Ngokuvamile, lapho bekhula izitshalo zasemasimini ukuze bavikele emoyeni nezinye izinto ezimbi, zihlanganiswa nezinto ezikhethekile, okwenza kube lula ukuthola isivuno ngokushesha. Kule ndaba, isakhiwo esilula kunazo zonke yi-greenhouse, okusebenza ngayo kuxhomeke ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni kwayo.
Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu futhi okungabizi kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse okuvela kule ifilimu, kodwa yilokho okuyoba khona, i-polyethylene ejwayelekile noma eqinisiwe, ikuwe. Uma iningi lezakhamuzi zasehlobo selijwayele ukwaziswa okuqala, bambalwa abantu abazi ngezimpawu zengubo eqinisekisiwe, okusho ukuthi ulwazi lendlela yokwakha i-greenhouse eyenziwe nge-polyethylene eqinisiwe kuyoba usizo kakhulu.
Ifilimu eqinisekisiwe: incazelo, izinhlobo nezindawo
Ifilimu eqinisekisiwe - Kuyinto impahla enamathele amathathu enezikhwepha eziphezulu nokugqoka ukumelana. Izingxenye ezimbili zangaphandle zakhiwa ifilimu ezinzile, futhi ngaphakathi kungenwa yesikhumba esingaba ngu-0.29-0.32 mm (ubukhulu bamaseli efilimu buyi-1 cm).
Ngenxa yesakhiwo salo, ifilimu elinjalo yokugcina izithombo lilukhuni futhi liqinile, ngoba uhlaka oluqinisiwe lithatha umthwalo ngokwawo. Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko ze-emit impahla ubukhulu, impahla yefreyimu, ubude nobubanzi bendwangu kanye nezwe langempela. Intengo yokugcina ye-greenhouse evela kwifilimu eqinisiwe iyoxhomekeka kulezi zakhiwo.
Kubalulekile! Indawo yokukhosela ayikwazi ukukhishwa esakhiweni sokushisa okushisa, uma uhlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esiphezulu kanye nobusika obufudumele.Isici esiyinhloko sefilimu eqinisekisiwe yilabonke. Izinto ezinamazinga aphakeme asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni, kanti izidingo zezolimo zingasetshenziswa futhi ifilimu inenani elincane, kodwa isibonakaliso esifanayo senani.
Isibonelo, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo nezinto zokugcina izithombo ngobuningi buka 120-200 g / m² buphelele. Umbala wendawo yokukhosela ingaba mhlophe noma obala, ngoba ukudlulisa ukukhanya kuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhanya, ngakho-ke ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Ifilimu eqinisekisiwe inezimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- kalula imelana namazinga okushisa ukusuka ku-+50 ° C kuya ku- +90 ° C;
- ine-transmittance elula ye-80% (isibonakaliso esithile sincike kakhulu kuhlobo lwefilimu);
- Ibonakala ngokumelana nokunyuka kwamathonya angaphandle, okuqinisekiswa yizinkomba zobuchwepheshe ze-polyethylene, ukuqina komucu wokuqinisa nokulingana kwamaseli.
Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo zefilimu yokushisa elondoloziwe zithonywa kakhulu izithasiselo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwazo. Izinhlobo zezinto ezinikezwe emakethe yanamuhla zithembele kuzo. Lezi zihlanganisa: amafrimu akhiwe ngama-polypropylene fibers, ama-fiberglass filaments, i-polyethylene eqoshiwe.Ifilimu eqinisekisiwe ingaqukatha nezinye izisekelo:
- I-Polyamide - idlulisa kahle imisebe ye-ultraviolet iphinde igcine ukushisa ngaphakathi kwebamba lokushisa, kodwa ivuvuka futhi ilula kusukela ekungcoleni okunamandla nangamanzi amaningi. Ebusika, indawo yokukhosela enjalo isusiwe.
- Ngendwangu yamaseli agcwele amabhuloza emoyeni. Izithombo zokugcina ezivela kwifilimu eqinisekisiwe yalolu hlobo zinesakhiwo esikhulu sokushisa okufudumele, ikakhulukazi njengoba izinto zenziwe nge-multilayer, ngezingxenye zangaphandle ezibushelelezi ezibushelelezi. Ngakho-ke, umphumela we-thermos udalwa futhi amandla esakhiwo sonke asanda. Ubusika awukwazi ukuwususa, futhi uzosebenza kalula kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu.
- I-copolymer iqinisa ifilimu ibonakala ngamandla amakhulu futhi idlulisa ukukhanya ngo-90%. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, awukwazi ukuwususa, futhi impilo yakho yesevisi yiminyaka engu-6. Ukusatshalaliswa kweMisa kwalolu khetho kunqatshelwe ngentengo yaso ephakeme.
Indlela yokusebenzisa ifilimu eqinisiwe kwezolimo
Ezolimo, ifilimu eqinisiwe isetshenziselwa ukudala izithombo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina, nakuba kwezinye izimo zingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula ezinye izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwesiphephelo sokuvuna noma uma udala amathrekhi. 
Mayelana nelungiselelo lokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo, kubo abakhiqizi bezakhele ifilimu ekhethekile "yokuphefumulela" ebamba ukushisa okushisa, enezimbobo ezincane ezingqamuzaneni. Bavumela umoya nomswakama ukungena ekamelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usuvele unesibamba sokushisa, kodwa ufuna ukusibekela kangcono, khona-ke isembozo se-greenhouse esenziwe ngefilimu eqinisekisiwe kungaba isisombululo esihle kakhulu kule nkinga.
Izinto ezinjalo zingakwazi futhi ukuvikela isicabha sendlu ngaphandle kokuchayeka umoya, imvula nezinye izimo zezulu, okuzogcina ukushisa emakamelweni.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusikho konke, ngoba indaba enjalo eyingqayizivele ifanele ukusetshenziswa kuwo wonke amabhizinisi lapho kudingeka khona ukumboza noma ukupakisha isivuno noma imishini yokulima nemishini.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhethwa kwefilimu eqinisiwe yokugcina izithombo
Emakethe yanamuhla uzothola okuningi okunikezwayo okuvela ezihlukahlukene ezikhiqizi ezikhiqiza ifilimu eqinisiwe ngaphansi kwemikhiqizo ehlukene. Umkhiqizo ngamunye ungase uhluke ngokuphelele kwisethi yonke yezakhiwo nezici, ngakho-ke, ukuze ungaziphathi kahle futhi uthole imithombo ephakeme kakhulu yokumboza impahla, umthengi kufanele abheke izinkomba ezilandelayo: amandla okusebenza, ikhono lokudlulisa ukukhanya, ukumelana nomonakalo, futhi, nakanjani, izindleko.
Ngokuqondene nomkhiqizi wefilimu eqinisekisiwe esetshenziselwa ukudala izithombo zokugcina izithombo, uzothola emakethe imikhiqizo eyenziwe eRussia, isiDenishi ngisho neKorea, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi ekugcineni ukukhiqizwa kwe-polyethylene. Ububanzi bezinto eziqinisekisiwe zingaba ngamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-6, ubude buyahlukahluka phakathi kwamamitha angu-15-20. Ukuphila kwezinkonzo cishe cishe wonke amafilimu anjalo kufinyelela eminyakeni engu-6.
Ukukhethwa komkhiqizo othize, cishe kuncike ezifisweni zakho nezethulo zezezimali, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uma udinga "ukuphefumula," kufanele ubheke imikhiqizo yaseDenmark.
Kubalulekile! Kukhona uhlu lonke lwemingcele ekhethekile ejwayelekile kuphela yamanye amafilimu ama-multilayer ezindawo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina izithombo. Isibonelo, izakhiwo ezinjalo njenge-antistatics, ama-antifogs nama-absorbers angasetshenziswa ukuhlela i-microclimate ekhethekile noma ngaphezulu kokusebenzisa kahle isakhiwo.Uma ukhetha ifilimu eqinisekisiwe, kubalulekile ukucabangela umbala wayo. Ngakho-ke, ifilimu elimhlophe elimhlophe noma umkhiqizo obala kungcono ukudala ukushisa, njengoba kuvumela ukukhanya kwelanga. Umbala oluhlaza wezinto ezibonakalayo uvunyelwe futhi, kodwa lapha umbala wokushisa wobumba obuluhlaza ubonisa ukuthi wenziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphansi. Ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvunyelwe kuphela lapho ubukhulu bayo bungaphezu kuka-250 g / sq. m, nakuba lo mkhiqizo usubhekwa njengento yokwakhiwa futhi ungasetshenziselwa ukungena kwamanzi nezinye izidingo.
Kwezinye izimo, kufanele uqaphele ifilimu "yokuphefumula", ewusizo ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezivela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Ngesizo salo, kuzonikezwa inani elanele le-oxygen ezitshalweni ezihlwanyelwe, futhi zizovikelwa ekushiseni okukhulu.
Kungcono ukunikeza okukhethwa kukho indawo yokukhosela ngesithasiselo esilula, lapho ukuphila kwayo kwanda iminyaka engama-2-3.
Futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, ukhethe ifilimu, uhlanganiswe ngamasongo okuzikhethela okukhethekile. Bayokwenza lula kakhulu ukufakwa kwalesi sikhwama sokushisa, kanye nokuqeda ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ifilimu iqhekeke ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ngokususelwa kubukhulu besibamba sokushisa noma ubukhulu be-greenhouse, kungenzeka ukwenza izibalo ezithile bese ukhetha phansi ngokuhambisana nenani elidingekayo. Namuhla, izinto eziningi ezihlukene nemingcele ehlukene zikhiqizwa, ngakho-ke kuyoba lula ukuthola inketho efanelekile.
Ukufaka of reinforced greenhouse ifilimu: kanjani ukumboza abamba ukushisa kanye greenhouse
Ukufakwa kwesimbozo esiqinisekisiwe akufani nokumboza isakhiwo sefreyimu (noma umhlabathi ngokushesha) nefilimu ejwayelekile yokushisa. Ibuye isethelwe phezu kwefreyimu futhi ihlanganiswe ngezipikili noma amabakaki akhethekile, futhi izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezihle kakhulu zizolungisa ngisho nefilimu ngezigqoko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo eminingi yaseDenmark isivele ifakwe izinsimbi zerabha ezikhethekile, ezisiza ekufezeni ukufakwa nokugwema ukusikeka kwento.
Inqubo yokufaka ifilimu kuhlobo olubamba ukushisa noma uhlobo lokushisa oluthile lungase luhluke kuye ngokuthi hlobo lwakhiwe. Yiqiniso, izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo zikwazi ukumboza i-greenhouse ngokufaka ingubo, kodwa, ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zemihlaka, kukhona izinketho ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Ngakho-ke, ake sibheke ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Izakhiwo zokugcina izakhiwo ezingenasici
Ikhetho elilula kunazo zonke zokuhlala endaweni yokuhlala libhekwa njengezitshalo zokugcina zokugcina izakhiwo ezingakhiwe ngokugubungela umhlabathi ngendwangu (kulokhu kuqiniswe ifilimu). Izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zibekwe embhedeni ngokushesha emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukulungisa izinhlangothi ngamatshe noma ezinye izinto ezinzima. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho nefilimu ehlala njalo ye-polyethylene ayiyona elula yokwenza lo msebenzi njengezinto ezinzima eziqinisiwe, ngakho-ke lokhu kubonakala kuthandwa kakhulu.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezingenasici zisebenzisa indawo yokuhlala esele isetshenzisiwe kakade, engasafanelekeli inhlangano yokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ifilimu elidala akudingeki lilahle ngokushesha, ngoba, ngokulisika zibe izingxenye ezincane, ungasebenzisa ukwaziswa kokushisa okungekho okungenakuqhathaniswa.
Uma wenza amagquma emaphethelweni lapho uhlela imibhede, khona-ke utshani bokuqala lungakhula ngaphansi kwefilimu eqinisiwe. Kulesi simo, i-frame engeziwe ayidingekile, ngoba ifilimu izokhamba kancane. Okunye okukhethwa kukho ukushisa okushisa kuyizakhiwo zemihlaka, okuyizo zokupaka zokhuni ezihlelwe nxazonke zemibhede. Ifilimu ifakwe kubo (ukulungiswa kwento kungcono ukusebenzisa isitshalo somsebenzi wokwakha).
Izindlu zokugcina izitshalo ezingakhiwe zakhiwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (uma kusengcono ngokwanele), ngakho-ke ukwaziswa okungagcina ukushisa kungcono lapha. Lo mkhiqizo uphonyiswa ifilimu.
Hlela izithombo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina izithombo
I-polyethylene eqinisekisiwe yinto ephawulekayo, futhi uma usufunde ngokusemandleni ukuthi uyini, uzoyisebenzisa kaningi.
Yiqiniso, kwezolimo kulungele ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo.
Esikhathini esilandelayo, lo mbhalo uphazamiseka phezu kohlaka lwokhuni noma lwensimbi, ukulungiswa ngama-apples, izintambo, izipikili noma iziqeshana ezikhethekile.
Kodwa-ke, uma ucingo oluvamile lungasetshenziselwa ukugxila esakhiweni sensimbi, bese ulungisa ifilimu esisekelo sokhuni, kubalulekile ukulungiselela amapulangwe namapulangwe, okuzokwenza kube lula ukulungisa ingubo.
Uhlaka lwesimangqamuzana samaselula luhlinzeka amandla e-polyethylene eqinisiwe esetshenziselwa ukwakha ukushisa okushisa, ngoba imithwalo yemithwalo yemithwalo isetshenzisiwe hhayi kuphela kwifilimu ngokwalo, kodwa nakwezingcingo eziqinisiwe. Lokhu kuyinto elula kakhulu uma kwenzeka umonakalo wengozi kulesi sici ngokusika izingxenye zamathuluzi engadini noma phakathi nokuphumelela okuvamile. Umgodi umane nje ungakhanyi ngaphezu kwengqamuzana yemifino eqinisiwe.
Ukuze ufake kahle ukugqoka ifilimu ehlala phambili, okokuqala, kudingeka uhlole ngokucophelela ifreyimu yokushisa. Awukwazi ukuqala inqubo yokufaka isibopho phambi kwemikhawulo evulekile noma ebukhali yefreyimu, uma kungenjalo kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo omkhulu kuleyo ndaba. Uma ukhetha umbala wefreyimu, kungcono ukunaka imibala elula, ngoba amnyama azoshisa kakhulu elangeni, okuzoholela kalula kumonakalo oshisayo kule filimu. Uma ukulungisa ngokuqondile indaba bese uthola ikhava kumele kusetshenziswe izikuluvu kuphela. 
Uyazi? Izindlu zokugcina zokugcina izithombo, ngendlela esazi ngayo namuhla, zakhiwe ngekhulu le-13 e-Italy, lapho zazijwayele ukukhula khona izitshalo ezingaphandle.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ifilimu eqinisiwe endaweni yokukhosela izithombo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina izithombo
Ifilimu ehlala njalo yokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo, okuthiwa "iqinisekisiwe", hhayi ngezehlakalo ezithandayo abalimi abaningi. Inenzuzo eningi engenakuphikiswa eyazihlukanisa kahle nangemuva kwezinye izinto ezifanayo. Ngokuyinhloko, izinzuzo ezinjalo zihlanganisa: 
- amandla aphezulu (noma yisiphi ifilimu elula yokushisa ebomvu ibuthakathaka kakhulu ngokubhekwa nokumelana nokucindezeleka okungokwemishini, okuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile kumaphoyinti okunamathiselwe);
- ukuphikiswa okukhulu emisebeni ye-ultraviolet ngenkathi kugcinwa umkhawulokudonsa wama-UV emisebe (lokhu kutholakala ngokusebenzisa ukuqiniswa kokukhanya);
- ukumelana kahle nokubola, okuyinto engamangali, ngoba inqubo yokuchithwa ngisho nezikhwama zepulasitiki ezivamile kunayo yonke iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100;
- ikhono lokudala uhlobo lwe-microclimate ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kanye nezindlu zokugcina izithombo ngokuqinisekisa ukuqina okuhle, okwakuholela ekungabikho kwemidwebo;
- ikhono lokulungisa ngokushesha i-coating, ikakhulukazi ngamakhikithi okulungisa okukhethekile (nakuba insimbi evuthayo evuthayo ikulungele ukuvalwa);
- kulula ukugcina nokuhamba kwefilimu, eyatholakala ngenxa yesisindo esincane sezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlanganiswa nokukhululwa emigqumeni;
- ukuphikiswa kwemvula, umoya oqinile, isichotho nezinye izimo zezulu;
- ubungane bemvelo (ukuqinisa i-greenhouse ifilimu kwenziwe ngezinto eziphephile ngokuphelele ezingenakonakalisa impilo yabantu noma imvelo);
- izindleko eziphansi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma uqhathanisa ifilimu eqinisiwe ngilazi, i-polycarbonate noma ezinye izinto ezihlala njalo.
Uyazi? Imifino yangempela yemifino ekhulayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo iwela engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-XIX, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kwavela inqwaba enkulu yezinhlobo zemifino ekhethekile yokushisa imifino, eyayihloselwe ukulima emhlabathini ovaliwe. Ngakho-ke, izithombo zokugcina izithombo zaqala ukubonakala ngobuningi kuwo wonke amapulazi asezikhungweni, ngokushintsha isimo sesitokisi sabakhethiweyo kwinto yansuku zonke kunoma yimuphi umlimi wensimu. Ngokwengxenye, le mphumela yatholwa ngenxa yokunciphisa ingilazi eRussia.
Njengamanje, kunezinto eziningi ezihlukene, okuyilapho, uma kukhona isifiso, ingaba yindawo yokushisa enhle kakhulu - indawo lapho yonke imifino yakho ivuthwe ngokushesha futhi iyokujabulela ngokuthakazelisa okukhulu. Noma kunjalo, lapho ukhetha umkhiqizo, qiniseka ukucabangela zonke izinzuzo nezinkinga zokuthengwa, okuvele uswazi ngakho uma ukhetha ifilimu eqinisekisiwe.
