Kwase kuyisikhathi eside, okhokho bethu bakholelwa ukuthi i-hellebore ekhulayo eduze kwendlu yayizovikela imilingo nokuhlasela kwamandla amnyama. Kamuva, yaqala ukulingana nesitshalo esimangalisayo esisiza ukunqoba izifo eziningi, ingahlanza umzimba futhi isize ngisho nokubhekana nezinkinga zesisindo esiningi.
I-hellebore, ukunakekelwa okungenzeka ngisho nendawo yokulima yase-amateur, i-blooms ekuqaleni futhi inhle kakhulu. Kulokhu futhi kuthiwa "i-Christmas rose" noma "i-rose rose kaKristu." Kusukela esihlokweni uzofunda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo se-hellebore, incazelo yalo nakho konke okuphathelene nalo.
Uyazi? Ngosizo lwe-hellebore, abantu abambalwa bangakwazi ukugcizelela umzimba wabo ngesisindo esidingekayo.
I-hellebore: incazelo yesitshalo
Ukuphakama, imbali ikhula kuze kube ngu-50 cm. I-rhizome ikhulu futhi ifushane, futhi isiqu sinamahloni. Amahlamvu asisekelo angaba yesikhumba, eside-petiolate, eminwe-dissected noma i-stoplike. Izimbali ze-hellebore ezimise indebe zakhiwa esiteshini eside kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ekupheleni. Yini ephutha nge-flower petals yi-sepals, futhi owokuqala yaguqulwa yaba yi-nectari ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo. "I-Rose of Christ" igcwele imibala - imibala emhlophe, ephuzi, e-pink, ephuzi, e-purple kanye neyinki, ngakho-ke i-hellebore ibukeka imangalisa phakathi kwensimu ehlanganiswe ngeqhwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinemibala emibili. Izimbali zitholakala kokubili nge-smooth surface kanye ne-terry. 
Ngenxa yokukhula kwawo ekuqaleni, insimu iye yathandwa kakhulu ngabalimi abaningi, ngoba ngemuva kwesikhathi eside ebanda futhi singenbalabala, kumnandi ukucabanga ngesayithi lethu, elihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezikhanyayo. I-hellebore, ngaphezu kwendawo yayo ekhethekile yokuqhakaza ngaphambi kwezinye izimbali eziningi, inezinye izinzuzo, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ungasho ngokuqina okukhulu kwebusika nokuqina kwesomiso.
Kubalulekile! Labo abafisa ukukhulisa i-hellebore engadini yabo kufanele baqaphele kakhulu, njengoba kunesifo esinobuthi, njengabo bonke izitshalo zomndeni we-buttercup!
Uphi indawo engcono yokutshala i-hellebore?
Njengoba i-hellebore ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezibandayo, kufanele itshalwe ngaphansi kwezihlahla, izihlahla, izivande ezinamadwala namadiza ensimbi. Imbali ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, isibonelo, emigwaqweni, kudingekile kuphela ukuba uqaphele ukuchelela ukuze kungabi nesomiso esinzima. Ngaphansi kwemikhakha yezihlahla zegadi, i-hellebore ikhula ibe yi-shrub enesibindi, okwakhiwa ama-clumps amakhulu angu-70 ngamunye. Futhi emva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo esinjalo sihlala siwumhlobiso wokuqala wangadini kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Uma izinhlelo zakho zifaka imigwaqo engadini kanye nokukhanda, khumbula lokho i-hellebore ikhula kancane futhi ikhula isikhathi esidei Ukufezekisa umphumela okulindelekile, kuzodingeka uthenge izitshalo ezingaphezu kweshumi. Uma utshala i-hellebore, cabanga ibanga eliphakathi kwezimbobo - amasentimitha angama-40.
Uyazi? I-hellebore ibizwa ngokuthi "i-rose kaKristu" ngoba ngokusho kwesinye sezinganekwane ezitholwa yiMagi eduze komfula lapho uJesu Kristu azalwa khona. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi lapho imifula iqhakaza eningizimu phakathi nobusika.
Ukukhulisa i-hellebore
Eqinisweni, ukukhulisa i-hellebore akuyona neze nzima, kodwa ubuqili bayo bukhona, njengamanye ama-buttercups.
Ngesikhathi futhi nini ukutshala i-hellebore?
Endaweni eyodwa, i-hellebore ikhula ngokuthula ize ibe yiminyaka eyishumi, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala kabusha. Ngakho-ke, indawo kufanele ikhethwe ngomthwalo omkhulu. Inhlabathi evumelekile kakhulu ngoba ubumba obunamanzi, obukhululekile, obunqanyuliwe. I-hellebore ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ibheka lapho itshalwe emaqenjini amancane. Lapho izimbali, zakha isiqhingi esincane phakathi kwensimu eqhwa noma iqhwa. I-hellebore, etshalwe ngo-Ephreli no-Septhemba, ayikudingeli ukuba umnike ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, njengazinye izimbali ezihlobisa noma ezincane ezitshalwe ensimini.
Uyazi? Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi i-hellebore ivikela kubathakathi nokuthakatha.
Izikhonkwane zokutshala i-hellebore zilungiselelwe ngobukhulu buka-30 cm³ futhi zisekude ka-30-40 cm komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuba ulandele ibanga ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwamahlathi. Ingxenye yomgodi kumele igcwale umquba. Nciphisa i-rhizome engena emgodini, ubambe isihlahla ngesandla esisodwa, ufafaze phezulu emhlabathini, udonsa uphinde uthele. Amasonto amathathu njalo kanye namanzi amaningi ase-hellebore.
Ukukhiqiza i-hellebore
I-frostbite iyancipha ngendlela edlalayo futhi enomusa, kodwa indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yiyona imbewu eyodwa. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha lapho ivunwa ngemuva kokuvuthwa. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni. I-hellebore ihlwanyelwa endaweni ejulile engu-15 mm endaweni evulekile, enomanzi neye-humus. Amahlumela okuqala avela ngoMashi ngonyaka ozayo. Ngemuva kokuba izithombo zikhule, kuvela amaqabunga amabili noma amabili amaqabunga. Ngemuva kwalokho, badinga ukungena embhede wembali, esitholakala ku-penumbra. Lapho i-hellebore izokhula enye iminyaka emibili noma emithathu. Izimbali ziqala ukuvela lapho i-hellebore isifinyelele eminyakeni yobudala, kanti ukutshala nokuyinakekela kwenzelwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Ukutshala isitshalo ngo-Ephreli noma ngo-Septhemba.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hellebore smelly kwenzeka ukuhlwanyela.
Njengezinye izimbali zensimu, i-hellebore ingasakazeka futhi ukuhlukana kwamahlathi. Ngemva kokuba imbali ikhule, entwasahlobo, izihlahla ezineminyaka emihlanu kufanele ziguqulwe futhi zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye eziningana. Phatha tincetu ngelahle elichotshoziwe futhi usakaze emigodini, okumele ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Entwasahlobo, i-black hellebore isakazwa ngale ndlela, futhi ekwindla kungcono ukuyenza nge-hellebore empumalanga.Uyazi? Kukhona ubufakazi obuqinisekisiwe bokuthi eRussia i-hellebore yavuna ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwekhulu le-17.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-hellebore?
Ukuze i-hellebore ikhule ibe yinhle, inkulu futhi ibhedu, akufanele ibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kwanele ukususa wonke amaqabunga endala nokufa. Ngale ndlela uvimbela ukutheleleka kwamaqabunga amancane namafihlekile nge-fungal blotch. Amaqabunga amasha avela efrijini kuphela emva kokuqhakaza. Ngemuva kokuba izimbali zimile, inhlabathi ejikeleze i-hellebore idinga ukuhlanganiswa ne-peat kanye ne-compost. Ekushiseni, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuze njalo, ngokuvamile siyikhulule futhi sibeke umhlabathi oseduze nayo. Yondla i-hellebore kufanele ibe ngamaminerali ama-bonemeal nama-mineral kabili ngesinye isikhathi.
Uyazi? Izinhlobonhlobo zeCorsican zibhekwa njenge-hellebore enhle kakhulu. Ufinyelela ekuphakeni kwemitha eyodwa.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-hellebore
Izinambuzane ezinobungozi ze-hellebore yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-gourropods - lezi yi-slugs kanye nemisinki, ehluma amaqabunga ayo, kanye nama-aphid, amacimbi emisipha emihle nemisipha. Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zisetshenziselwa ukulwa nokugcina, okubekiwe ezindaweni zokubonakala kwabo. Ama-slugs kanye nemisinki zivunwa ngezandla, futhi izinambuzane zibhujiswa yizinambuzane. Ukulwa nama-aphid, ukwelashwa kwe-Antitlin kanye ne-Biotlin kusiza, kanye no-Aktellik ngokumelene namacimbi.
Uyazi? Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwe-hellebore ezincwadini kuvela esikhathini sekhulu le-XVI mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo njengesikhali "samakhemikhali". Namuhla i-hellebore ayisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Izifo eziyingozi ze-hellebore ziwumphumela wamanga we-powdery, izindawo zendandatho kanye ne-anthracnose. Ukusakaza ukusabalalisa i-aphid, lokhu kuyisizathu esiyinhloko esingavumeli ukuba khona kwayo ensimini yakho. Izingxenye zezitshalo ezonakaliswa yi-spotting kumele zinqunywe futhi zishiswe, futhi ngemva kokuba i-hellebore ehlabayo futhi yonke indawo kufanele ilashwe nge-fungicides.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi isitshalo sithinteka yi-anthracnose, umuntu angabona izindawo ezinombala ezimnyama ngephethini elibonakalayo elibonakalayo emakhazeni. Amaqabunga acatshangelwe kumele asuswe, futhi yonke isitshalo iphathwa ngamalungiselelo ngethusi.
I-hellebore, eyonakaliswa yi-downy mildew, iphela ukunikeza amaqabunga amasha, kodwa lawo asevele abonakale ekhubazekile futhi afakwe amabala amnyama engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga, futhi ohlangothini oluphansi - nge-bloom grey. Izingxenye ezithintekayo ze-hellebore zidinga ukunqunywa futhi zicubungulwe nge-Previkur noma i-oxychloride yethusi. Eqinisweni, i-hellebore ayinamathele ezinambuzane eziningi, okusho ukuthi akufanele ukhathazeke kakhulu ngesitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu yizilokazane nezifo uma ukufakelwa okungalungile, ukugcinwa okungenakekelwa nokuphulwa okuhleliwe kwezimo ezikhulayo, isibonelo, i-hellebore isetshenziswe esakhiweni lapho inhlabathi inamandla khona. Ukuze ugweme ukudoba, thatha isampula enhlabathini bese uyithululela engilazini emnyama. Nisela umhlabathi ngeviniga. Uma i-foam ikhulu kakhulu, kusho ukuthi inhlabathi endaweni yakho i-alkaline, uma kungenjalo kakhulu, inhlabathi ayithathi hlangothi, kepha uma ingekho, indawo idinga ukondliwa nge-liqu fluff, ufulawa wama dolomite noma umlotha okhuni.
