Intsha ye-XXI ye-XXI ye-tomato ehlukahlukene "Olya" f1: izici eziyinhloko, incazelo nesithombe

Nakuba izinhlobonhlobo ze-utamatisi "Olya" zakhiwe kamuva nje, sekuvele sekuphumelele ukunqoba izimpande zabalimi abaningi bemifino.

Uma ufuna ukukhula lawa utamatisi ekhishini lakho lasehlobo, funda kusengaphambili mayelana nezici zokulima kwazo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi zadalwa ngabalimi baseRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XXI.

Utamatisi u-Olya f1 wawufakwe kwiRejista Yombuso engxenyeni yaseNyakatho Caucasus yokulima endaweni evulekile. Ezimweni zokushisa, zingatshalwa kuwo wonke unyaka kuzo zonke izifunda.

Utamatisi Olya F1: incazelo ehlukahlukene

Ziyizinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-utamatisi futhi ziyimpumelelo yangempela yokuzaliswa kwekhaya. Ibonakala ngezihlahla eziphezulu, ezingekho ezijwayelekile. Ekuphakameni kwamahlathi ngokuvamile kufinyelela kumamitha angu-100 kuya kwangu-120. Zibonakaliswa ngamagatsha abuthakathaka futhi ababuthakathaka. Mayelana namamitha ase-indeterminantny funda lapha.

Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi aphindwe kabili. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, lokhu kuhlukahluka kwetamatisi kungokwezihlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa. Izithelo zifika ekuvuthweni ngosuku oluyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu emva kokuvela kwezithombo ngenzuzo enwetshiwe yokulima, futhi zivuthwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye.

Ngokuba utamatisi walezi ezihlukahlukene kubonakala ukwakheka amabhulashi amathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyinto uvuthwe kanyekanye. Esikhathini esisodwa isihlahla esinamahlumela angasungulwa ngesamba sezingxenye eziyishumi nanhlanu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid zikhombisa ukumelana okuphakeme kakhulu nezifo ezifana ne-cladosporiosis, i-mosaic ye-tobacco, i-nematode ne-fusarium. Utamatisi "Olya" angakhula kokubili ezimweni zokushisa futhi emhlabathini ovulekile.

Izithelo ezingavuthiwe zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlaza okombala, futhi uma zivuthiwe, ziba bomvu obomvu. Zibonakaliswa ngobukhulu obujwayelekile kanye nesimo sendawo esicacile. Ububanzi bawo ngokuvamile buphakathi kwamamitha ayisithupha namashumi ayisikhombisa.

Isithelo se-tomato ezihlukahlukene "Olya" singaba namakamelo amane kuya kweyisithupha. Iqukethe kusuka ku-5.3% kuya ku-6.4% yendaba eyomile.. Isisindo sesithelo ngokuvamile siyi-130-140 amagremu, kodwa singafinyelela ku-180. Enye yezinto eziphawulekayo kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zetamatisi yizo zonke izithelo ezikhulile esiqhingini esisodwa zinesisindo nesayizi esifanayo.

Ngezansi ungabona ulwazi mayelana nesisindo sezithelo zezinye izinhlobo zamatamatisi:

Isithombe

Izici

Ngenxa yokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu okumangalisayo, lawa utamatisi angasetshenziswa kokubili ukupheka amasaladi nokusetshenziswa okusha, nokulondolozwa. Uhlobo lwezotamatisi elithi "Olya" libhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivelele. Uma uyamnakekela ngokufanelekile, ngakho-ke imitha eyodwa yokutshala ungayithola kuze kufike ku-25 kilograms utamatisi.

Ungaqhathanisa isivuno kanye nezinye izinhlobo etafuleni elingezansi:

Izici zokukhula

Ukuze ukhule lezi zinhlobonhlobo emhlabathini ovulekile, ekushiseni okushisa, ngaphansi kwefilimu, noma ku-greenhouse polycarbonate, kumele uqale uqale isithombo. Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi efanele. Kufanele kube nengxenye eyodwa ye-peat, ingxenye eyodwa ye-sawdust nezinxenye ezimbili zomhlaba wokushisa.

I-Sawdust kufanele igcwaliswe ngaphambi kwamanzi abilayo, bese kabili ithululelwe ngesisombululo se-urea, esilethwe ngamathumba. Ukuze ulungise lesi sombululo ngetitha elilodwa lamanzi abilayo udinga ukudiliza isipuni esisodwa se-urea.

Ebhakeni elilodwa lokuxuba inhlabathi, engeza izingcosana ezimbili zegobolondo elichotshoziwe lamaqanda ezinkukhu, kanye nengxenye yelitha lomlotha kanye namashukela amabili noma amathathu we-superphosphate noma i-potassium sulfate. Ngemuva kokuxuba okuphelele, uthele isisombululo esishisayo se-potassium permanganate emhlabathini, bese ulinda kuze kube yilapho umhlaba usuhlile ngokuphelele futhi ugcwalise ngesitsha sokutshala imbewu kuze kube ncamashi.

Imbewu yokutshala kumele yenziwe ngoMashi, kanti ngoMeyi ungatshala izithombo endaweni evulekile. Nikeza zonke izihlahla ukusekela okuqinile, zibophe futhi emva kwezinsuku eziyikhulu ungalindela ukubukeka kwesitshalo. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukudlala ngemuva kokubonakala kwebhayisikili yokuqala, kodwa sidinga ukuchelela okujwayelekile kanye nokufaka umquba owenziwe ngamaminerali.

Njengomanyolo utamatisi, ungasebenzisa:

• I-Organic.
• Ama-mineral compounds.
• Iodine
• Imvubelo
• I-hydrogen peroxide.
• Amoniya.
• Ash.
• I-boric acid.

Ukunciphisa umzimba kuzosiza ekulawuleni ukhula.

Izinzuzo zezitshalo ze-utamatisi "Olya":

• isivuno esikhulu;
• ukumelana namazinga aphezulu okushisa;
• ukuphikiswa kwesifo;
• ukubekezela okuhle kokukhanyisa okwanele;
• izimfanelo eziphezulu zezithelo zezithelo.

Impendulo kuphela yalezi zinhlobonhlobo ingabizwa ngokuthi isihlahla ngasinye samatamatisi sidinga ukusekelwa okuthembekile nokuhlala njalo, okumele ukwenze kusengaphambili.

Funda futhi kwiwebsite yethu: Ungayilungisa kanjani inhlabathi ekushiseni okushisa entwasahlobo? Yisiphi isakhiwo somhlabathi esifanele ukutshala utamatisi ngaphezu kwakho konke nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zenhlabathi ezikhona?

Kungani izikhukhula zokukhula, ama-fungicides nezinambuzane? Yiziphi amaphuzu amahle ekukhuleni izinhlobo zakuqala zonke izilimi kufanele zikwazi?

Izifo nezinambuzane

Nakuba i-"Olya" f1 utamatisi iphikisana kakhulu nezifo eziningi, ingathinteka yizifo ezinjengokulimala okuphuzile, ukubola kanye nendawo emnyama. Ukulimala okukhatshana okubhekene nokubonakala kwamabala asundu emagqabeni ezitshalo futhi kungcolile ngaphakathi.

Izithelo nazo ziba nezindawo ezimnyama. Ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi sifo, izithombo zotamatisi kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo sesidakamizwa esithi "Barrier" ngosuku lwamashumi amabili emva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ukwelashwa ngegama elithi "Barrier"

Lapho izibonakaliso zokuqala zezifo zivela, izitshalo zingasetshenziswa ngekhambi likagalikhi noma i-oxyfine, amaphilisi amabili okudingeka adonswe ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Ukuqeda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo zokubola kanye nezinsundu kanye nenhlabathi kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezindlela zokuzivikela ngokumelene ne-phytophthora kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezingenaso lesi sifo.

Esizindeni sethu uzothola ulwazi olwengeziwe oluwusizo mayelana nezifo zamatamatisi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindlela zokulwa nabo, mayelana nezinhlobo eziphezulu ezivumela ngokuzivikela emzimbeni. Futhi mayelana nezifo ezivamile ezifana ne-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillis.

Izinhlobo zeTomate "Olya" zingathinteka yizinambuzane ezifana nalezi:

• Medvedka, okuzosiza ukubhekana nomuthi "Ukuduma";
• whitefly, ukuqeda ukuthi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa iFosbecid.

Izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi "Olya" f1, ayinakuzithoba, ngakho-ke ngisho nomlimi wesimanje uzokwazi ukukhula. Futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele isivuno esihle samatamatisi esiphundu ngeke sibe isikhathi eside ekufikeni.

Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele nezinye izinhlobo zamatamatisi ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa: