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuba uqale ukuvuna kakade ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Agasti, njengoba umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wamajikijolo uzobonisa ngokwemvelo.
Ngokufushane mayelana nezinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Jupiter"
• Ukungabikho kwembewu emajikijolo, okwenza ukunambitheka kwabo kube mnandi nakakhulu. I-classic І ne-ІI ayinqabile kakhulu, kodwa emajikijolo kunama-rudiments amancane.
• Izinhlobo eziphezulu zokuvunwa kanye nesethulo esihle kwezithelo zawo.
• Ukufaneleka okuhle kokuhamba nokuqhekeka, ngaphandle kwesitshalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezibekezelela ukuguquka komswakama.
• I-cuttings ebizwa ngokuthi i-rooting cuttings, eyenza kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwayo.
• Enye yezinhlobo eziphikisana kakhulu ezingakwazi ukubekezelela kalula amaqhwa ebusika -25-27ºС.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala azigcini nje ngokuvuthwa kwesitshalo, kodwa futhi nasekungeneni kwesihlahla somvini ngesikhathi sokuhluma.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zonke izitsha zewayini kufanele zikwazi ngazo
Naphezu kokukhanga kwe-"Jupiter" yamagilebhisi, ivuselela abaningi ukuphikiswa okuphakathi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu ezifweni zezivini: isikhutha, i-oidium, i-gray gray. Kule ndaba, isihlahla samavini salo mhlobonhlobo sidinga ukuphalaza kwansuku zonke. Ukuze kutholakale ukuvikeleka okungu-100%, ukupompa kuvame ukuqhutshwa okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Enye indlela engafanele ukuyenza, okuyinto ngeshwa ayikwazi ukuqedwa, isayizi encane yamaqoqo. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu, hhayi ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi ngenxa yamanani amakhulu amaqoqo, isivuno sisalokhu siphakeme kakhulu.
Sijwayele izici zokukhiqiza zomvini weJupiter: sikhetha indlela nesikhathi sokutshala
Amagilebhisi angasakazwa ngezindlela eziningi. Ngamunye wabo unezinzuzo nezindleko, nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi ubani ongcono. Ngokukhethekile, amagilebhisi asakazwa:
• Izithombo ezigxile noma ezihlanganisiwe.
• Indlela yokuhlanganisa ama-cuttings esitokisini esinezinkuni eziningi ezingapheli kanye nenqubo yezimpande ezithuthukile.
• Siyabonga izindwangu ezivela kumuntu omdala we-fruiting shrub.
Ngokwehlukile kokuqala, inzuzo ukuthi isihlahla esisha sizozuza ifa eliyigugu zonke izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene ezingahle zilahleke lapho zihlanganiswa kwesitokisi esihlukile. Nakuba ngabe ufuna ukukhula ngesihluthulelo esinamandla se-Jupiter, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukufezekisa lokhu uma uqhafaza. Ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ngezimpande zamagilebhisi "Kober 5BB", "C04" no "Berlandieri X Riparia".
Kuyinto elula ukusabalalisa lezi zihlukahlukene ngokushaya; kodwa, lokhu, lokhu kudala, kudingeka kube khona isikhukhula sabantu abadala nabakhulayo.
Sikhetha isikhathi esifanele nezinsuku zokutshala amagilebhisi "Jupiter"
Lesi sitshalo sesitshalwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi futhi cishe kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwalezi zithandane zasekwindla. Konke kuzokuxhomekeka ngendlela yokutshala ukuthi wanquma ukusabalalisa amagilebhisi oyithandayo.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngokutshalwa kwamagilebhisi avela etsheni
Entwasahlobo, izithombo ezikhulile ezivela ezinqeni ezijwayelekile zivame ukutshala njenge-plant, kanti ama-graft nawo ahlanganiswa emithonjeni. Noma kunjalo, owokuqala kumele atshalwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eduze kwehlobo noma ngisho nengxenye yokuqala kaJuni. Phela, izithombo ezinjalo kakade zinezihlumela ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamaqabunga angathinteka ama-frosts entwasahlobo.
Kodwa ukutshala noma ukutshala izithombo zekwindla kungcono kakhulu kusukela entwasahlobo yokuqala, kodwa sekuvele kusungulwe isimo sezulu esincane noma esincane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, kuze kube yisikhathi, kuze kube yilapho kuphela isihlahla esitshaliwe siyokwazi ukujula ekukhuleni endaweni entsha, kufanele sihlanganiswe. Ibhokisi lekhadibhodi elivamile elinembobo ekhethekile yephezulu kusetshenziselwa lokhu.
Kodwa nokho, abaningi bakhetha ekwindla njengokutshala izithombo nokuhlanganiswa. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukutshala ekwindla kunenzuzo elandelayo:
• Ekwindla kukhona ukukhetha okuningi kwezithombo ezikhulile futhi zithengiswa ezindaweni zokuzikhethela.
• Ukuwa kokuvunwa kwezinto zokutshala zamagilebhisi, okungukuthi, ukusika. Futhi, ncamashi I-inoculation yenziwa kahle ngesikhathi sokuthula njengokunquma kanye nesitoko.
• Ngokungafani nomhlabathi wasentwasahlobo, ekwindla kugcwala kakhulu umswakama, ngakho-ke kuphela ukutshala amagilebhisi ngeke kuphuziswa njengenhlanhla.
• Ukutshala i-autumn, eqinisweni, kuhilela kuphela ukugcina izinto zokutshala kuze kufike entwasahlobo futhi kusebenza kahle kunesihlabathi se-cuttings kanye nezitshalo ebusika.
Endaweni lapho kuphumelela khona ukukhula kwamagilebhisi: sixoxisana ngezici zokukhululeka, inhlabathi, kanye nokuhlelwa kwezivini
Okokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha indawo enjalo yokutshala amagilebhisi lapho isihlahla sizovikelwa kahle yiyo emiphakathini yasenyakatho. Futhi, indawo engekho kufanele ingavumeli ukuqhuma kwemimoya yomoya obandayo, okungabonakaliswa kabi ekukhuleni kwehlathi ngokwalo nangomuthi walo.
Abalimi abaqeqeshiwe batusa ukutshala amahlumela emagilebhisi avela eningizimu noma eningizimu nasentshonalanga-ntshonalanga yezindlu noma ezinye izakhiwo zasendlini, ukuze lesi sitshalo singavikeleki kuphela emoyeni, kodwa futhi sithola njalo ukukhanya kwelanga. Phela, ungakhohlwa ukuthi amagilebhisi aphakathi kwezitshalo ezinothando kakhulu zelanga, futhi izithelo zawo zidinga ukushisa kwelanga.
Ngokuqondene nomhlaba, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo emhlabathini ophakeme, kungenjalo kufanele kube yizikhukhula noma izigodi. Ngempela, ezindaweni eziphansi kangaka ngokuvamile abantu abaningi abashisayo bangadala.
Ngokuqondene nezici zomhlabathi, ngokuvamile, amagilebhisi akwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo esibucayi. Emva kwakho konke, kuvame ukutshala emazweni aseningizimu, ezintabeni ezisezintabeni, lapho kungenakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola umhlabathi ovundile. Kodwa nokho, udinga ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi emhlabathini owomile kakhulu noma emanzini, ngeke ukhule noma.
Ngakho-ke, uma inhlabathi engosini yakho ingakulungeli ukulima, kufanelekile ukusebenza kancane bese ukondla kahle: unyaka owodwa noma amabili, indawo yonke ingagcinwa ngaphansi kwesithambile esimnyama futhi ihlale ingeza umanyolo omkhulu kuwo. Kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba endaweni yakho, futhi uma liphakama ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5 - qiniseka ukuthi ulungiselela uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi ngaphambi kokutshala amagilebhisi.
Umbuzo obalulekile - indlela yokutshala isivini? Ngumuphi ibanga ukusuka komunye nomunye ukutshala amagilebhisi? Konke kuzoxhomeka ekutheni amandla akho amagilebhisi anamandla kangakanani. Ngamahlathi anegunya lokukhula elilinganiselwe, eliyisici nje samagilebhisi okuthiwa "Jupiter", ukubuyela emuva kufanele kube ngamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-4.
Lesi sikhala sivele sikwazi ukuthatha umuthi omdala we-fruiting shrub. Ngamahlathi amakhulu amakhulu kumele kwenziwe cishe ngamamitha ayi-6. Kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi uma utshala amagilebhisi eduze kwendlu encane yendlu, udinga ukuphuma kuwo okungenani amamitha angu-0.7.
Okubalulekile kokutshala okuphumelelayo komvini: ukutshala okulungile kwesithombo
Ukutshala isipiliyoni samagilebhisi akuyona inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kancane kancane welula ngesikhathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa umgodi wokutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi: udinga ukwenza umanyolo okwanele iminyaka yokuqala yokukhula kwamagilebhisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sokutshala, zonke lezi zifaka umquba kufanele zihlale emgodini, ukuze izithombo ngokwazo zingangeni emgodini kamuva.
Umthetho oyinhloko wokutshala isithombo samagilebhisi, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo nezitshalo, akumele kungcwatshwe i-collar empande ngaphansi komhlaba - kufanele njalo uhlale ngaphezu kwendawo yayo.
Emgodini, ukujula okufanele kube ngamamitha angu-0.8-1 nobubanzi obufanayo, "izithako" ezilandelayo zibekwa:
• Uhlaka lwe-rubble - cishe amasentimitha angu-5.
• Ingqimba yenhlabathi evundile ingamamitha angu-10.
• Uhlu lwe-humus - silala cishe ngamabhakede amabili.
• Ingqimba yehlabathi evundile iphinda ibe ngamasentimitha angu-10.
Zonke lezi zendlalelo, ngaphandle kwemfucumfucu, zidinga kakhulu ukuxuba futhi zimboze ngomunye ungqimba womhlabathi ozohlukanisa izithombo namanyolo. Okulandelayo, silinde amasonto angu-2-3 (noma, uma ulungiselela imbobo ekwindla, entwasahlobo) bese uhamba ngokuqondile. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, amazwi ambalwa mayelana nokukhethwa kwesipuli kanye nokulungiselela kwawo.
Izithombo ezinhle neziphezulu kufanele zibe nesimiso sempande esimhlophe. Ukusika kwalo kufanele kube okuluhlaza, kungenjalo imbewu izomiswa kakade. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ubambe insimu emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngenxa yokuthi isondliwa ngesilinganiso esidingekayo somswakama, okuzokwenza ukuthi kube nomthelela ekuqothuleni.
Ukutshala izithombo zomvini kuqukethe ukuthi uyayinciphisa emgodini d wezinga lekhola lempande (kungcono ukuliphakamisa kancane ngaphezu kwenhlabathi) futhi ugcwale ngokucophelela umgodi. Ukuze inhlabathi ilale ngokuqinile futhi ayikho "izikhala" emoyeni eduze kwezimpande, phakathi nale nqubo ungadlulisela ibhakede lamanzi emgodini, futhi emva nje kokugcwalisa ngokuphelele. Emva kokutshala eduze kwesithombo, ngakwesenyakatho, udinga ukushayela ngesekelo, futhi uthele inhlabathi nxazonke kuwo futhi umboze nge-mulch.
Izithelo zamagilebhisi zitshalwe esikhungweni esitokisini esikhulu sokhuni oluvuthiwe
Le ndlela yokusakaza amagilebhisi idinga ukulungiswa. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukulungiselela ukusika, lapho izimbobo ezingu-2-3 zizothola khona. Ingxenyeni engenhla yokusika inqunywe ezinhlangothini zombili, okwenza umkhawulo. Futhi ngaphambi kwe-inoculation, kufanele futhi ifakwe emanzini, futhi iphindwe nesisombululo esikhethekile sokwenza izimpande - "Humate". Ochwepheshe batusa iparafini engxenyeni engenhla yokusika - lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama ekunqumeni isikhathi eside.
Ukuze ulungise isitokisi, khipha kuqala isihlahla esidala. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, kushiya kuphela ukusika okwezintambo kanye namasentimitha angu-10 penechki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuso bomsuka kufanele buhlanjululwe ngokucophelela, okwenza kube lula kakhulu. Ephakathi nendawo kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okungajulile, okukwazi ukubeka ukusika ngokwayo (noma, uma isitokwe sikhulu kakhulu, ukusika eziningana).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusika kunikwa ukuhlukaniswa, isitokisi siqinisiwe, sigcwele ubumba olumanzi. Zonke ezinye izenzo zifana nokuhlwanyela isiflethi.
Izici ukunakekela amagilebhisi "Jupiter"
• Amagilebhisi kumele anisele ngaphambi kokutshala kanye nokubunjwa kwama-peas kuma-inflorescences. Futhi, kuyadingeka ukuwondla ngomswakama ngesikhathi somiso.
• Ngemva kokuphuza umhlabathi oseduze nomvini, qiniseka ukumboza nge-mulch of 3 centimeters. Kungcono ukusebenzisa u-sawdust omnyama noma umsizi ngalokhu, ama-humus aphansi kakhulu afanele kule njongo, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa njalo.
• Ebusika, amagilebhisi amancane adinga ukumbozwa. Ukwenza lokhu, umbhebhe ongenawo phansi ufakwe ngenhla kwesithombo futhi uhlanganiswe ngokuphelele nesihlabathi, okwenza u-10 cm wamagquma ngaphezu kwentonga yayo. Izihlahla ezindala kulezi ezihlukahlukene azidingi ukufihla.
• Njalo ekwindla umvini kufanele unqunywe. Ihlumela ngalinye lezithelo zomvini zeJupiter lifinyezwa ngamehlo angama-6-8.
• Ukondla isihlahla somvini kufanele futhi kwenziwe njalo, okuzosiza ukwandisa izithelo zawo. Izinto eziphilayo kanye namaminerali (potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen) asetshenziswa njengama-fertilizer.
• Ukuvikela isihlahla ekungcoleni yizilokazane nezifo, kufanele zifakwe njalo izikhathi ezingu-3 ngezikhathi ezithile: izikhathi ezimbili ngaphambi kokubhakabhaka kanye nangemva kwalokho. Ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana neBordeaux Liquid, Thanos, noma ezinye izifungicides.
