Ikhukhamba evamile - umuthi wonyaka wekhaya lomkhumbi. Kubonakala emasikweni eminyakeni engu-6 000 eyedlule, iNdiya ibhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala kuyo. Emapulazini enamuhla yemifino, kunezindlela eziningana zokukhulisa ukhukhamba: kumathinteritri, emiphongolweni, ngaphansi kwefilimu, ezikhwameni kanye nezikhwama, futhi usebenzisa i-hydroponics, manje ejwayelekile kakhulu. I-Hydroponics ikuvumela ukuba ukhule izitshalo ezindaweni ezingafakelwa ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, okubenza banike ithuba lokudla ezimpandeni emoyeni omanzi, oqinile, onobugovu, obandayo
Uyazi? Omunye Wezimangaliso Eziyisikhombisa Zomhlaba - Izindawo Zokuhlala ZaseBabiloni - zakhiwa ngokusebenzisa i-hydroponics.
Ukhukhamba kwi-hydroponics: izici ezikhulayo
I-hydroponics yamakhukhamba ngezandla zakho izamukelekile kakhulu emnothweni uma ufuna ukuthola ngokushesha isivuno esihle salezi zitshalo. Ukhukhamba yibagibeli, ngakho-ke ku-hydroponicum encane kungcono ukuwahlwanyela odongeni le-pallet, futhi emva kokuvela amahlumela, uwabophe ezinqoleni ezifakwe engeni. Le ndlela izosiza abalimi abafuna indlela yokukhula ngokushesha ukhukhamba. Ukufakwa okunjalo kwamakhukhamba akuphazamisi nezinye izitshalo, okungenzeka kube khona kule pallet, futhi ukhukhamba oboshwe ekugcineni uveza izithelo zezinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Ukukhula okuhle kwamakhukhamba kunomthelela ekukhanyeni usuku olufinyelela emahoreni angu-14.
Uyazi? I-American phytophysiologist uWilliam F. Gericke wahlakulela futhi waqinisekisa imfundiso ye-hydroponics, ehlinzeka imifino emisha emaqenjini aseMelika phakathi neMpi Yezwe II.
Izinhlobo zamakhukhamba zokukhula kwe-hydroponics
Ukuze sikhule ukhukhamba ema-hydroponics ngezandla zabo siqu, uhlobo lwe-F1 Liliput luzokwenza. Lokhu okuqala (kusukela ekuhlumeni kuya ekuhlungeni kufaka izinsuku ezingu-40-42), i-hybrid yenhlobo yesifazane yezimbali iyamelana nezifo namagciwane. Inhlabathi efanele noma ukushisa kwe-substrate yokuhluma imbewu yi-25-30 ° C. Le hybrid inikeza isivuno sika 10-11 kg ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye. m. Futhi i-cucumber encane parthenocarpik yokukhuthazela okujwayelekile; I-hybride ye-parthenocarpic ebekezelayo emthunzini i-F1 MediaRZ yobude obude, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-parthenocarpic eziyingxenye yonke ye-Zozulya. Okunye okuthandwa yi-European, Long English, Almaty 1, uMarfinsky. 
Okudingayo ukukhula ukhukhamba kuma hydroponics
Ukhukhamba ungabhekana nokubonakala kwesikhunta, kanye nokulimala kweziqu. Ukungalingani okwanele phakathi kwezitshalo kungabangela lezi zifo, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukukhula ukhukhamba ebhaleni, i-hydroponics izokufanisa ngokuphelele. Uma ufaka izimbiza, isitsha ngasinye kufanele sinikezwe cishe ngamamitha ayi-2.5 square. m, futhi kuleli tangi kufanele kube izithombo ezimbili.
Ukukhanyisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni ukhukhamba. Ukwandisa umphumela wokukhanyisa kuzosiza ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwe-carbon dioxide emoyeni. Isixazululo esilungiselelwe kahle siyosindisa isikhathi esiningi nomzamo womnikazi. Isixazululo sekhambi le-hydroponic: i-calcium - 1 g, i-sodium - 0.25 g, i-magnesium sulfate - 0.25 g, i-potassium sulfate-0, 25 g, i-zinc - 0.75 g, ithusi - 0.25 g, i-acidity engcono kakhulu isisombululo - kusuka ku-5.5 kuya ku-6.0, kanye ne-EU indicator - 2.2-2.7 mS.
Kubalulekile! Ukuntuleka kwezinto eziwusizo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi kukhona amaqabunga amaningi ezitshalweni, kodwa izithelo ezimbalwa.
Ubuchwepheshe bekhukhamba ezikhulayo zisebenzisa i-hydroponics
I-Hydroponics izosiza efulethini ukukhulisa ukhukhamba, kufana nalabo abakhulile engadini. Kubalulekile ukulandela ngokuqinile ubuchwepheshe bokulima.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emakhasethi
Okokuqala, izitshalo zezinkukhu zihlanganiswa nesisombululo sezakhi, bese kuthi imbewu yekhukhamba ibekwe phakathi kwesikhombe ngasinye. I-hydroponics ihlanganisa izakhi eziningi esixazululweni, esizosiza ukugcwalisa imbewu ngaphakathi. I-vermiculite ye-Powder izosiza ukudala imvelo enomsoco. Emva kokutshala i-cassette yembewu ihlanganiswe nefilimu yeplastiki, esuswa emva kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ukushisa okufanele kulandelwe kungama-23-25 ° C. 
Ukutshala kabusha amahlumela abe ngamacube
Ama-cubes, njengama-cassette, angaphansi kokwelashwa ngesisombululo (indlela yokwenza isisombululo se-hydroponic, esivele sichazwe kulesi sihloko), emva kwalokho amahlumela ezinsuku eziyisikhombisa angadluliselwa lapho. Kumele uthathe isithombo nge-cork bese uyidlulisela ku-cube, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa nge-1 degree. Ibanga elikhudlwana phakathi kwama-cubes linikeza ekuthuthukiseni okujwayelekile kwezitshalo. Ukuhluma izithombo ezimweni ezinjalo yizinyanga eziyi-1.5. 
Ukutshala izitshalo zekhukhamba zibe ngamatshani
Ngaphambi kokutshala ukhukhamba ekhaya, amatshani kumele adonswe ngesisombululo, enze izimbobo ezincane kule phakheji ezosebenza njengomsebenzi wamanzi. Kufanele kwenziwe ekushiseni kuka-22-25 ° C. Ngemuva kokuqala kwezimbali, izithombo zizokwenza isitshalo, emva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukuthi ususe zonke izimbali zibe yiqabunga lesihlanu. Ukuhluma kwezimpande kumatshani kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokushisa kuka 21-22 ° C. 
Izici ukunakekela ukhukhamba
Uma ekugcineni sinquma ukuthi sikhula ukhukhamba ekhaya, kudingeka sizinakekele kahle. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwesithelo sokuqala kuzodingeka kususwe njalo. Njengoba inani lekhukhamba landa, kufanelekile ukulawula ukuguquka kokukhula komquba kuya ekukhuleni okukhiqizayo. Ukhukhamba kufanele uphuze ngokucophelela, uqale ukuchelela kusuka kuma-droppers amahora amabili emva kokuphuma kwelanga, futhi uqede amahora amabili ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukuguqulwa kwesithelo. Ukushisa kwalokhu akumele kudlule + 19-22 ° C, futhi ngezinsuku ezinelanga - +24 ° C. Kudingekile ukuvuselela ukushisa njalo, kuyilapho ugcina izinga lokumswakama ka 70-80%, okuzogwema isikhumba se-powdery kanye ne-botrytis. 
Kubalulekile! Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuhlinzekela ukukhanya kwemifino njalo, kudingeka usebenzise izibani zokufakelwa - njenge-DNAT ne-LED.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zokukhukhamba ezikhulayo zisebenzisa i-hydroponics
Uma usuzokhula kakade ukhukhamba kuma-hydroponics ekhaya, udinga ukwazi izinzuzo zayo nokuqeda. Izinzuzo zokulima zifakazela ukuthi umphathi angakwazi ukulawula ukutshala kwezitshalo, ngoba lezo zinto aziletha ngamanzi ngokwakhe zingene endaweni yomcibisholo, ngaphandle kwalokho, unokufinyelela ezimpandeni futhi angakwazi ukuqapha isimo sakhe, ebheka izinga le-oxygen kwisisombululo sezakhi (udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani isisombululo somsoco sokufakwa kwe-hydroponic).
Lesi sitshalo sidlulisa wonke amanzi adingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula okuhle ngaphandle kokushiya enhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, itondoloza amanzi kanye nezakhi. Ikhukhamba ikhula kangcono futhi ingaguli, okusho ukuthi isidingo sezinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane siyancipha, siba namandla kakhulu, sikhulu futhi senyuka izinga. Imifino ithola izimo ezifanele ukusebenzisa izakhi zayo zofuzo. I-Hydroponics yamakhukhamba ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo ephezulu ye-nitrogen yenza inani elikhulu le-biomass. 
Kodwa-ke, kunezinselelo ezithinta indlela, futhi ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-hydroponics ngokwakho, izici eziningana kufanele zicatshangelwe. Ikhukhamba incike ngokugcwele kumlindi, futhi ukukhula kwayo okuphumelelayo kungenzeka kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele.e, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukulinganisela kwemingcele yemvelo kanye neyezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini, okungase kuvele ngokweqile kwezakhi noma i-pH ephakeme kakhulu. Isici esibalulekile ukulawula okuvamile kwezinga lokushisa endaweni engaphansi kwe-+22 ° C, ngoba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lizoholela ekufeni kwezimpande, ngakho-ke izitshalo. I-i-self-hydroponics isindisa isikhathi futhi ithuthukise ukhukhamba, kodwa iyabiza kakhulu futhi akuwona wonke umnikazi ongayikhokha. Futhi, amahloni amaningi e-hydroponics ngenxa yokungabi ngokwemvelo ngenxa yamapayipi epulasitiki kanye nosawoti wamaminerali.
Ngakho-ke, indlela yokukhula kwe-hydroponics ithandwa futhi inezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izindlela, futhi inezinselele kanye nemizamo yayo ekunakekeleni.
