Umhlaba ukhulula

Izinzuzo kanye nokungahleleki komlimi wezinhlamvu e-dacha

Ukuze lokho umlimi akudingayo namuhla, cishe wonke umlimi uyazi. Ukuze kube lula ukuqhutshwa komhlaba, abalimi bathola imishini ehlukene yokulima - ukuhlwanyela, ukuchelela, ukuvuna kanye nemishini yokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi. Le ndlela yokugcina iyinkqubo echitha isikhathi esiningi yokutshala noma yikuphi izitshalo, ngoba umhlaba udinga ukumba njalo, ukulimaza, ukukhulula, ukuhluma, njll.

Uma umhlaba uyingcosana, umlimi onomhlahlandlela ozohlinzeka ngokulima nokuzikhandla kwezwe elihle uyoba ngumsizi omuhle kulezi zinqubo. Njengoba kunzima ukukhetha umlimi ukunikeza phakathi kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene emakethe, abalimi abanolwazi bafinyelela ekuthengeni ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke kunoma yiziphi izinhloso, ukuthi amasayithi amaningi asetshenziswe kanjani ekusetshenzisweni kokuhlelwa. Ngezansi kukhona izibonelo zabalimi abasebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwamandla abo kanye nobuthakathaka ngokuvumelana nokusebenza kwabo okukhulu kakhulu.

Yini umlimi onobumba e-dacha

Endaweni encane yomhlaba noma ezindaweni ezincane, ezinzima ukufinyeleleka, isibonelo, phakathi kwezihlahla, lapho imishini emikhulu ingadluli khona, umlimi omncane obanjwe ngesandla uzokusiza. Lona uhlobo olubi kakhulu futhi olulula kakhulu lokusebenzisa imishini yezolimo wonke umuntu angayisingatha. Umlimi wezincwadi uyakwazi ukwenza cishe yonke imisebenzi yokulima. Ukuhluma, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukususa ukhula, ukuxuba umanyolo emhlabathini, ukumba izimbobo zezimbali nokutshala izitshalo, ukwandisa umhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla yilokho okwenza umlimi ophethwe ngesandla esakhiweni. Abalimi besandla bayathandwa ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabalimi besifazane: lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokuphatha izivande ezivuthayo, izingadi ze-rose, imibhede yemifula, i-rabatok, izithombo zokugcina izithombo, njll.

Incazelo kanye nezithombe zabalimi balimi

Abakhiqizi bezolimo zokutshala umhlaba kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili: i-rotary ne-rippers.

I-Rotary (inkanyezi)

Umlimi (i-rotary, disc) umlimi owukhetho oluhle kakhulu wokukhulula inhlabathi elula. Iqukethe indlela yokusika (shaft) lapho ama-disks nezinkanyezi ezifana nezinkanyezi zifakwa khona. Inani lezimpahla ezinjalo lixhomeke ebubanzi bomlimi. Umlimi wezinkanyezi ubeke esitheni eside, ekhululekile ngaphansi kokuphakama kokukhula, ukuze angaguqa lapho efaka umhlabathi. Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa: efakwe ngokuqondile emhlabathini, endaweni ejwayelekile ama-sprocket aphakathi kwemigqa, futhi i-arc yokuxhuma iphezu kombhede. Ngosizo lomzamo womzimba, umlimi uqaliswa. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinkanyezi ezilinganiselwe, ithuluzi lihlehliselwa emhlabathini, liyibambe, liyiphakamise bese liphendulela phansi. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo ithuluzi likhulula inhlabathi, ukusika nokuqoqa ukhula. Umlimi wezinkanyezi ufanelekile kakhulu ukunikeza: kulula ukupaka amazambane ama-varietal, ukukhiqiza i-cucumber plantations, nokukhulula inhlabathi emagqabeni nemibhede yemifula. Ngisho nokucabangela ukuthi umuntu kufanele enze imizamo yokusetha indlela yokuhamba, ukucubungula kwesigaba kusasebenza ngokushesha futhi ngokomzimba kunokubamba ngefosholo.

Umlimi wezinkanyezi unesimo esiyinhloko esikhulu - ukungakwazi ukudiliza inhlabathi yobumba nokuphatha kahle inhlabathi enzima, enamandla.

Ukususa umsuka

Ukususa umsila - olunye uhlobo lwabalimi bezandla engadini. Umgogodla oyinhloko womlimi uhlome amazinyo abukhali, aqondiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene, futhi elula ukulawula isibambo. Uma ukhulula, ungangena emhlabathini (kuze kufinyelele ku-20 cm), ngenkathi ungalimazi izindawo.

Kulula ukusebenza: Ukuze usebenzise ithuluzi, udinga ukuyibeka ngokuqondile, amazinyo emhlabathini, cindezela kancane bese uvula i-knob ngokuzenzekelayo. Umlimi uzongena emhlabathini, ngenxa yokuguqa kwamazinyo abukhali, uzothatha inqwaba yomhlaba futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo asike izimpande zokhula, ukuze zikhishwe kalula. Ngakho-ke, uhlala nje ukuzulazula ithuluzi emhlabathini bese uphonsa ukhula. Kubalulekile ukuthi uma usebenzisa i-root remover, isakhiwo somhlabathi asiphazanyiswa, njengoba kunjalo nangokwakheka kwefosholo. Umlimi akasafaki izingqimba zomhlabathi, ugcine umswakama namagciwane ezincane kuwo. Ithuluzi lingaphatha kokubili inhlabathi elula futhi engakaze iphathwe.

Kunezinkinga zalolu hlobo lomlimi. I-root remover ye-Manual ayinakufanele abantu abanezandla ezibuthakathaka, ngoba ukuze bayisebenzise, ​​kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngokuqondile amandla ezandla. Isibonelo, ukucubungula inhlabathi enzima, kubalulekile ukucindezela kanzima kuthempelini yamathuluzi.

Uyazi? Umlimi wesandla wokukunika ungakwenza ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga amafolda avamile, ibhulogi yeplastiki yesibhamu nesipula sepulasitiki. Ukuze wenze isibambo, ipayipi lepulasitiki kufanele liqedwe ngokucophelela, bese uguqula emaphethelweni enqamula eceleni bese ulibeka embotsheni wepulasitiki ngensimbi yesipane. Kungcono ukudonsa isibambo semibhobho kahle kumbubu ongazange uhambise ngesikhathi somsebenzi. Khona-ke, usebenzisa isando, kudingeka ugobe amafoloko afane ne-coorkscrew, ngenkathi uqhathanisa nesithombe somlimi oyisiqalo ukuze uphinde ubambe amazinyo ngendlela efanele. Ngemuva kwalokho, faka umbhobho ngesibambo emafolokheni agobile - futhi ithuluzi lilungele.

Umlimi wezitshalo

Umlimi-ripper uyinduku yensimbi enezinyosi ezinamapulangwe ezinamapulangwe eziningana (ezintathu noma ezinhlanu) eziklanyelwe ukukhipha ukhula futhi zinqume ngisho nomhlabathi oqubukile. Kusenhla ithuluzi ifakwe nesibambo esenziwe ngendlela ye-arc. Uma usebenzisa i-ripper manual, udinga ukuguqula kahle bese unciphisa umlimi ukuze amazinyo akhoke kakhulu emhlabathini. Bese uvula i-knob nge-clockwise bese uyidonsela kuwe. Ngakho, ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi nokusika ukhula kwenzeka, okuyinto elula yokulungiselela ukulungiselela.

I-plus ripper manual iwukuthi lapho isetshenziselwa, umthwalo ongenhlanhla ukhululiwe futhi usatshalaliswe ngokufanayo emisipha yemilenze, izingalo kanye nomhlane. Ukuntuleka kwethuluzi ukuthi kufanelekile ikakhulu ezindaweni ezincane ezinenani elincane lokhula. Uma ukhula selukhulile ngokwesiqephu, khona-ke ukwelashwa nomlimi we-ripper ngeke kusebenze, ngoba kuzodinga izinsiza ezingaphezulu futhi kuphinde kwenziwe izenzo. Kukhona futhi ingozi yokulimala ohlelweni lwempande zezitshalo.

Kubalulekile! Uma usebenza ne-ripper, izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zilandelwe ukuze ugweme ukulimala emilenzeni ngamazinyo abukhali. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi, qiniseka ukugqoka izicathulo ezivaliwe, eziqinile. Ngemva kokusebenzisa ithuluzi, ingxenye ebukhali idinga ukungcwatshwa kwi-sod noma enhlabathini.

I-Potato Maker

Wonke umlimi wezambane uyazi ukuthi i-mbatata-umlimikazi ubonakala kanjani, ngoba lo ngumsizi wokuqala lapho evunwa. Uma ubamba amazambane ngefosholo, awukwazi nje ukukhathala ngokushesha, kodwa futhi uthole umthwalo osindayo emgodleni we-lumbar. Lapha, i-cottager iyasiza ekwenzeni ama-mbatata elula. Idizayini yayo yimifoloko ejikelezayo: induku yensimbi ebukhali, isibambo kanye namazinyo ensimbi ahlanganisiwe avela ngezansi. Isibambo sikulungele ngoba singashintshwa ekuphakameni kokukhula. Ukusebenzisa i-potter digger kuyinto elula. Udinga ukufaka induku emhlabathini eduze kwesihlahla samazambane ne-tip phansi. Bese uvula isibambo nxazonke ze-axis, ujulise amazinyo ngaphansi kwesihlahla samazambane.

Ukuqhubeka nokujika, udinga ukususa ithuluzi up. Ngale ndlela, amafoloko okusebenza azokhipha lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nazo futhi aziphakamise phezulu. Inzuzo enkulu yale divayisi yukuthi ngosizo lwakho ungakwazi ukuvuna masinyane, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugoba futhi ulayishe emuva okuphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nefosholo, ukumba akulimazi izithelo, kubamba kusukela ohlangothini nangaphansi. I-Potato digger ingasetshenziswa futhi ngenhloso yokukhulula, ngenkathi ilungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala. Ukungabi nalutho kwalesi sidivaysi ukuthi kukhishwa izilimo eziyizigaxa esisodwa noma ezimbili ngesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuphindaphindiwe kokusetshenziswa kwehlathi elifanayo kungenzeka.

Umlimi wezolimo

Ukuze izitshalo ezitshalwe ezinqolobaneni ezincane zokugcina izithombo, iziqukathi nezimbiza, kunezilimo ezikhethekile ezibalimi. Lokhu kufana nabalimi begadi, ukuhlukana okukodwa phakathi kwabo - usayizi omncane nezimbambo ezimfushane. Ngosizo lwabo, ungenza izimbobo zokutshala ama-bulbous, ukhulule inhlabathi ezungeze izimbali uphinde ulwa nokhula ezindaweni zokugcina ezincane. Abalimi abancane bezitshalo ezenziwe ngamapulangwe yizona ezilula kunazo zonke, ezisebenzayo futhi ezifanele imali esetshenzisiwe, ngoba ukucubungula isitsha esinesitshalo esinethuluzi elinjalo cishe akudingi umzamo womzimba.

Izinzuzo kanye nokungahleleki komlimi wezinhlamvu

Ukulima kubaluleke kunabo bonke, umsebenzi omzimba okhuni, ngakho-ke inzuzo engenakuphika yabalimi be-dacha ukunciphisa imizamo okufanele yenziwe ekunakekelweni nokutshala. Futhi phakathi izinzuzo la mathuluzi engadini angahlukanisa okulandelayo:

  • Ukukhululeka kokusetshenziswa: umgomo kuphela wokusebenza ukuphumula emhlabathini bese uphonsa ngendlela efanele;
  • Asikho isidingo sokugcinwa (ukugcoba, ukugcoba);
  • ukusika ngokucophelela ukhula: abalimi bezandla abazidonseli phakathi kwemigqa, njengabafana abazenzekelayo;
  • amathuba okubhekana nezindawo ezibucayi nezindawo ezilukhuni kusayithi (imibhede yemifula, izithombo zokugcina izithombo, amagquma ase-alpine, izindawo eziphakathi kwezihlahla kanye nezihlahla);
  • ukutholakala kwentengo.
Yiqiniso, amathuluzi angenhla anakho ukungalungi:
  • engasebenzi ngaphambi kwamanye amantombazane azinziwayo;
  • isidingo sokungena esikhundleni se-discs kubalimi abajikelezayo bombhalo;
  • ukukhiqiza okuphansi - efanele kuphela imisebenzi ezindaweni ezinqunyelwe, ezincane;
  • isidingo sokusebenzisa amandla emzimbeni;
  • Ukusebenza kahle komhlaba enhlabathini eyizintombi kanye nomhlabathi oqinile.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa abalimi bombhalo, kudingeka uqaphele, uqaphele futhi ubale amandla okucindezela esibambini. Izakhi zokusebenza kanye nezinqubo zabalimi bomhlahlandlela angeke zilungiswe ekujuleni kokulima. Ngakho-ke, konke kuxhomeke emandleni omzimba womuntu. Uma ucindezelwe kanzima, umlimi angakwazi ukujula kakhulu enhlabathini futhi awonakele uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo ezitshalwe. Futhi, ngokuphambene, ngamandla anganele, ngeke kwenzeke ukungena emhlabathini onzima noma ukusika izimpande zokhula.