Ngenxa yemikhiqizo yokuphulukisa i-dogwood - Isitshalo esifuna kuzo zonke izivande. Amajikijolo amancane omuncu-amnandi awakwazi kuphela ukugcizelela ukucindezeleka kwegazi nokuphatha ezinye izifo eziningi, kodwa futhi ajabulele impumelelo ngabapheki. I-Dogwoods yenza amakhemikhali amnandi, ama-jams, ama-compotes ngisho nokuphatha ukuwasebenzisa njengeminqumo. Inkathazo kuphela ukuthi isiko emazandleni ezingenayo asikhiqizi izithelo. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo ku-dogwood zokutshala nokuzinakekela.
Ukutshala izinja
Le shrub ihlala iminyaka engama-250, ayikhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili kuya kwanguhlanu ukuphakama, iveza izithelo ngonyaka. Uthanda ukukhanya, kodwa uzizwa ekhululekile emthunzini. Ushintshe kahle ukuze kube nesomiso nokubandayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo singenabuhlungu ngokuqhubeka nesithwathwa esingama-forty-degree. Kungenziwa ukunqunywa, ukwakha umqhele ngesimo somuthi noma isihlahla. Futhi ngokutshala noma iyiphi inhlabathi kuyoba efanelekile. Ekuboneni kuqala, kubonakala sengathi i-dogwood ngokwayo iyokhula ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu womuntu. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izimfihlo zomuthi zizosiza ukuba zikhule ngokushesha futhi zithele izithelo.
Ukukhetha isikhathi nokukhethwa kwesayithi
Okufanele kakhulu ukutshala lesi sitshalo sesithelo yisikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Izithombo ze-Dogwood zigxila ekwindla, kudingeka nje zibambe ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala. Ukuze izihlahla ezingapheli zivumelane nanoma iyiphi indawo ngisho nenhlabathi enodwala. Izokhula ngaphansi komthambeko ohlangothini olungasenyakatho nenyakatho-mpumalanga.
Umkhiqizo uyokwandisa umhlabathi ocebile, okhululekile kahle, ukukhanya okwanele nomswakama. Uma ukhetha isayithi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukubekwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba - amafolkhi empande ye-cornel ezingeni lemitha elilodwa ukusuka emhlabathini. Umuthi awuyizimpande emahlathini. Kanti futhi kufanele ugweme izingxenye zobumba nezindawo ezikhanyayo. Iminyaka emihlanu yokuqala yokulima dogwood yiyona penumbra ekahle. Kamuva, izihlahla zingadluliselwa ekona elikhanyisiwe legadi. Ukuze ulondoloze isikhala, kunconywa ukutshala i-dogwood phakathi kwezihlahla zakudala, okuyinto ngesithunzi sayo esizovikela izimpande zayo ekumeni. Izimila ziyaqhubeka nazo zonke izithelo, ngaphandle kwe-walnut. Umhlaba kufanele udonswe, ucebiswe nge-calcium, i-alkaline.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlola ubuningi bomhlabathi ekhaya, faka amaconsi ambalwa eviniga endaweni encane yomhlabathi. Esikhathini se-alkaline medium, ama-bubbles amancane akhiwa, okukhombisa inani elanele lama-lime.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo zokutshala
Lapho uthenga imbewu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe empandeni: inamandla kakhulu - ngokushesha umuthi ukhula. Futhi ukhumbule: isitshalo esithombeni esisodwa sezithelo ngeke sinike, amahlumela amaningana kufanele akhule eduze. Kumele uqaphele izimpande ezibuthakathaka, ezizimele, ezincane nezingenampilo nezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo zezifo. Kufanelekile ukuthenga ama-saplings anamandla anezimfoloko ezimbili noma ezintathu ezingamamitha angu-30 ubude. Qinisekisa ukuthi igxolo phezu kwesiqu sasigcwele, ngaphandle kwemibimbi, namagatsha - ngaphandle kokulimala nokuqhekeka. Ukuze ekugcineni uqinisekise ukusebenza komlingani ovundisayo, yenza incision encane emagqabeni. Uma "isilonda" siluhlaza, awuphambani nokukhetha; uma kubomvu, bheka enye i-dogwood.
I-rhizome yesitshalo kufanele ibe nemanci ngokwanele. Uma kunesidingo, ukuhamba kwesikhathi eside okumbozwe ngendwangu ebomvu futhi kufakwe esikhwameni seplastiki esasiphakamise. Uma izimpande zomile ngesikhathi sokulethwa, kufanele zifakwe esitsheni ngamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Ezimweni lapho ukuthengwa kungenakwenzeka ukutshala isithombo ngokushesha, kufakwa ngesitshalo emthunzini. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-substrate ifihlile hhayi kuphela uhlelo lwempande, kodwa nengxenye yenzalo. Izihlahla ezinamanzi amaningi kule fomu zingagcinwa inyanga.
Inqubo yokuhambisa isinyathelo
Yiba abalimi abanolwazi sakwazi ukufunda indlela yokutshala i-dogwood. Okokuqala, izithombo kumele ziphinde zihlolwe futhi zisuswe kuwo amagatsha nezimpande zonakaliswe ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Bese ucubungula kahle uhlelo lwempande le-mash eyilungiselelwe ngaphambilini yobumba. Uma ukutshala kwenzeka ekwindla, ungakhohlwa ukususa ngokucophelela amahlamvu emthini. Ukutshala kabusha ukutusa izitshalo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala. 
Izitshalo zokutshala kumele zingabi nakancane, kepha kalula zikwazi ukufaka i-rhizome. Inketho engcono kakhulu ijula kusuka ku-30 ukuya kwangu-50 cm. Cishe amagatsha angu-15 noma i-haydite kufanele ibekwe phansi. Uma inhlabathi ingampofu, cwilisa okwesithathu ofafazwe ngenhlabathi. I-Dogwood ithanda umhlaba ocebile we-potassium. Ingasetshenziswa nge-lime, ehlanganiswe ne-substrate ngesilinganiso esingu-150 g ngalinye nge-1 mg. Khumbula: isiko sikhathalela ukufaka umquba, ngakho-ke uma utshalwa ungangezi ama-humus, akukho manyolo, ayikho imixube yemifino yesitolo, ayikho imifino yamaminerali. Amanzi kanye nomhlaba kuphela.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuvuthwa isikhathi eside kwezithelo ze-cornel, umbala wabo obomvu obomvu nokunambitheka kwe-tart, amaTatars aseCrimea abize lesi sitshalo ngokuthi "shaytan berry".
Lapho umgodi ugcwele isigamu sigcwele umhlaba ovundile, unika amanzi amaningi. Emva kokufaka amanzi kungabekwa emgodini we-seedling. Izimpande kufanele ziqondiswe ngokucophelela, futhi intamo impande ifihla 2 kuya ku-3 cm ngaphansi komhlaba. Uma ulele, qiniseka ukuthi i-voids ayifaki ezungeze izimpande. Ukuze uzigweme, kubalulekile ukunyathelisa kahle izinto ezitshaliwe bese uphuza ngamanzi. Isayithi le-graft kufanele likhuphuke ngo-2 cm ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho lesi sitshalo sihlala khona, siyokwehla phansi.
I-dogwood kumele ilandwe ngamasentimitha angu-10 kuya kwangu-15. Inqubo yenziwa ukuze izimpande ezilala kalula zingapheli. Kuze kube sekugcineni, ungasebenzisa izinaliti zephayini, i-sawdust, utshani olucacile noma u-hay. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izitshalo zihlala isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokutshala, kubalulekile ukulindela ukwanda kwazo okuzokwenzeka kuzo. Insimu ye-cornel inconywa ukuba ibekwe ngokusho kwesimiso se-6 × 5. Izihlahla ezincane zingenziwa zihlanganiswe okwesikhashana namanye amasiko, azosuswa ekudingeni. Isonto emva kokutshala, umhlabathi oseduze nesitshalo kumele uphinde uhlanganiswe futhi uphuze.
Indlela yokunakekela i-dogwood
Naphezu kokungahloniphi kwalesi sitshalo, ukunakekelwa okunempilo kwama-cornels angama-watering kanye nokudla ngesikhathi esifanele, ukusika izihlahla, ukukhipha ukhula kanye nokulimala okuhlelekile. Amasiko awabekezelelanga umswakama owedlula, ngakho-ke uma ukuphuza kubalulekile ukucabangela ubudala bawo, ukusondela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, amazinga omswakama kanye nezici zenhlabathi. Ngokwesilinganiso, isitshalo ngasinye sidinga okungenani amabhakede amabili amanzi. Ukunisela kungenziwa ekwenzeni okuphelile noma ukuthululela ngqo izimbobo ezungeze izihlahla. Ngemuva kokuthulukisa izinhlanzi, yonke imifula idinga ukuhanjiswa. Amanzi okuchelela avunyelwe, okuvumela ukuba avule. Ungavumeli inhlabathi iphele - lokhu kuphazamisa isitshalo. Ukwandisa izivuno, i-dogwood ikhulelwa izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Kukholelwa ukuthi phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo isitshalo sidinga ingxube ye-nitrogen-phosphorus, kanye nokuwa kwe-potash.
Abanye balimi bakha ama-humus nge-compost, noma njalo ngonyaka ekuqaleni kwehlobo bathululela inhlanganisela yamanzi kanye nomquba wezinkukhu ezihlahleni endaweni eyi-10: 1. Abanye balungiselela umquba kusuka ku-0.03 kg we-ammonium nitrate kanye nebhakede le-humus. Futhi njengomanyolo ofanelekile okuthi "i-Agrolife", efafaza inhlabathi engenhla eduze nesiko lesithelo. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, uhhafu wamitha elilodwa lomuthi uchithelwa ngaphansi kwe-dogwood ngayinye. 
Futhi emva kokuvuna kungaba kuhle ukwengeza u-0.1 kg we-superphosphates. Kodwa noma yikuphi okondla i-dogwood, i-lime ihlala ingumanyolo obaluleke kakhulu. Yilokhu okuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-potassium ku-substrate, okuthinta isivuno esizayo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukwelashwa njalo kwenhlabathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Yenziwa minyaka yonke okungenani izikhathi eziyisithupha noma eziyisikhombisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziningi kangakanani kanye nokuzala kwesitshalo. Qala entwasahlobo bese uqeda ekwindla, emva kokuvuna amajikijolo. Umkhawulo wensimu okhululekayo nxazonke ze-cornel ukuhlanganiswa kwawo.
Kubalulekile! Kuze kufike ku-25 kg amajikijolo kungavuna kusuka emthini oneminyaka eyishumi ubudala, futhi kufike ku-100 kg kusuka eneminyaka engamashumi amane ubudala.
Yonke imininingwane yokunciphisa i-dogwood
Ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwesithwathwa samasheya sikhula amahlumela asendle. Kumelwe zisuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho ubeka engozini yokulahlekelwa isitshalo sensimu bese uthola "inhlanhla." I-Dogwood ingakhula ngesimo se-multi-bush or stem tree. Beka umqhele ezitsheni ezincane. Uma ngabe ufisa, kungenzeka ukuba wakhe umhlobiso wensimu ngesimo se-V esenziwe ngokufana nesimo se-candelabrum kusuka esihlahleni sezithelo. Uma unensimu eseduze futhi inkinga yokulondoloza isikhala ibalulekile, ngoba impova, kutuswa ukuba utshale izinhlobo eziningana emthini owodwa.
Embuzweni wokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani i-dogwood, abalimi baphendula ngokufushane: isitshalo akudingeki ukuba sakhe umqhele nhlobo. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kususa amagatsha awonakele, afile futhi, uma kunesidingo, encane kakhulu. Izimila ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye ubudala zidinga izihlahla ezivuselelayo. Iyenziwa ngokukhula okubuthakathaka ekupheleni kwebusika, lapho isihlahla sisazophumula.
Ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa se-Dogwood: kanjani ukulungiselela ubusika
Lesi sitshalo asesabi ngisho nobusika obukhulu. Imithi izosinda kalula emaqabunga ajwayele ama-latitudes ethu. Yiqiniso, abantu abasha bayohlushwa amaqhwa amaqhwa, angaphezu kwama-30 degrees. Ngakho-ke lokhu kungenzeki, izitshalo zivuleke kakhulu ebusika. Kule-burlap efanelekile noma i-agrofibre. Futhi ukuvikela izimpande zomhlaba, inhlabathi ezungezile ixhunyiwe ngokucophelela. Kuze kube sekupheleni, ekwindla ngaphansi kwe-cornel ukuphakamisa wonke amaqabunga awile engadini. Ama-booms afihliwe cishe ngo-20 cm. Ingqimba ye-humus noma i-peat ingafakwa phansi.
Indlela yokusakaza i-dogwood ekhaya
Amasiko angenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. I-elula futhi efinyeleleka kakhulu yi-cuttings ye-rooting. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phonsa amahlumela ngonyaka bese ufafaza inhlabathi. Ngonyaka owodwa, lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuphumula, inqubo encane ihlukaniswe nenqubo yomama futhi itshalwe endaweni enomphela. Indlela yokukhiqiza iningi kakhulu yokuqoqa abasebenzi ihlanganiswa. Ama-cuttings ahlaza anqunywe ekuqaleni nokuphakathi kwehlobo. Amahlamvu asusiwe ingxenye yesithathu futhi agcinwe amahora angaphezu kuka-6 ekukhuleni okukhushulayo. Emva kwalokho bahlala emthunzini obala, oboshwe nge-foil. Kukhona ingozi ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozogxila. 
I-dogwood ehleliwe ihlanjululwa ngokuhluma. Lokhu kwenziwa ngo-Agasti nangoSeptemba, kusukela esikhathini sokuqala yonke imizamo yokugoma ayiphumelelanga. Ukuze izimpande zisebenzise kahle izitshalo zasendle ezithuthukile. Le nqubo ihilela ukuxhunyaniswa kwezinhlanzi zezinso kanye nezimpande zamagxolo ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-T. Indawo yokugoma ifakwe eduze ne-tape, kanti izinso zishiywe zivulekile. Ngo-Okthoba, itekisi isusiwe. Uma ukuvuthwa sekujwayele, leli shidi alipheli. I-cornel esakazwa ngale ndlela iveza izithelo kakade ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila, ngoba igcina izici zayo zomama.
Abafuyi bezentengiselwano basakaza indlela yezinja ze-dogwood. Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi futhi kudinga umzamo omkhulu nokubekezela, njengoba imbewu ikhula isikhathi eside futhi kanzima. Futhi i-dogwood fruiting ifika ngonyaka ka-7 kuya ku-10. Ukutshala ukhethe imbewu yezithelo ezingavuthiwe. Uma izingqimba zimbozwa igobolondo elinzima, zinganqunywa, ngaleyo ndlela ziphuthumise ukuhluma. Uma kungenjalo, umbungu uzokwazi ukuvela emva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu kuphela. Imbewu etshalwe endaweni enomphela futhi iqaphe umswakama wenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuheha izinyosi ekugqumeni izinja, lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwa ngesisombululo sezinyosi ezibuthakathaka.
Ukuphikiswa Kwama Cornel kanye Nezilokazane
Ama-cornels ayithinti neze izinambuzane. Kodwa, naphezu kokuphikiswa kwesitshalo, umlimi oyinakekelayo kufanele ahlolisise njalo amagatsha awo nesiqu. Isifo somfowuda ngezinye izikhathi sibonakala emaqabungeni amancane. Ukulwa nalo, kwanele ukwelapha isiko kabili nanoma yikuphi ukubulala. Isikhunta esibuhlungu sikhula emagatsheni owomile, ekugcineni athuthela emahlumela enempilo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka uma ukuhlanza okuhlanzekile kungahlanzekile. Izingxenye ezithintekayo zomuthi zisusiwe futhi kusukela manje ziqinisekisa ukuthi akukho fisi eyomile evele kuyo. Amabala aphuzi emaqabunga, afana nokugqwala, "asuswe" yi-Bordeaux ingxube. Amaqabunga awile kufanele ashiswe. Kwenzeka ukuthi isithelo sibamba umbala obomvu, empini lapho umphumela uphelela khona umcako.
