I-Monstera - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo

IMonstera (Monstera) - Isithombo esikhulu samahlamvu okuhlobisa anamaqabunga agqamile futhi asikiwe angatholakala ezindlini, ezindlini, emahhovisi nasemitatsheni yezincwadi. IMonstera idonsela ukunaka ekubukekeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni nasekuzithobeni kwayo. Igama layo lihunyushwa lisuka kwisiLatini njenge "bizarre", futhi kunzima ukuphikisana nalokhu.

IMontest is a creeper enkulu ehlala njalo ivela emndenini wakwa-Aroid. Izwe lakubo yiziifunda ezilinganayo zaseNingizimu Melika naseMelika Ephakathi: IPanama, iBrazil, iMexico, iGuatemala, iCosta Rica.

Lesi sitshalo sinohlanga olugqinsi lokugibela olunezimpande zasemoyeni. Amaqabunga amasha kuma-petioles amade aphelele, afaka isikhumba lapho ethintwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvela izimbotshana nezimbobo zezimo ezahlukahlukene nobukhulu. Umbala wepuleti lamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani; kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu ahlukahlukene. I-inflorescence iyi-cob enkulu ezungezwe iveli. Blooms kuyaqabukela.

Ezimweni zasendlini, i-monstera ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2-4, futhi yini ongayithola eminyakeni eyi-4-5. Okonyaka ukhipha amashidi angama-2-3. Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.

Izici eziwusizo ze-monstera

Amacembe amakhulu e-monstera akhiqiza i-oksijini ngentshiseko futhi andise umswakama womoya, othinta kahle i-microclimate egumbini.

Lesi sitshalo simunca imisebe ye-formaldehyde nemisebe kagesi, ionizing umoya.

Kukholelwa ukuthi iMonstera ithinta kahle uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi iqinisa amasosha omzimba.

Ukunakekela isilo ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukunakekela isilo ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya eMonstera akudingi ngokweqile. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa kusuka kuwo, kufanele uzame ukuletha izimo zokuboshwa eduze nezimo zemvelo lapho zikhula endle.

I-monstera yezimbali

I-Monstera inflorescence iyi-cobindrical cob eminyene, efinyelela ku-25 cm, embozwe ngesembozo. Kufana nokuqhuma kweminduze ye-calla noma i-spathiphyllum. Izimbali zinokuphindwe kabili ngaphezulu, futhi ziyinyumba ezansi. Izithelo ziyefana nekhokho lommbila, kuze kufike ku-25 cm ubude.

Banambitha njengophayinaphu noma ubhanana. Inani lokuhlobisa izimbali alikho.

Ezimweni zasekamelweni, kuphela ezinkulu, izitshalo zabantu abadala ziyaqhakaza, kanti-ke kuyaqabukela kakhulu.

Imodi yokushisa

UMonstera uthanda imfudumalo. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elilungele lona lingama-20-25 degrees. Ngokufundwa kwe-thermometer ngenhla kwama-degree angama-27, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umswakama womoya ophakeme. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sizizwa sikhululekile kumadigri ayi-16-18. Uma i-thermometer ingaphansi kuka-16 (ingamelana nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa okufika ku-10 degrees) - i-monstera iyeka ukukhula. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuchelela.

Ikakhulu esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika, imbali kufanele ivikeleke kokubhaliwe kanye nezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa.

Ukufafaza

I-Monstera ekhaya ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Iphinde idlulise nomoya owomile isikhashana, kepha izoyizwa ithandeka kakhulu uma umswakama ungaphansi kuka-60%.

Isitshalo siphendula kahle ukufafaza. Inqubo yenziwa njalo ngolunye usuku, futhi ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu - nsuku zonke, ngamanzi ahleliwe noma ahlungiwe at lokushisa lasekamelweni.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, amapuleti amaqabunga asulwa ngothuli ngendwangu emanzi.

Isibani

UMonstera uthanda ukukhanya okuhle, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile. Indawo enhle yiwindowsill asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu, kungcono ukubeka ebhodweni eduze kwewindi ukugwema ukushiswa kwamaqabunga.

Kukholelwa kabanzi ukuthi i-monster yasekhaya ibekezelela umthunzi kahle futhi ikhule ngemuva kwegumbi. Lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Yize lesi sitshalo singeke sife ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, sizolahlekelwa umphumela waso wokuhlobisa: isiqu sizolula bese amaqabunga achotshozwa.

Ezimweni zomthunzi noma ingxenye yomthunzi, kunconywa ukuthi i-monster ikhanyiswe ngamalambu we-phyto- noma we-fluorescent, ukuyihlela kube usuku olukhanya olungamahora ayi-12.

Ukunisela

Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, i-monstera idinga ukuthambisa okuningi, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ukuthambisa okulandelayo kuyadingeka ngokushesha lapho womisa ingaphezulu. Ebusika, imvamisa yokunisela iyancipha: isendlalelo esisembizeni kufanele some ¼.

Lesi sitshalo asikubekezeleli ukomiswa okuphelele kwenhlabathi, kanye nokugqwala kwayo ngokweqile. Esokuqala sikhubazekile ngokulahleka kwamaqabunga ama-turgor kanye nokomiswa kwamaphethelo awo, okwesibili ngokubola kohlelo lwempande kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhunta kwesiqu.

I-Monster Pot

Ubukhulu bebhodwe buya ngosayizi wesitshalo. Njengoba i-monstera inohlelo olukhulu lwezimpande, ibhodwe kufanele libe eliqinile, elijulile futhi elizinzile. Okokucatshangelwa kwabadala, udinga ukunakekela amabhodwe amakhulu noma amashubhu enkuni.

Lapho ufakelwa, kulungile ukukhetha imbiza engaba ubukhulu baka-3-5 cm ububanzi kuneyangaphambili. Ukuba khona okuphoqelekile kwezimbobo zokudonsa kuwo.

Ground for monstera

IMonstera ekhaya ithanda inhlabathi evundile, evundile ebamba umswakama futhi ivumele umoya ukuba udlule. Ungathenga i-substrate yesitolo se-monster noma izihlahla zesundu.

Uma ungalungisa le ngxube ngokwakho, ungakhetha okukodwa kokukhetha:

• Umhlaba waseSodoma, Peat, humus, isihlabathi kanye ishidi umhlaba isilinganiso 3: 1: 1: 1: 1;
• I-Peat, umhlaba wamashidi nesihlabathi esihlanganayo noma i-perlite (1: 2: 1);
• Umhlaba waseSodoma, ubandlululo, umquba nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo.

Ingxube yokuzilungiselela ibalulekile ukubulala amagciwane ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Izimo ezisencane ze-monstera azidingi ukondliwa okwengeziwe. Abantu abadala kufanele bavundiswe ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthuka (kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba) kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziholayo kufanelekile.

Izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesizini, ukugqokwa kwamaminerali kungashintshwa nge-organic, isibonelo, isixazululo se-mullein.

Ukufakelwa kwe-Monstera

Kunconywa ukuthi inyamazane encane itshalwe kabusha njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo, amasampula abantu abadala - kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-4. Uma ukufakelwa kungenzeki ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu besitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi kufakwe ungqimba lwenhlabathi ephezulu (cm cm) ngonyaka.

Ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kwenziwa nge-transshipment ukuze kungonakalisi izimpande ezintekenteke. Izimpande ezingaphansi kwazo azinqunyiwe, kepha zithunyelwa emhlabathini, bese zifafazwa ngenhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwembiza, kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ayi-4-5 cm ukugwema i-acidization yomhlaba. Ekhwalweni yayo, amatshe amatshe, izitini eziphukile, udaka olwandisiwe lungasetshenziswa.

Izihlahla

Imbali ye-monster ayidingi ukuthenwa okujwayelekile noma ukubotshwa komqhele ekhaya. Uma kunesidingo, nquma amaqabunga amadala okomisa, lokhu kuvusa ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha waso.

Uma i-monstera yinde kakhulu, noma uvele ufuna ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwayo, unganciphisa isihlahlana sesitshalo.

Njengoba i-monstera ingumvini ukuze ungaphuki, kubalulekile ukuthi umeseke. Kungaba yi-bamboo noma induku ejwayelekile. Ukusekelwa kungafakwa nge-moss emanzi bese kumunyiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kuzonikeza isitshalo umswakama owengeziwe. Isiqu asinamathekile ngokuqinile kusekelwa ngosizo lwe-twine.

Kungenzeka yini ukushiya i-monster ngaphandle kokuhamba? Yini okufanele uyenze uma useholidini?

I-Monstera ingakubekezelela ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa kwamaviki angama-3-4. Ngaphambi kokusuka, kufanele unisele isitshalo kakhulu, usibeka emgqonyeni onamanzi noma ubumba olunwetshiwe ukuze phansi lungathinti amanzi. Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi lingambozwa nge-moss emanzi futhi linikeze umthunzi ovela elangeni.

Ukuzala Kwe-Monstera

I-Monstera isakazeka ekhaya ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukusikwa nokufakwa komoya.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Monstera ngokusikwa

I-Monstera isabalalisa ngo-apical kanye ne-stem cuttings. Isikhathi esihle intwasahlobo, ukuqala kwehlobo.

I-shank kufanele ibe okungenani nenodi eyodwa neqabunga elivuthiwe (ngokuqondile 2-3). Ubukhona be-primordium yempande yomoya wamukelekile. Izisiko ezimfishane zinezimpande ngokushesha. Ukusikwa okungenhla kufanele kube kuqonde ngqo ngaphezulu kwezinso, okuthe xaxa - 1-1,5 cm ngaphansi kwesisekelo sephepha.

Izilimo zomiswa ihora, bese zitshalwa engxenyeni ye-peat nge-perlite. Isitsha simbozwe nge-polyethylene noma imbiza yengilazi futhi ibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle (kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile) nendawo efudumele (24 degrees degrees). I-greenhouse ihlala ingena umoya futhi inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama. Lapho kuvela ipheshana elisha esiphathweni, lidluliselwa kwelinye ibhodwe enhlabathini engapheli.

Ukubandwa kwesibambo kungenziwa emanzini, ukufaka izibhebhe ezimbalwa zekhabhoni esebenze kuyo. Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3, ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, isiqu sitshaleke endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Monstera ngokulinganisa

Phezu kwegxolo lesiqu, kuvela indawo ngaphansi kwesisekelo seqabunga, hhayi ngaphansi kwama-60 cm ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Isiza se-incision sigoqiwe ngo-moss omanzi futhi sihlala simanzi. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, izimpande ezincane kufanele zivele endaweni okwenzeka kuyo lesi sifo. Isiqu sisikwa amasentimitha ambalwa ngaphansi kwalezi zimpande futhi sitshalwe ebhodweni ngalinye.

Ngakho-ke kusungulwa isigaba esisha sentsha esigcwele. Futhi isitshalo "sikamama" kungekudala sizokhipha amahlumela amasha aseceleni.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-monstera kwesinye isikhathi ihlaselwa yizilokazane nezifo. Nazi izinkinga okungenzeka nezimbangela zazo:

• Izimpande zeMonstera ziyabola - acidization yenhlabathi ngenxa yokunisela ngokweqile.
• Amaqabunga eMonstera aphenduka aphuzi - Ukushisa okuphezulu komoya noma umswakama ngokweqile enhlabathini.
• IMonstera ikhula kancane - Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kanye / noma amaminerali.
• Amaqabunga angenalutho -ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kanye / noma izakhamzimba.
• Amaqabunga eMonstera anezeluleko ezinsundu, ezomile - umswakama ophansi egumbini.
• Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga - Ukushisa okuphansi kanye / noma ukushisa ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
• Amaqabunga aphakeme kaMonstera - Ukukhanyisa ngokweqile.
• Amacembe aphansi aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe - Inqubo yemvelo ukukhula kanye nokuvuthwa imbali.
• Amaqabunga amaqabunga aba njengamaphepha namaphepha ansundu. - ibhodwe elincane.
• Amaqabunga akhubazekile -okunisela ngamanzi kanzima.

Kwezinambuzane, i-spider mite, scutellum ne-aphid kungasongela lesi silo.

Izinhlobo ze-monstera yasekhaya enezithombe namagama

I-Monstera ekhangayo noma ye-Gourmet (Monstera deliciosa)

Emakamelweni ukhula ube ngamamitha amathathu, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo - kuya kumamitha ayi-12. Amaqabunga amancane efomu elakhiwe ngenhliziyo anemiphetho eqinile, abadala - abahlukaniswe ngokuqinile nezimbobo. Ububanzi bethanga leqabunga bufika ku-60 cm. I-inflorescence-cob, engaba ngu-25 cm ubude, izungezwe yiveli elimhlophe. Izithelo zivuthwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10, zifana nophayinaphu ngokunambitheka nangephunga.

I-Monstera oblique (Monstera Obliqua)

Amaqabunga aphelele, embozwe ngezimbobo ezinkulu, ane-lanceolate noma i-elliptical. Afinyelela ubude obungu-20 cm, ububanzi obuyi-6 cm. Ubude be-petiole bufika ku-13 cm. Ingxenye yepuleti leqabunga likhulu kancane kunelinye. Kungakho igama lezinhlobo. I-inflorescence incane, ifinyelela ku-4 cm ubude.

I-Monstera Adanson (i-monstera adansonii)

Ekuphakameni, ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-8. Amaqabunga Amancanyana anesimo se-ovoid esinenqwaba yezimbobo, imiphetho ayihlukanisiwe. Ubude beplate yeqabunga bunokwehluka ukusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-55 cm, ububanzi bube ngama-20-40 cm. Indlebe, ubude obungu-8-12 cm, izungezwe umbhede ophuzi wombhede okhanyayo.

I-Monstera Borsigiana (monstera borsigiana)

Iziqu zinciphile kunaleso se-monstera ekhangayo. Inqume ngokulinganayo amapuleti enqabunga enhliziyo enobukhulu obufika ku-30 ​​cm. Umbala - luhlaza omnyama. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, iMonstera Borzig variegate.