Viticulture

Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Enkumbulweni Ye-Negrulya"

Ukuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi athandwa kakhulu, phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zesikhathi sokuvuthwa phakathi, kungabizwa kalula ngokuthi yiMemori kaNedul.

Kwakudala indlela yokukhetha, eMoldova, ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili: i-Pieppel ehlukahlukene yama-Moldavian ne-hybrid.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

Amagilebhisi weMemori Negrulya - lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yetafula elihlwabusayo kakhulu. Izihlahla zamagilebhisi zinamandla. Izimbali zakhe zithandana nabesifazane.

Ibanga libhekwa amajikijolo amahle wefomu elandisiwe. On the tips amajikijolo kukhona kancane iphuzu. Isisindo samagilebhisi ububanzi kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-9 amagremu. Ngokubukeka amajikijolo ayesigqamile embala, ehlanganiswe ngokuphelele nge-wax coating.

Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo e-Memory of Negrul kulula, kuvumelana. Inyama iyamanzi, inyama. Isikhumba sinzima. Ibhere ngalinye liqukethe 2, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona imbewu engu-3. Zithokozisa ngomunyu omncane.

Umvini uvuthwe kahle. Inombolo yezihlumela ezithelayo ziba ngu-70%, okuyisikhombisa esihle kakhulu. 45 bushings ngesinye isihlahla. Umvini oqoshiwe ngokuvamile uvame amehlo angu-7-8. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-Negrul Memory ehlukahlukene iveza isivuno esihle kakhulu kusukela ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala.

Amagilebhisi weMemori Negrulya ukuphikisa kakhulu isikhutha kanye ne-oidium, i-phylloxera nezinambuzane zesicabucabu. Unegciwane lesandulela ngculaza elimelene nokubola kwegrey. Ibekezelela kalula amaqhwa, kodwa idinga indawo yokuhlala.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkumbulo ze-Negrul zibhekene nezimfanelo eziphezulu kakhulu zezimpahla kanye nokuthutha okuhle kakhulu. Lezi zomvini zingagcinwa esiqandisini isikhathi esingaphezu kweyodwa.

Bunch of

Izinhlobo zeMemori ye-Negrul zinamafomu amahle, ama-cylindrical-conical of clusters ephakathi. Amabhulashi avulekile, hhayi kakhulu kakhulu. Ubuningi beqoqo lamagilebhisi lingama 700 amagremu. Ehlathini, amaqoqo abukeka enhle futhi akhangwe nokuheha kwawo.

Ukuthela

Izithelo zomvini zeMemori Negrul zibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivelele.

Isikhathi sokuvuthwa

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkumbulo ze-Negrul zivuthiwe ezihlukahlukene. Kusukela ekuqaliseni ukuhluma kokuqala, cishe maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya kuvuthwa kwamajikijolo okuqala, ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, isib. Isikhathi sokudla, sithatha izinsuku ezingu-130.

Izintandokazi

Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ku Memory of Negrul yizi:

I. Amagilebhisi amagilebhisi amahle futhi enhle.

Ii. Ukuphikiswa kobuhlungu, i-oidium.

Iii. Amagilebhisi ahlutshiwe angagcinwa efrijini kuze kube amasonto ambalwa.

Iv. Izitshalo eziphakeme.

Ukungalungi

Azikho iziphambeko ezibonakalayo ezinhlobonhlobo, kodwa, isibonelo, idinga indawo yokuhlala isikhathi sasebusika, naphezu kokumelana nokubandayo.

Izici zokufika

Amagilebhisi adinga ukukhanya kwelanga nokukhanya. Ngakho-ke lokhu kufanele kube nokunquma ekukhetheni indawo yokutshala isivini esizayo. Ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya emagilebhisi, inani lesitshalo liyancishiswa, izimfanelo zalo zokunambitheka zilahlekile. Amagilebhisi we Memory of Negrul azokhula kahle endaweni ekhanyisiwe ngaphandle kwemidwebo.

Umhlaba

Amagilebhisi angeke atshalwe ezindaweni eziphezulu zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ezindaweni ezinobumba kanye nosawoti. Emagilebheni ayo "amagilebhisi" azozizwa emhlabathini omnyama, enhlabathini enomhlabathi, emhlabathini onomswakama.

Izwe lokutshala izivini liqala ukulungiselela kusengaphambili. Ekwindla, inhlabathi iyabanjwa futhi imifino ephilayo isetshenziswa: umquba noma umquba.

Kudingeka ukutshala kuphela lezo izithombo kanye nezihlahla eziphephile ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlwanyela ukhethe lezo zithelo zomvini, uhlelo lwempande olungonakalisiwe, ekunqunyeni kumele ludwetshwe umhlophe. Kodwa uma ukusika kunesundu - akufanele usitshale. Izithombo ezikhethiwe ezinamahlumela avuthiwe kahle ombala obala obala. Kumelwe ukuba zihlanzekile. Ngaphambi kokufika ungacindezela amehlo, uma engapheli, ungatshala, futhi uma kunjalo - lezi zithombo azifanelekile ukutshala.

Uma uhlwanyela iMemori ye-Negrulya ehlukahlukene, izimpande zezithombo zimanzi emanzini ngobumba cishe usuku. Amahlumela wonyaka anqunywa, ashiya amehlo amane kuphela.

Ukutshala amagilebhisi ekwindla kumele kube kuhle kakhulu emhlabathini.

Ukutshala amagilebhisi ukumba imbobo, ukujula kufanele kube ngu-80 cm, nobubanzi buka-100 cm. Ngaphansi komgodi kukhishwa ngamanzi, usebenzisa isihlabathi, itshe elichotshoziwe. Umhlabathi owacubungulwa kufanele uxutshwe nama-humus, superphosphate, i-potassium chloride. Umgodi wokugcwalisa okunjalo, amavithamini okuzala, kuzovumela izithombo ukuba zithole izimpande kahle futhi zinikeze ukujwayela okusheshayo. Emva kokutshala amagilebhisi kuniselwa ngamabhakede amathathu amanzi.

Izinsuku zokufika

Inkumbulo ehlukahlukene uNgrulya etshalwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuze kuhlwanyelwe intwasahlobo, eyenzeka phakathi kuka-Ephreli noMeyi, kukhethwa izinqunyiwe zonyaka owodwa. Kodwa uma kuyimifino eluhlaza, khona-ke baqala ukufika ngoMeyi, futhi baqede ngoJuni.

Ungatshala amagilebhisi ekwindla nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kuze kufike amaqhwa kuqala emhlabathini.

Ukutshala ekwindla kunezinzuzo ezingenakuphika:

- ukwanda kwenkathi ekhulayo, ngakho ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele amagilebhisi azoqala entwasahlobo;

- Izithombo zamagilebhisi azidingi indawo yokugcina eyengeziwe.

Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezithelo zomvini ezinhle kakhulu

Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi

Ukunakekela imemori yamagilebhisi Negrulya ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana, yilezi:

- ukuchelela okulinganiselayo njalo;

- ukuxubha kwenhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla;

- ukufihla ebusika;

- izihlahla zomvini;

- ukukhulelwa;

-kuqondisa isethi yamanyathelo okuvikela.

Ukunisela

Nakuba izithelo zomvini zibekezelela kalula, njengezinye izitshalo, zidinga ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuthinta ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yokuvuna esizayo. Ngakho-ke, izivini kudingeka ziphuze.

I-Allot izinhlobo eziningana zokuchelelaokuyinto inendawo yokuhlukana kwamagilebhisi ku Memory of Negrul.

• Amanzi atshale ukuchelela. It isetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokunquma umswakama inhlabathi, futhi ekwindla, ngemva kokufihla amagilebhisi.

• Ukusetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo kusetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuphuma kwamehlo.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zimiswa ukuchelela inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna kuqala, okungukuthi, ekupheleni kukaJulayi, ukusetshenziselwa kokugcina kusetshenzisiwe. Kanye nokunisela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi luhlobo luni, umanyolo usetshenzisiwe, ngakho-ke bangcono kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuniselaesetshenziselwa i-Memory Negrul Uhlobo:

I. Ngaphambi kokuhluma.

Ii. Ngemuva kwezimbali.

Iii. Isikhathi sokukhula samajikijolo omvini.

Ukuxhuma

Ukuncintisana kubhekwa njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu yokucebisa inhlabathi Isivini sezinto eziphilayo. Umhlabathi we-mulch cishe yonke into engatholakala: i-sawdust, utshani, i-peat, umhlanga, u-hay, umvini oqoshiwe.

Ukunciphisa ukunciphisa ukutholakala kokhula, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwabo, kunciphisa izindleko zokulima, amanzi amaningi ashubile abe ngaphansi, ngcono ukushintshaniswa kwamanzi emhlabathini.

Ngenxa yomcimbi onjenge-mulching, izinga lokusinda kwezivini liyakhula, uhlelo lwempande luyathuthuka kakhulu, ukwanda komkhiqizo kanye nezimfanelo zokunambitha zamagilebhisi ziyathuthuka.

Ukuhweba

Amagilebhisi weMemori Negrulya libhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezihlanganisiwenaphezu kokubhekwa njengeqhwa eliqinekile. I-Shelter inikeza ekudluliseni okuncane kwezingqimba ezinzima. Ukuze umboze isithombo usebenzisa ibhodlela lepulasitiki elincintisiwe, elenza izimbobo eziningi zokugeleza komoya.

Inhlabathi ezungeze izithombo zanisela ngamanzi amaningi, bese uyikhulula. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, kunconywa ukufudumala umgodi wokufika nge peat, sawdust noma ipineli izinaliti. Kodwa ungasebenzisa lolu hlobo lokukhosela, njengokwakheka kwe-sodling yenhlabathi.

Ukudubula

Ukudubula komvini kusetshenziselwa ukwandisa inani elikhulu lamaqoqo futhi silondoloze ukuma kwehlathi ngokwayo. Ukudubula kuqala ngokuvuthwa okugcwele komvini futhi emva kokuphela kwenkathi ekhulayo, ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga ekugcina ewa.

Amagilebhisi anqunywa ngezigaba ezimbili.. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, ekwindla, kukhishwa ngaphambi kokumboza izihlahla, futhi okwesibili, entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuvula. Ngaphambi kokubanda udinga ukususa ingxenye yamahlumela wombala ohlaza, okungukuthi, ongazange uvuthwe. Entwasahlobo bazama ukususa wonke amahlumela afriziwe noma aphukile ngenxa yokucwenga. Izinhlobonhlobo zeMemori kaNegrul zinqunywe ngendlela ende; amehlo ayisikhombisa noma ayisishiyagalombili asele emahlumela.

Umanyolo

Ithonya elihle ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuleni kwamagilebhisi kunesingeniso se-potash ne-phosphate dressings. Ku-superphosphates ekwindla yenziwa emhlabathini. I-Phosphorus inomthelela omuhle ekwandeni kwenani lezithelo ezifihlekile, okufaka isandla ekwandeni ushukela kumajikijolo, ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kwamagilebhisi, kwandisa amathuba amagilebhisi ukuhambisa kalula amaqhwa. Ukwengezwa kwePotash kwandisa ukuzivikela komvini, kunciphise ukuzwela kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Izinhlobonhlobo zeMemori kaNegrul zidinga umquba, iqukethe izinto eziningi ezilandelanayo ezikhulula umhlabathi, ezithinta i-microflora enenzuzo. Umquba ulethwa ekuwa kanye nokumba.

Ukuvikelwa

Ukuze amagilebhisi alethe ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokujwayelekile, izithelo eziphezulu, kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele ukuvikelwa kwawo ezifweni nasezinambuzane. Yize lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengeziphikisana nezinambuzane eziningi, umuntu kufanele ahlale eqaphile futhi alungele noma yikuphi ubunzima. Imiphumela eyingozi emagilebhisi analo:

• U-Oidium - umonakalo kuwo wonke uhlaza oluhlaza okomvini: amahlumela, amaqabunga, amaqabunga. Kuboniswe ngendlela ye-plaque-grey plaque. Ukwenza amalungiselelo amakhemikhali ("i-Topaz", "Kvadris").

• Ukwelashwa yisifo esiwumfutho esithinta amaqabunga, amahlumela kanye namajikijolo. Izingxenye ezithintekile zithola umbala ophuzi obomvu, futhi ziyawa.

• I-Phylloxera iyinambuzane eyingozi kakhulu yamagilebhisi. Iphazamisa amaqabunga, ekwakheni ama-bulges phansi kweqabunga, efana nezimpi. Amakhemikhali ukuze avikeleke, cha, udinga ukugwema ukubonakala ensimini yezitshalo ezithathelwanayo.

• I-pruritus yamagilebhisi (i-mite) ibonakala njengama-tubercles emaqabunga. Phatha ngezidakamizwa ezinjalo njenge "Bi 58", "Dnokon", "Nitrofen".