Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinamagama amaningi. Ungamhlangabeza njenge "South Coast" elimnandi, kanye ne "South Coast Red", kanye ne "Bigarro Diber" (ngokuhlonipha umlimi wase-gardens owasakaza).
Kodwa nokho, udumo lweCherries "iDiber Black" ngokuyinhloko luyimfanelo yezithelo zayo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezimnandi.
Sizokwazisa ngezici zayo, imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa.
Izici ezihlukile zesithelo
Kuvuthiwe Ama-cherries alezi zinhlobonhlobo amakhulu ngobukhulu. Isisindo sabo singama-6-7 amagremu. Ukuma kwabo kungachazwa njengenhliziyo enhle. Isithelo sibonakala futhi nge-funnel evulekile kanye nesiphuphu esicacile.
Ukugqama kwesibhakabhaka kungabonakali. Amajikijolo asusiwe asusiwe abe mnyama nombala obomvu. Kunezici zesikhumba pink.. Ukungalungi ebusweni bezithelo kudalwa yi-suture egijima eceleni kolunye uhlangothi lwe-cherry.
Inyama esikhathini sokuvuthwa nayo iba umbala omnyama nomvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithenda kakhulu izithelo ezivuthiwe, iqukethe ijusi elikhulu obomvu obukhulu. Ukunambitha inyama kuyamnandi nge ukunambitheka kancane omuncu. Amagremu ayi-100 e-sweet cherry ane-7.3 mg we-vitamin C.
I-Stone of the fetus inokubukhulu obukhulu, ngokuphathelene nobukhulu obuphelele bomntwana, kuthatha u-7%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithambo lihlukaniswe kahle ne-pulp. Isiqu eside, cishe ngamasentimitha angu-4.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa.lokho akubangeli ubunzima ekuqaleni kokuvuna. Ngokwenhloso yabo, i-cherries enhle ichazwa njenge-dessert.
Incazelo ye-cherry tree "Diver Black"
Isihlahla kulezi ezihlukahlukene cherries ezinkulu sweet. Isihlahla somuthi omdala ngokuvamile sinobukhulu obuphakathi noma obukhulu. Umqhele ugcwele inqwaba yamagatsha.
Ubungqabavu buqinile. Amaqabunga anesimo se-oval esiphezulu, isisekelo esinqunyiwe esiphambuka esihlahleni esiphezulu esinomuthi okhaliphile.
Ukuvuna kokuqala kuqala ukuletha kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu emva kokutshala. Esikhathini sokuqhakaza kufika esikhathini esivamile. Ukuvuna kufanele kuqale ngasekupheleni kukaJuni nasekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Ukuthela izinhlobo "Diber Black" kakhulu kakhulu. Kusukela emthini owodwa okhulayo ensimini yeCrimea, isilinganiso sezithelo eziyivuthiwe eziyi-90 sivuna. Noma kunjalo, izibalo eziphakeme ziyi-170 kilogram.
Engxenyeni yeKrasnodar, isivuno esivamile somkhiqizo we-cherry, esesikhathini se-fruiting egcwele, sincane kakhulu futhi sinamakhilogremu angu-70-80 kuphela.
Isici samahlumela
Amahlumela abumba esihlahleni entwasahlobo aqonde futhi abuye abe nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. On the amahlumela kwakhiwa izimbali ezakha inflorescences. I-inflorescence eyodwa ingaba nezimbali ezingu-2-3. Izimbali zinkulu, zinezikhala ezinamanzi amakhulu.
Ukuma kwe-calyx yembali kuyinto egcwele-ingilazi. Ama-Anthers atholakala kancane ngaphezu kwenhlamba, ngaleyo ndlela ayifake.
Izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene
I-cherries "i-Daybera Black" ihlukaniswa izithelo zayo ezihlwabusayo nezithelo. Zisetshenziselwa kokubili ngqo ekudleni kwifomu eluhlaza, futhi ekusetshenzisweni kokufaka ama-compotes nokugcina. Yiba nesethulo esihle.
Futhi, inzuzo enkulu isivuno esikhulu kakhulu izinhlobo, okuyizinga elikhulu elihlinzekwa ubukhulu obukhulu bomuthi. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Izithiyo ze Cherries "Diber Black"
Ezihlukahlukene ezizimele. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjenge "Bigarro Gaucher", "Jabule", "Ramon Oliva", "Godelfinger" zifanelwe kahle impova yakhe.
Izinhlobo ze-Black Eagle, Francis, Cassini Early and Sweet Gold zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Ubusika obunzima bomuthi kanye nemifino yemifino kuvamile, kodwa uma ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwama-degrees angu-24 kungaba cishe ubuningi. Kanti futhi, eminyakeni enhle ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-fungal, ngokuvamile kuthinteka yi-coccomycosis kanye nesifo se-asthma esiphuthumayo.
Futhi, izithelo ezinjalo zivame ukuvela ezithelo.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngezinhlobo zokugcina ze-cherry elimnandi.
Iziqondiso eziyisisekelo zokutshala ama Cherries "Diber Black"
Njenganoma imuphi omunye umuthi wensimu, i-cherry enomnandi inezidingo zayo zokutshala. Phela, hhayi kuphela ukukhula kwezithombo, kodwa nokuvunwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuzoxhomeka kulokhu. Ngempela, ngaphezu kwesikhathi kanye nezici zokutshala ngokuqondile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha indawo efanelekile futhi efanelekayo, futhi ukhethe isithombo semfanelo.
Sizozama ukukhomba wonke amaphuzu abalulekile wokutshala ama Cherries "iDiber Black."
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala ama cherry?
I-sweet cherry okungcono kakhulu ukutshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kule nkathi lapho ekwazi khona ukuhlala endaweni entsha, futhi ekuqaleni kwehlobo amahlumela amancane azoqala ukukhula kumbewu encane.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho ukutshala I-cherry enhle imile ngokuqondile ngemuva kokuqedwa kweqhwalapho izwe lifaneleka ukufika. Futhi, akufanelekile ukulibazisa leli cala, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngemuva kokuba ihlumela liphule, isihlahla ngeke sikwazi ukuthatha izimpande ngokujwayelekile, kunengozi enkulu yokuthinteka yizifo ezihlukahlukene.
I-autumn nayo ayinconywa ngokutshala ama cherry. Lo muthi ukwesaba kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphansi, futhi ungahlupheka kakhulu kusukela efrijini lasebusika. Ukwengeza, ngisho nesimiso saminyaka yonke sama cherry amnandi kunokukhula okwanele okulukhuni kakhulu ukuthwala amaqhwa.
Sakhetha indawo enhle
Njengoba nje iplamu, i-cherry kakhulu besaba imimoya eqinile nebandayo. Isizathu sibangelwa ukuthi bangakwazi ukusika zombili izimbali zomuthi kanye nezithelo zawo kakade.
Ngakho-ke, indawo enhle kakhulu yokutshala ama cherry enye lapho kungekho khona imimoya yaseNortherly. Ngakho-ke, khetha indawo enezintambo ezincane eziseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Futhi, i-cherry ingcono ukugxila endaweni, uma itshalwe eningizimu yendlu.
Futhi I-cherry enhle ithanda ukushisa okukhulu kwelanga kanye nezithelo ezimbi ezindaweni ezimnyama. Njengoba lesi sihlahla sinothando, lapho sihlwanyela, kuvame ukuthathwa indawo ephakanyisiwe (yebo, akukho sidingo sokubheka i-colline), ngokuklama umhlaba ngaphezulu.
Izidingo zohlobo lomhlabathi
Ama Cherries athande inhlabathi evundile, engayondla, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezihlahla nezithelo. Kumelwe kube nenani elikhulu lo-oxygen nomswakama emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, amanzi kumele abe mhle ukuze amanzi ekutheni noma imvula enkulu ingabe ihlala isikhathi eside eduze kwezimpande zomuthi.
Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lomhlabathi we-cherries elimnandi yi-medium-loam, futhi inhlabathi enhle kakhulu enesihlabathi ifanelekile. Ngalesi simo asizami ngisho nokutshala ama cherry amnandi kakhulu enhlabathini enobunzima kakhulu, ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamapayipi noma ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi onesihlabathi.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi I-sweet cherry ithanda inhlabathi emanzi, futhi engagcini izicathulo ezimhlabathini ezomile nezingafanele, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqhuma kwamanzi kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande zawo.
Endabeni yezinhlobo ezingenhla zezinhlobo zomhlabathi ezingathandeki, umuthi awukwazi ngisho nokukhula usayizi ojwayelekile, futhi uma kube khona ukulimala, kude kakhulu nalokho esikubhalile esigabeni ekuvuneni kwama cherry amnandi "Diver Black".
Enye iphuzu elibalulekile lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala ama cherry ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu yi-1.5 imitha ukujula kokuvela kwabo. Uma kungenjalo, ochwepheshe batusa ukumba imithombo yamanzi ekhethekile kwisayithi lakho, lapho kuwo wonke amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi angaphazamisa i-cherry enhle izokhipha.
Ungakhohlwa lokho ibanga I-Cherries "I-Black Diver" ungumuntu ongenasifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole isivuno kuso, amanye ama-cherry kumele akhule kusayithi, okungaba yiziphola.
Kukhona izingxoxo phakathi kwabalimi mayelana nokuthi i-cherry ingaba umuthi we-pollinator we-cherries amnandi.
Njengoba imibono yabo ihlukaniswe, kanti abanye bathi ukuze kutholakale ama-cherry amahle, ama-cherries kumele ahlangane nawo, kanti amanye abonisa ukuthi ama-cherries angeke abe yi-pollinator emihle ye-cherries, namanje okungenani kungcono ukutshala ama-cherry kunokungatshali lutho, noma izinhlobo ezilodwa nje zama cherry.
Sakhetha ukuhleleka okuhle
Esikhathini iseluleko sabalimi ukuthenga i-sweet cherry tree sapling kunengqondo ngaphezulu ekwindla, nakuba sitshala kuphela entwasahlobo. Kule nkathi yonyaka emakethe indlela elula yokuhlangabezana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nezinombolo zabo.
Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma sihlose ukuthenga kuphela ukusikeka kwezinto ezihlukahlukene "Diber Black", sizokwazi ukukhetha okukhethwa kukho phakathi kwezithombo ezinikeziwe.
Okuhle futhi okunenzuzo Izihlahla ze-cherry kumele zihlanganiswe, ngenxa yesikhulumi esakhula edwaleni, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuthi we-varietal uzokhula ngezithelo ezinkulu, eziphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukhetha isiteji, hlola kahle isiqu sayo bese uthatha indawo ongayibona kuyo indawo yokugoma.
Uma ukhetha isihlahla, kubalulekile ukuba unake ukuthi ungakanani ubudala, kodwa yikuphi uhlelo lwempande. Phela, i-sweet cherry ingahlwanyelwa kokubili unyaka oneminyaka emibili ubudala, into eyinhloko ukuthi izimpande zayo kufanele zibe zinkulu futhi zibe namagatsha amaningi.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ukuphakama kwensimu ye-cherry yonyaka owodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ngamasentimitha angama-70-80, kanti uneminyaka emibili ubudala inamamitha.
Ukuhamba okuphephile, izimpande zenzalo zihlanganiswe ngendwangu emanqamu, futhi ngaphezulu kwayo nge-oclock. Uma uthenge ekwindla, bese ubusika, bamba umuthi omncane emgodini omncane, ukuze ngisho neqhwa elinyene leqhwa eliwile lingalimboza ngokuphelele.
Ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo, isithombo sizohlala esimweni esihle kunazo zonke kule ndawo, futhi emva kokutshala kwentwasahlobo kuzokwazi ukuqala ngokushesha kakhulu.
Uhlelo olulungile lwe-bookmarking cherry garden yezithelo
Uma utshala izithombo ze-cherry kubalulekile ukucabangela ubukhulu bokukhula kwazo. Njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene "i-Diber Black" inomuthi omude, ukukhula okuphumelelayo nokulimala ibanga elingcono kakhulu phakathi kwezihlahla zomugqa owodwa kuzoba ngamamitha amathathu.
Noma kunjalo, ama-aisles kufanele abe kabanzi. Indlela engcono kakhulu ye-cherries yalesi sikhulu ingaba ibanga lamamitha angu-5.
Incazelo yenqubo yokutshala izithombo
Ukulungiselela ukutshala ama cherry kumele uqale kusengaphambili, ucabange izici zenhlabathi yokutshala. Uma sihlwanyela umuthi entwasahlobo, silungiselela inhlabathi ekwindla. Uma inhlabathi engosini yakho iwuhlobo lwezinhlobo esizifake njengezinconywa zokutshala ama cherry, ingahle ibe ngcono nakakhulu.
Ubumba obuningi buxubene nesihlabathi somfula, nobumba bunwetshwa esihlabathini, ngokuphambene nalokho. Ngokuvamile sonke isakhiwo sokutshala ama cherry kumele siguqukengenkathi uletha 1 m2 yenhlabathi 8-10 kilograms of humus. Kungenzeka ukuthatha indawo yokugunyazwa kwemvelo ngamaminerali, usebenzisa amagremu angu-150-200 we-superphosphate noma i-saltpeter endaweni efanayo.
Kusukela ku-400 kuya ku-500 amagremu we-lime isetshenziswe emhlabathini owumile ngokulindela kwe-1 m2.
Ububanzi nokujula komgodi kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-60. Izindonga zomgodi kufanele zibe zikhulu, futhi zingagcini kuze kube phansi. Ngaphansi kwegodi kufanele ukushayela isibalo esinamandlaokuyinto eminyakeni emibili yokuqala izobe isekela ama cherry ethu amnandi.
Ngaphansi komgodi sithela ingxube yebhola eliphezulu elivundile lenhlabathi ne-humus (10-15 kg), i-potassium sulfate (ama-50-60 amagremu) kanye ne-superphosphate (100-120 amagremu). Le ngxube kufanele ithathe ingxenye yesithathu yomgodi futhi kufanele ifakwe ngendlela yesigodlo, igubungele phezulu ngendwangu yomhlabathi ongekho umanyolo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala kubalulekile ukuthi uphinde uphinde uhlole ukusikwa kwesifuba futhi uma kwenzeka ukomisa izimpande zawo, kufanele ngehora lesi-6 emanzini. Okulandelayo, sisakaze izimpande zesikhulumi phezu kwesiqongo emgodini bese simboza ngomhlaba sibe yingxenye.
Njengoba usuhlehlile phansi umhlaba, ukuze umoya ungahlali eduze nezimpande, ibhakede lamanzi kufanele lisetshenziswe emgodini, kuphela ngemva kwalokho wonke umgodi ongagcwaliswa.
Khumbula ukuthi intamo impande kumele ihlale phezu komhlabathi; ukwenza lokhu, kufanele iphakanyiswe ngamasentimitha angu-4-5. Kamuva, uzohlala endaweni yakhe. Inhlabathi iphinde ihlanganiswe kahle futhi i-roller yenziwe nxazonke kwesiqu esizogcina amanzi eduze nesithombo.
Ngokwemvelo, sithelela elinye ibhakede lamanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla bese sikhukhula umhlabathi nge peat noma humus (lokhu kuzogcina umswakama emhlabathini isikhathi eside). Ungakhohlwa ubophe isithombo ku-cola.
Yini okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry "Diver Black"?
Sitsho kakade lokho cherry sweet uthanda amanzi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele iphuze njalo, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zesomiso.
Uma kuvame ukunconywa ukuba uchithe ama cherry kanye ngenyanga, bese kuthi phakathi nezikhathi zesomiso, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlanganyele kuze kube kanye ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumuthi owodwa omdala kufanele uhambe ngamabhakede amanzi amane kuya ku-6. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungavumeli inhlabathi ukuthi iphele ngenkathi yokuvuthwa kwama cherry amnandi, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuqhekeka.
Izihlahla ezincane zihlwanyelwa ngoMeyi noJuni, futhi kubantu abadala unganikeza ukudla okwengeziwe.
Umanyolo ongcono kakhulu yi-slurry, ehlanjululwa ngamanzi 1: 6. Futhi, i-mineral eyinkimbinkimbi ingasetshenziswa ebhakedeni lomanyolo ophilayo - nje 1 isipuni. Futhi, kunomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni nasekufakeni ama-cherry ash, entwasahlobo kunconywa ukuba ulethe urea emhlabathini.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika, inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu igubha kahle futhi iphuziswa. Futhi, cishe i-1 gram ye-superphosphate ingeziwe ku-1 m2. Njengoba iqhwa liwa, i-trunk kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela. Intsha, itshalwe entwasahlobo, Izithombo zinconywa zishiya, beguqa phansi.
Ukuze kuvimbele ukuthi isihlahla singathinteka yizifo nezinambuzane, sipholwa ngezixazululo ezikhethekile njalo entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuzimbali futhi emva kwayo, okumele kukhethwe kanye nababonisi ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Futhi kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo isimo samaqabunga, amagxolo kanye nezithelo ukuze sikwazi ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo ngesikhathi.
Ukutshala izihlahla ezincane nezindala kuqondiswa ekususweni kwamagatsha angadingekile akhula ngaphakathi komqhele, noma aphikisana nawo.
Umuthi omncane ubaluleke kakhulu njalo entwasahlobo. ukusika izihlumela ezincaneukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamajikijolo. Amagatsha abagulayo nabomile anconywa ukuba ashise. Izindawo zokusikeka zicubungulwa nge-pitch pitch, ukuze zingabangeli izifo.
